简介:Astheexplorationandexploitationofoilandgasproliferatethroughoutdeepwaterarea,therequirementsonthereliabilityofdynamicpositioningsystembecomeincreasinglystringent.Thecontrolobjectiveensuringsafetyoperationatdeepwaterwillnotbemetbyasinglecontrollerfordynamicpositioning.Inordertoincreasetheavailabilityandreliabilityofdynamicpositioningcontrolsystem,thetripleredundancyhardwareandsoftwarecontrolarchitecturesweredesignedanddevelopedaccordingtothesafespecificationsofDP-3classificationnotationfordynamicallypositionedshipsandrigs.Thehardwareredundantconfigurationtakestheformoftriple-redundanthotstandbyconfigurationincludingthreeidenticaloperatorstationsandthreereal-timecontrolcomputerswhichconnecteachotherthroughdualnetworks.Thefunctionofmotioncontrolandredundancymanagementofcontrolcomputerswereimplementedbysoftwareonthereal-timeoperatingsystemVxWorks.Thesoftwarerealizationoftaskloosesynchronization,majorityvotingandfaultdetectionwerepresentedindetails.Ahierarchicalsoftwarearchitecturewasplanedduringthedevelopmentofsoftware,consistingofapplicationlayer,real-timelayerandphysicallayer.ThebehavioroftheDP-3dynamicpositioningcontrolsystemwasmodeledbyaMarkovmodeltoanalyzeitsreliability.Theeffectsofvariationinparametersonthereliabilitymeasureswereinvestigated.Thetimedomaindynamicsimulationwascarriedoutonadeepwaterdrillingrigtoprovethefeasibilityoftheproposedcontrolarchitecture.
简介:依据《中华人民共和国测绘法》、《测绘资格审查认证管理规定》和《(测绘资格证书)分级标准》,经测绘单位申请,各市(地)测绘管理办公室初审(含房产测绘业务范围的申请单位经省建设厅初审),山西省测绘局批准,2003年度全省共38家单位取得《测绘资格证书》、6家单位进行测绘资格等级升级。
简介:Theresearchworkhasbeenseldomdoneaboutcloverleafjunctionexpressionina3-dimensionalcitymodel(3DCM).Themainreasonisthatthecloverleafjunctionisofteninacomplexandenormousconstruction.Itsmainbodyisbestraddleinair,andhasaerialintersectionsbetweenitsparts.Thiscomplexfeaturemadecloverleafjunctionquitedifferentfrombuildingsandterrain,therefore,itisdifficulttoexpressthiskindofspatialobjectsinthesamewayasforbuildingsandterrain.Inthispaper,authorsanalyzespatialcharacteristicsofcloverleafjunction,proposeanall-constraintpointsTINalgorithmtopartitioncloverleafjunctionroadsurface,anddevelopamethodtovisualizecloverleafjunctionroadsurfaceusingTIN.Inordertomanagecloverleafjunctiondataefficiently,theauthorsalsoanalyzedthemechanismof3DCMdatamanagement,extendedBLOBtypeinrelationaldatabase,andcombinedR-treeindextomanage3Dspatialdata.Basedonthisextension,anappropriatedatastructur
简介:1INTRODUCTIONReservoirsedimentationisrecognizedasoneofthemainproblemsafectingtheeconomicsofmanywaterresourcesprojects.Manmad...
