简介：Abstract5033farmerswereinterviewedtoparticipateinaclustersamplingsurveyonfactorsrelatedtotheHIV/AIDSepidemicinoneruralareainChina.Theresultsshowedthatfemalesattendedschoolforashortertimethanmales,maleshadahigherawarenessofHIV/AIDSandheldmorepositiveattitudestowardPLWHAs.Nearlyequalpercentagesofmenandwomenintheareasurveyed,soldblood.Elevenpercentmorementhanwomenhadahistoryofmigration.Condomusewasquitelowamongthesexuallyactivepopulationsurveyed.ResultsindicatedthataneducationcampaignonHIV/AIDSpreventioninruralareasshouldintegrategenderperspectivesandensurethattheinterventioncoverswomen.Futureinterventionsshouldbedesignedtotargetmaleandfemalemigration,andshouldfocusonmodifyingtheperceptionsofsocialnormsgoverninggenderrolesinadditiontoprovidingHIVpreventioninformationinordertocontaintheHIV/AIDSepidemicatitscurrentstageinChina.

简介：Objectives:TofindoutthelevelandfunctionsofChlamydiatrachomatisheatshockprotein(C-hsp60)antibody,anti-spermantibody(ASAb),interleukin1(IL-1),interleukin6(IL-6),interleukin8(IL-8),Tumornecrosisfactoralpha(TNF-α)andγ-interferon(IFN-γ/)inpatientswithCT-relatedinfertility.Methods:CT-DNAofcervicalsecretionswasdetectedthroughpolymerasechainreaction(PCR)andmigrationinhibitingfactor(MIF)wasemployedtomeasureIgGtitreofCTMOMPantibody.WesternblotwasusedtodeterminepresenceofC-hsp60antibodyandenzyme-linkedimmunoadsorbentassay(ELISA)measuredASAbofIgGtypeinbloodserumanddeterminethecontentofIL-1,IL-6,IL-8.TNF-u,IFN-7inuterinetubefluid.Results:68patientshadpositiveCT-DNA,amongwhich57(83.8%)hadC-hsp60antibody.Amongthe172patientswithnegativeCT-DNA,64patients(37.2%)alsohadC-hsp60Antibody.Therewasasignificantdifference(P<0.01)betweeninfertilepatientsandcontrolgrouppatientsinthepresenceofASAb.InfertilepatientswithpositiveCT-DNAhadhigherlevelsofIL-1.IL-6.IL-8,TNF-u,IFN-7inuterinetubefluidcomparedtocontrolgrouppatients(P<0.01).Conclusion:Firstly,thosepatientswithnegativeCTtestingfromcervicalsecretionscannotberuledoutforCTinfectionindeeppartsofthebody(suchasoviduct,pelvickidney).DetectionofC-hsp60AntibodymayhelptodiagnosesuchcasesofCT.Secondly,CTinfectionoftheoviductcanraiselevelsofIL-1、IL-6、IL-8、TNF-α、N-γ.ThepathogenesisofinfertilitycausedbyCTinfectioninthereproductivetractmayberelatedtocytokineproductionandinflammatoryresponsesmediatedbyC-hsp60Antibody,IL-1,IL-6,IL-8,TNF-αandIFN-γ.

简介：Objectives:ToprovidereferencesforHIV/AIDS-re-latedhealtheducationstrategiesthroughsurveyonHIV/AIDS-relatedknowledge,attitudeanddetermi-nantsofHIV/AIDSawareness.Methods:Thestudysubjectswereselectedbyran-dominterceptioninadowntownstreetofGuangzhoucityonWorldAIDSDay-December1,2002.Theuni-formquestionnaireswerefinishedbymeansofself-administration.Results:Twohundredquestionnairesweredistrib-utedand147qualifiedquestionnaireswerecollected.Theresultsshowed,theawarenessrateofHIV/AIDS-relatedknowledgewas63.3%,andawarenessrateoftransmissionrouteswas76.2%,whilstnon-transmis-sionroutewas60.5%;theawarenessrateoftrans-missionwas59.2%;theawarenessrateofpreventionwas47.0%;thepositiveattitudetopeoplelivingwithHIV/AIDSwas65.6%.MultiplevariableLogisticre-gressionanalysisshowedthedeterminantsofHIV/AIDS-relatedknowledgewereeducationlevel,age,maritalstatusandgender,ofwhichpeoplewithhighlevelofeducation,youngageandthegroupofmaleandmarriedhadbetterawarenessofHIV/AIDS.Conclusion:CurrentHIV/AIDS-relatedknowledgeofurbanresidentsisrelativlylow,especiallyforthenon-transmissionroute,hencefurtherHIV/AIDS-re-latededucationshouldbestrengthened,especiallyfo-cusingonnon-transmissionroutetoeliminatedis-criminationoverpeoplelivingwithHIV/AIDS.Further,educationeffortsalsoshouldbeputonfe-malepopulation,unmarriedpopulationandpoorlyedu-catedpopulation.

