简介：Thetransitionsandmorphologyofaseriesofmain-chainliquidcrystallinepolymerwithX-shapedmesogenswerestudiedbymeansofDSC,SALSandpolarizingmicroscopytechniques.Aneven-oddeffectwasobservedforsampleswithdifferentsizeofthesubstituentsonthemesogenends.Theisotropizationprocesswassimilartothatofmain-chainpolymerswithrod-likemesogens.Nocrystallizationwasdetectedforspecimenscoolingdownfromtheirisotropicmeltstate.Howevertwoofthesamplesmaycrystallizeincoolingprocessdirectlyfromtheliquidcrystallinestate.

简介：Undertheconditionoflowgravitythecharacteristicsofliquidforcedsloshinginaturningsphericaltankwithaspacerwereinvestigated.Thestaticshapeoftheliquidsurfacewasanalyzed.Byexpandingthecharacteristicfunctions,thefrequenciesandvelocitypotentialofliquidfree-sloshingwerederived.Thegoverningequationsandboundaryconditionsfortheforcedsloshingofliquidunderthetankturningwereestablished.Thetransverseforceofliquidactingonthetankandthemomentofforcetothecentreofthetankwhichiscausedbytheforceofliquidactingonthespacerweregiven.Numericalresultswerecomparedwiththeonesofthesphericaltankwithoutaspacer.Theresultsshowthatwhenaspacerisinsertedinthetank,thesloshingfrequencyofliquidandthetransverseforceofliquidactingonthetankwilldecrease,butthemomentofforcetothecentreofthetankwhichiscausedbytheforceofliquidactingonthespacerwilloccur.

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简介：在装载的biaxial下面的液体水晶弹性体(LCE)的thermo-order-mechanical行为在这份报纸被学习。为非线性的有弹性的问题的反的方法被强加拉长到薄矩形的样品的biaxial利用。新古典的有弹性的精力和Landau-deGennesnematic被使用免费精力。在飞机压力假设下面，组成的方程被导出。由于装载的强加的biaxial导致的液体晶体分子的可能的重取向，装载轴将有最大的有效主要紧张的非线性的压力紧张关系能有不同表情取决于的在里面飞机。并且免费精力是多好非凸的潜在的功能。是由一些典型装载路径出现，LCE样品将展出各向异性的非线性的有弹性的行为，只要装载没导致液体水晶分子的重取向。当这确实发生了时，压力跳能由于输稳定性为死了的装载发生。

简介：ThisstudypresentsanovelprocessofinsitusurfacemodificationofCaCChnanoparticlesusingamultipleorificedispersionmicroreactor.CO2/Ca（OH）2precipitationreactionwasemployedtoprepareCaCO3nanoparticleswithsodiumstearatesurfactant.SynthesizedCaCChproductswerecharacterizedbythermogravimetricanalysis（TGA）,infra-red（IR）,X-raydiffraction（XRD）,transmissionelectronmicroscopy（TEM）andBrunauer-Emmet-Telleranalysis（BET）.Theeffectofvariousoperationparametersonnanoparticlesandthedosageofsodiumstearateweredetermined.Theresultsshowedthatthepreparationprocesscouldbepreciselycontrolledwithefficientmasstransferprocess.Theparticleswerehighlyhydrophobicwithacontactangleof117andmonodispersewithanaveragesizeof30nm.Theadsorptionsofsodiumstearateandcalciumiononsolidparticlesduringtheinsitusurfacemodificationprocesswereinvestigated.

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简介：Themainpurposeofthispaperistwo-fold:(i)togeneralizeanexistenceresultforacompressiblegas-liquidmodelwithafrictiontermrecentlypublishedbyFriisandEvje[SIAMJ.Appl.Math.,71(2011),pp.2014–2047];(ii)toderiveauniquenessresultforthesamemodel.Amainingredientintheexistencepartistheobservationthatwecanconsiderweakerassumptionsontheinitialliquidandgasmass,andstillobtainanexistenceresult.Comparedtotheabovementionedwork,werelyonamorerefinedapplicationoftheestimatesprovidedbythebasicenergyestimate.Concerningtheuniquenessresult,weborrowideasfromFangandZhang[NonlinearAnal.TMA,58(2004),pp.719–731]andderiveastabilityresultunderappropriateconstraintsonparametersthatdeterminerateofdecaytowardzeroattheboundaryforgasandliquidmasses,andgrowthrateofmassesassociatedwiththefrictiontermandviscouscoefficient.

