简介：目的探讨OSA-18量表评价儿童睡眠呼吸紊乱严重程度的价值。方法我科收治的疑似阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停低通气综合征（obstructivesleepapneahypopneasyndrome，OSAHS）儿童患者160例，均行多道睡眠描记术（polysomnography，PSG）监测。采用OSA-18评估患儿的生活质量。分析确诊为OSAHS患儿的呼吸暂停低通气指数（apneahypopneaindex，AHI）和最低血氧饱和度（10westoxygensaturation，LSaO2）与OSA-18评分的相关性。结果确诊OSAHS患者123例，单纯鼾症37例。OSAHS患者的OSA-18评分与AHI及LSaO2的相关系数分别为0．615和-0．496，P〈0．05。单纯鼾症及轻中度OSAHS患者各组间OSA-18中位数差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）；重度OSAHS患者OSA-18中位数为91．0，高于单纯鼾症及轻、中度OSAHS患者（OSA-18评分依次为64．0、76．0和87．0，P〈0．05）。以LSaO2为依据对OSAHS患者进行分组，发现无低氧血症组及轻、中度低氧血症患者各组间OSA-18中位数差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05），重度低氧血症患者OSA-18中位数为93．0，高于无低氧血症组及轻、中度低氧血症患者（OSA-18评分依次为69．0、81．0和89．0，P〈0．05）。结论OSA-18评分与PSG存在相关关系，在不同程度睡眠呼吸紊乱中有差异，可作为临床诊断儿童OSAHS的评价指标。（中国眼耳鼻喉科杂志，2011，11：19-21）

简介：AIM:Toevaluatechangesintheanteriorchamberdepth(ACD),crystallinelensthickness(LT)anditsrefractivepowerafterlaserinsitukeratomileusis(LASIK).·METHODS:Inallcases,thepreoperativeandpostoperativecentralACDwhichweremeasuredwithPentacam,Orbscan,IOL-MasterandA-scanultrasonography,centralcornealtruenetpowerwhichwasmeasuredwiththePentacam,OrbscanandIOL-Master,axiallength(AL)whichwasmeasuredwithIOL-MasterandLTwhichwasmeasuredwiththeA-scanultrasonographywerecomparedusingthepairedsamplettest.OcularrefractiveerrorsandlensrefractivepoweratcornealplanewerecalculatedandtheircorrelationswerealsoevaluatedbeforeandafterLASIK.RESULTS:At1weekafterLASIK,LTandcrystallinelensrefractivepoweratcornealplane(Dlens)whichwereassociatedwiththeIOL-MasterandPentacamincreasedsignificantly(P≤0.005),ACDdecreasedsignificantly(P≤0.001),butnosignificantincreasewasobservedintheDlenswhichwasassociatedwiththeOrbscan(P=0.261).SignificantcorrelationsbetweenthechangesintheocularrefractiveerrorsandDlenswhichwereassociatedwiththePentacamwereobservedat1weekand6monthsafterLASIK(P=0.028;P=0.001).CONCLUSION:LTincreasedsignificantlyafterLASIK,andthismightpartiallyleadtoACDdecrease,Dlensincreaseandasmallquantityofmyopicregression.

简介：白内障是目前世界上最主要的致盲原因，也是我国最重要的致盲原因，白内障摘除是治疗白内障的唯一有效方法。然而由于各种原因，我国白内障手术率（CSR）远低于发达国家甚至某些发展中国家。对基层医院的眼科医师和年轻医师进行恰当的白内障手术规范化培训是提高我国CSR的关键之一。

简介：AIM:Todescribethecharacteristicsofmodulationtransferfunction(MTF)ofanteriorcornealsurface,andobtainthethenormalreferencerangeofMTFatdifferentspatialfrequenciesandopticalzonesoftheanteriorcornealsurfaceinmyopes.·METHODS:Fourhundredeyesfrom200patientswereexaminedunderSIRIUScornealtopographysystem.PhoenisanalysissoftwarewasappliedtosimulatetheMTFcurvesofanteriorcornealsurfaceatverticalandhorizontalmeridiansatthe3,4,5,6,7mmopticalzonesofcornea.TheMTFvaluesatspatialfrequenciesof5,10,15,20,25,30,35,40,45,50,55and60cycles/degree(c/d)wereselected.·RESULTS:TheMTFcurveofanteriorcornealsurfacedecreasedrapidlyfromlowtointermediatefrequency(0-15cpd)atvariousopticalzonesofcornea,thevaluedecreasedto0slowlyathigherfrequency(>15cpd).Withtheincreaseoftheopticalzonesofcornea,MTFcurvedecreasedgradually.3)Intherangeof3mm-6mmopticalzonesofthecornea,theMTFvaluesmeasuredathorizontalmeridianweregreaterthanthecorrespondingvaluesathorizontalmeridianofeachspatialfrequency,thedifferencewasstatisticallysignificant(P<0.05).At7mmopticalzonesofcornea,theMTFvaluesmeasuredathorizontalmeridianwerelessthanthecorrespondingvaluesatverticalmeridianat10-60spatialfrequencies(cpd),andthedifferencewasstatisticallysignificantin25,30,35,40,45,50cpd(P<0.05).·CONCLUSION:MTFcanbeusedtodescribetheimagingqualityofopticalsystemsatanteriorcornealsurfaceobjectivelyindetail.

简介：间歇性外斜视（intermittentexotropia,IXT,X（T））是介于隐性斜视与显性斜视之间的一种过渡型斜视。在各类共同性外斜视中占第一位。间歇性外斜视发病原因主要是集合和分开功能之间平衡失调,集合功能不足以及融合功能低下引起。平均发病年龄岁,女性多发。斜视角随注视距离、注意4力强弱、视力疲劳状态在正位与外斜视间变动。

简介：在瞬息万变的信息化社会里,加强医学生创新能力的培养是适应医学发展的必要条件。本文结合眼科学的特点,初步探讨在眼科教学活动中医学生创新能力培养所存在的问题和解决方案,为提高医学生的创新能力,更好的服务临床提供帮助。