简介：Objective:TounderstandtheHIV/AIDS-relatedknowledge,attitudesandbehaviors(KAB)amongimmigrantfemalefactoryworkers(IFFW).Methods:Across-sectionalstudywasconductedamongIFFWssampledfromseveraljoint-ventureandprivatefactoriesinDongguancity.Results:Outof175sampledworkers,165qualifiedforinclusionandthemedianagewas22.TheresultsshowedthattheIFFWshadlowlevelsofknowledgeaboutHIV/AIDS,andheldmanymisconceptions.Thirtythreeof76(43.4%)unmarriedIFFWshadpremaritalsexualcontact,andmorethanhalfofthesecontactswereone-nightstands(54.5%).Morethanonequarterofthewomen(25.9%)neverusedcondoms,49.4%sometimesusedcondomsand24.7%usedcondomseverytime.Twenty-eightwomen(31.8%)hadaninducedabortionbecauseofanunexpectedpregnancy.Fourteen(14.9%)hadbeeninfectedwithSTDs,andfourIFFWs(2.8%)hadtrieddrugsbeforetheinterview.Conclusion:InordertoempowertheIFFWsinthecitytoprotectthemselvesfromHIV,andtocontaintherapidspreadofHIVinourprovince,targetedHIV/AIDShealthpromotionprogramsshouldbeurgentlyimplementedamongIFFWsinDongguancity.TheprogramsshouldbedesignedtoimprovetheknowledgeofHIV,topromotecondomuse,andtoreduceriskybehaviors.

简介：Objective:TocomparetheHIV/AIDSrelatedknowledge,attitudesandpratices(KAP)amongthecommercialsexworkers(CSWs)withthatoftheirclientsinShenzhen.Methods:Atotalof124femaleCSWsand155men,detainedforsellingorpurchasingsexualservices,wereinterviewedusingastructuredquestionnaire.Results:CSWsscoredhigherthantheirclientsonAIDS/HIVknowledgescores,thoughthedifferencewasnotsignificantandbothgroupsonlyscorednear50%.""Almostalways""condomuseratesweresignificantlyhigherforCSWs.MostofthewomenbutfewermenknewcondomusecouldpreventHIV/AIDSinfection.Themainreasonfornotusingcondomsamongthewomenwastheunwillingnessoftheircustomers.AhigherproportionoftheCSWs(9.7%)thanmen(2.6%)hadeverusedillegaldrugs.Themeanageoffirstsexualintercourse(18.2±2.1)andfirstcommercialsex(20.2±3.9)amongtheCSWswerelowerthanthatofthemen(22.2±0.3and27.1±0.6,respectively).Conclusion:NewhealtheducationprogramspromotingcondomuseshouldbedevelopedtoraiseawarenessaboutHIV/AIDS,particularlyamongmen.CSWsandclientsarehigh-riskgroupsforHIV/AIDSinfectionandtransmission.

简介：Objectives:TodescribeandanalyzeHIV/AIDS/STD-relatedhighriskbehaviorsandaffectingfactorsofmenwhohavesexwithmen(MSM)inmainlandChina~Methods:426self-administeredorinterview-basedquestionnairescollectedfromMSMwereanalyzedwithSPSSorSASSystems.Results:OftheMSM,four-fifthshadengagedinoral-genitalintercourse,abouthalfhadengagedinanalintercourse,andinthepastyearmorethantwo-fifthshadcasualsexualpartner(s).Veryfewmaintainedmonogamoussexualrelationships,andnearlyhalfalsohadintercoursewithwomen.Onefourthhadpreviouslybeendiagnosedwithavenerealdiseases.OneHIV+individualwasfoundamongthe40whoreportedhavingbeentestedforHIV.Onlytwomenconsistentlyusedcondomsamongtheone-thirdwhohadeverusedcondoms,despitealmostuniversalknowledgeofHIVanditstransmission.Conclusions:MSMinmainlandChinaareverysexuallyactive,highlightingthepossibilityofaseriousHIVepidemicthatmaybedirectlyspreadtothefemalepopulation.However,AIDSinterventionstargetingMSMfacesevereobstructionsresultingfromculturalbiasandotherfactors.