简介:1999年完成了埃及苏伊士湾0ctoberJNubia油藏的多学科深入研究。虽然与苏伊士湾石油公司的其它油田相比,Nubia油田较小(只有7口工作井,原始石油地质储量为1.32亿bbl),但是,这项研究工作证明是很有价值的,找出了3个开发远景区块,对它们均巳钻开发井,日产油量增加6000bbl,石油储量增加660万bb1。多学科研究组建立了一个综合3—D可视化油藏特性模型,该模型是了解油藏体积和动态的优秀模型。它为在3—D背景下了解流体穿过断层运移的特征提供了所需工具。构造分析从重新解释全油田3—D地震数据集开始。然后往构造模型中输入岩石物理参数,以便生成油藏特性模型。大范围的油藏动态制图,也有助于我们了解油藏内的流体流动状况和识别未波及产层的面积。例如,对14个油组绘制的含水率图有助于确定水浸的主要通道。该油藏为一个倾斜断块,面积为750英亩。产层为石炭纪Nubia砂岩,平均产层总厚度为600ft,产层有效厚度为357ft,孔隙度为23%,渗透率在lD范围之内。这个油田具有相当强的天然水驱,这有助于保持油藏压力高于泡点压力。即使据预测该油藏中的原始石油地质储量的采出程度巳达到48%,但是通过开展3—D油藏描述和油藏管理研究,找出了3个水区波及效果差的区块。据估算,对3个远景区块进行钻探,可增采900万bbl风险加权储量。此外,详细的油层动态分析有助于确定现有井的射孔和波及作业方案,由此可增采300万bbl原油。所建立的油藏特性模型和所编制的油藏开发方案对在今后几年里管理该油藏是大有稗益的。
简介:TheseismicwaveformoftheYutianMS7.3earthquake,XinjiangonFebruary12,2014wasrecordedclearlyandcompletelybytheDigitalSeismicNetworksofXinjiang,Qinghai,Tibet,andXinjiangHotanarray,sothemethodofjointlocationbyregionalseismicnetworkandseismicarraycanbeusedtoaccuratelydeterminetheearthquakesourcelocation.Thefollowingtechnologieswereusedintheprocessoflocation:(1)WeselectedseismicstationsequallylocatedaroundtheepicenteroftheMS7.3earthquakewithanaverageintervalofabout15degreesintheinitiallocation.(2)TherecordingwaveformsofYutianseismicstationwererotatedtotheradialandtangentialdirectionstopreciselyobtainthearrivaltimeofS-wavestodeterminetheepicentraldistance.(3)Thevelocitymodelwasusedinthedeterminationoflocationoftheepicenter,basedonthehistoricalrecordsofearthquakesintheareawithinaradiusof1.0°fromthesourceasthecenter,andthevelocitymodelisobtainedafterre-fittingandcalibration.(4)BasedonthewaveformrecordsoftheHotanseismicarray,themethodofwaveformbeamingwasusedtodeterminetheazimuthsandperformthecorrectionoftheepicenterlocationwiththeseazimuths.(5)Thedeterministicmethodwasusedtomeasurethesourcedepth.Finally,itisconcludedthattheYutianMS7.3mainshockhypocenterlocationis36.197°N,82.467°E,focaldepth12kmandoriginaltime17:19:48.2p.m.February12,2014.
简介:摘要; G3i仪器已经在地震勘探市场使用多年,仪器操作员积累了很多 G3i仪器的操作经验和技巧.这些实践经验和操作技巧的应用能够提高地震仪器的工作效率。本文主要探讨了 G3i仪器在地震勘探采集施工中的几个应用技巧,这些操作技巧的应用能够使得地震仪器操作变得更加高效、简单。
简介:单细胞淡水绿藻—雨生红球藻能够在一定条件积累一种次生类胡萝卜素—虾青素,因而在生长后期藻体变为深红色。其中,IPP异构酶在雨生红球藻中的虾青素合成过程中发挥了重要作用。在本研究中,我们首次通过基因组上游步移克隆到了雨生红球藻中IPP异构酶基因的两个不同5’上游侧翼序列,大小分别是1.8kb和2.5kb。利用生物信息学方法分别对这两个不同5′上游侧翼序列进行了序列分析,结果发现,二者具有某些相同的顺式作用元件,如可能的脱落酸反应元件(ABRE)、干燥或低温反应元件(DRE/C-repeat)、几种光反应元件(G-box,GAG-motif,I-boxandATC-motif)、热激反应元件(HSE)、机械伤害反应元件(WUN-motif)、水杨酸反应元件(TCA-element)、生长素反应元件(TGA-element)、茉莉酸甲酯反应元件(TGACG-element)、缺氧特异反应中的增强子类似元件(GC-motif)和反式作用因子MYB蛋白的结合位点(MBSandMRE),但是二者并不具有典型的TATA框和CCAAT框。上述研究预示了雨生红球藻虾青素合成中IPP异构酶基因转录调控方式的多样化。更多还原