简介：有在结构的不同方面链的Polyimides(PI)被pyromelliticmdianhydride(PMDA)的copolycondensation与3,5-diamino-综合(4甲烷酸己基的酉旨)phenyl-benzamide(C6-PDA)，(4-butoxybiphenol)-3,5-diaminobenzoate(C4-BBDA)并且3，5-diamino-benzoic酸decyl酉旨(C10-DA)说出PI-PDA，PI-C4，PI-DA分别地。PI-PDA和PI-DA的方面链的长度象PI-C4的一样类似。通过pretilt角度测试，方面链的长度什么时候是类似的，被表明方面链也不磨擦过程的结构能也不在垂直排列性质上有明显的差别，站在约1.6nm。PI表面的表面精力的测量进一步证明了这结果。X光检查光电子分光镜测量的结果显示PI的方面链从聚合物体积阶段外面拉长了并且在表面上积累了。

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简介：Recentadvancesontheuseofnanocarbon-basedelectrodesfortheelectrocatalyticconversionofgaseousstreamsofCO2toliquidfuelsarediscussedinthisperspectivepaper.Anovelgas-phaseelectrocatalyticcell,differentfromthetypicalelectrochemicalsystemsworkinginliquidphase,wasdeveloped.Thereareseveraladvantagestoworkingasphase,e.g.noneedtorecovertheproductsfromaliquidphaseandnoproblemsofCO2solubility,etc.Operatingundertheseconditionsandusingelectrodesbasedonmetalnanoparticlessupportedovercarbonnanotube(CNT)typematerials,longC-chainproducts(inparticularisopropanolunderoptimizedconditions,butalsohydrocarbonsuptoC8-C9)wereobtainedfromthereductionofCO2.Pt-CNTaremorestableandgiveinsomecasesahigherproductivity,butFe-CNT,particularusingN-dopedcarbonnanotubes,giveexcellentpropertiesandarepreferabletonoble-metal-basedelectrocatalystsforthelowercost.ThecontrolofthelocalizationofmetalparticlesattheinneroroutersurfaceofCNTisanimportactfactorfortheproductdistribution.ThenatureofthenanocarbonsubstratealsoplaysarelevantroleinenhancingtheproductivityandtuningtheselectivitytowardslongC-chainproducts.TheelectrodesfortheelectrocatalyticconversionofCO2arepartofaphotoelectrocatalytic(PEC)solarcellconcept,aimedtodevelopknowledgeforthenewgenerationartificialleaf-typesolarcellswhichcanusesunlightandwatertoconvertCO2tofuelsandchemicals.TheCO2reductiontoliquidfuelsbysolarenergyisagoodattempttointroducerenewablesintotheexistingenergyandchemicalinfrastructures,havingahigherenergydensityandeasiertransport/storagethanothercompetingsolutions(i.e.H2).

简介：Chloramphenicolisanantibioticandoneofthepotentialcontaminantsinhoney.Solid-phaseextractionisthekeypretreatmentprocedureforanalysisofchloramphenicolinhoney.Inthiswork,anon-linepretreatmentliquidchromatography-tandemmassspectrometersystemforsensitive,reliableandhigherthroughputanalysiswasdeveloped.Withthemethylcellulose-immobilizedreversed-phasecolumn,sugarsinahoneysamplewereefficientlyremovedin1min.Asaresult,thelimitofquantitationofchloramphenicolwas20pg/mL(0.2μg/kghoney).

简介：计算液体动力学(CFD)广泛地被用来学习gassolid使液化的水动力学；然而，它在liquidsolid使液化的应用是相对稀罕的。在这研究，liquidsolid的CFD模拟使流体化床被执行，集中于效果在liquidsolid使液化的水动力学上拖关联和增加的集体力量。拖关联，这被显示出模拟结果和关联上的重要效果由Beetstra等求婚了。(2007)与试验性的数据给最好的协议。我们进一步证明增加的集体力量确实在liquidsolid使液化的CFD模拟起一个重要作用，不应该因此在CFD模拟被忽略。

简介：Particlebasedmethodscanbeusedforboththesimulationsofsolidandfluidphasesinmultiphasemedium,suchasthediscrete-elementmethodforsolidphaseandthesmoothedparticlehydrodynamicsforfluidphase.Thispaperpresentsacomputationalmethodcombiningthesetwomethodsforsolid-liquidmedium.ThetwophasesarecoupledbyusinganimprovedmodelfromareportedLagrangian-Eulerianmethod.Thetechniqueisverifiedbysimulatingliquid-solidflowsinatwo-dimensionallid-drivencavity.

简介：过量音量(VE)，超声的速度(u)，isentropic压缩的可能性(K)和粘性()为有在303.15点的1,2-dichlorobenzene，1,3-dichlorobenzene，1,2,4-trichlorobenzene，o-chlorotoluene，m-chlorotoluene，p-chlorotoluene，o硝基甲苯和m硝基甲苯的dimethylformamide(DMF)的二进制混合物，K被学习。过量卷数据展览在为有1,2-dichlorobenzenes和1,3-dichlorobenzenes和性质的dimethylformamide的混合物的符号的倒置在为有1,2,4-trichlorobenzene，o硝基甲苯和m硝基甲苯的dimethylformamide的混合物的全部作文范围上是完全积极的。在另一方面，数量为有chlorotoluenes的dimethylformamide的混合物是否定的。Isentropic压缩的可能性(K)从精确健全速度和密度数据为一样的系统被计算了。进一步，从理想的行为的isentropic压缩的可能性(K)的偏差也是计算的。K值在在所有二进制混合物的全部音量部分范围上是否定的。试验性的健全速度数据以免费长度理论(FLT)和碰撞因素理论(CFT)被分析。粘性数据根据相应州的途径被分析。测量数据根据在不同分子之间的分子间的相互作用被讨论。

简介：5氟尿嘧啶(5-FU)举办许多反肿瘤活动，广泛地适用于癌症的治疗。然而，由于它的狭窄的治疗学的索引在临床的实践决定5-FU的血浆集中是必要的。因此，一个简单、经济、敏感的高效的液体层析(HPLC)方法在人的血浆为5-FU的决心被开发并且验证。乙醇醋酸盐被选择为抽取试剂。色析法的分离在DiamonsilC18列上被执行(250公里獲汥?楷桴琠敨愠獤牯瑰潩?慲楴?楷桴畯?敭桴湡汯

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简介：Alloymaterialshaveattractedincreasingattentionsbecausetheypossesssuperiorelectricalconductivitywhichcancontributetoexcellentelectrochemicalperformance.HereinadendriticNi3Calloymaterialhasbeenpreparedbythepyrolysisofnickelacetylacetonateemployingoleylamineasareductantand1-octadeceneoroctadecaneasthesolvent.Thecurrent–voltagecurvesindicatingthattheelectricalconductivityofNi3Cishigherthanthatofnickeloxide.Electrochemicaltestingindicatesthatahighspecificcapacityof390C/gisfoundinalkalineelectrolyteat0.5A/g,anddeliverexcellentratecharacteristicaswellascyclelife.Theexcellentelectrochemicalperformancemaybeattributedtoitshighelectricalconductivityanddendriticnanostructurethatcanpromotediffusionofelectrolyteions.Inaddition,theAC//Ni3Casymmetricsupercapacitorhasbeenassembledatacellvoltagesbetween0and1.6V,achievingamaximumenergydensityof37Wh/kg（atapowerdensityof0.3995kW/kg）,andthismanifeststhattheNi3Calloyisapromisingelectrodematerialforelectrochemicalenergystorage.

简介：AresearchonkineticsofAlevaporationfromliquidU—Alalloyswasmadeinavacuuminductionmelting（VIM）furnaceat1673—1843K.TheevaporationrateofAlwasfoundtobefirstorderwithrespecttoAlcontentinthemelt.TheoverallmasstransfercoefficientofAlwasdeterminedanditwasfoundthattheevaporationrateofAlincreasedwithincreasingtemperatures.TheapparentactivationenergyofAlevaporationat1673-1843Kwas171.5kJmol-1.ThevalueofmasstransfercoefficientofAlintheliquidphasewasestimatedtobe3.77×10-6,7.41×10-6,and9.40×10-6ms-1at1673,1753,and1843K,respectively.Meanwhile,ratedeterminingstepswerediscussedanditwasconcludedthattheevaporationrateofAlismainlycontrolledbyliquidphasemasstransfer.

简介：Theeffectofarcplasmaonelectrodeerosioninaliquidmetalcurrentlimiter(LMCL)isstudied.Basedonasimplifiedtwo-dimensionalmagnetohydrodynamicmodel,theelongatedGaInSnmetalvaporarcanditscontractionprocessinaliquidmetalcurrentlimiteraresimulated.Thedistributionsoftemperature,pressureandvelocityofthearcplasmaarecalculated.Thesimulationresultsindicatethattheelectrodeerosionismainlycausedbytwohightemperaturegasjetflowsarisingfromthepressuregradient,whichisaresultofthenon-uniformarctemperaturedistribution.Thegasflows,whichactasjetsontotheelectrodesurface,leadtotheevaporationoftheelectrodematerialformthesurface.Aredesignstructureoftheelectrodeisproposedandimplementedaccordingtotheanalysis,whichgreatlyincreasedtheservicelifeoftheelectrode.

简介：Gas-liquidcouplingoscillationisanovelapproachtoreducingtheresonantfrequencyandtoelevatingthepressureamplitudeofathermoacousticengine.Ifathermoacousticengineisusedtodrivelow-frequencypulsetuberefrigerators,thefrequencymatchingbetweenthethermoacousticengineandtherefrigeratorplaysanimportantrole.Basedonanacoustic-electricanalogy,alumpedparametermodelisproposedtoestimatetheresonantfrequencyofastanding-wavethermoacousticenginewithgas-liquidcouplingoscillation.Furthermore,asimplifiedlumpedparametermodelisalsodevelopedtoreducethecomputationcomplexity.Theresonantfrequencydependenceonthemeanpressure,thegasspacevolume,andthewatercolumnlengthiscomputedandanalyzed.Theimpactofdifferentworkinggasesontheresonantfrequencyisalsodiscussed.Theeffectivenessofthemodelsisvalidatedbycomparingthecomputedresultswiththeexperimentaldataofthegas-liquidcouplingoscillationsystem.Anincreaseinthemeanworkingpressurecanleadtoariseintheresonantfrequency,andalowerresonantfrequencycanbeachievedbyelongatingtheliquidcolumn.Incomparisonwithnitrogenandargon,carbondioxidecanrealizealowerfrequencyduetoasmallerspecificheatratio.