简介：这篇论文的目的是在3-dimensional上在equivariant操作之中学习关系小的封面。作者为这些操作得到三个公式。作为应用，在面向的3-dimensional的构造的Nishimura鈥檚定理在所有3-dimensional的构造的小封面和L眉-于鈥檚定理小封面被改进。而且为3-dimensional2花托manifolds的构造，它被看那，所有操作能被使用equivariant手术获得。关键词Equivariant外科-有限的组行动-小盖子-3-dimensional歧管-3-dimensional简单polytope2000苏布杰克特先生分类57M50-57M60-57S17-52B10工程由复旦大学支持了，通过朝鲜(NRF)的国家研究基金会的Fujyukai基金会和基本科学研究节目由教育部资助了，科技(号码2009-0063179)。

简介：<正>LetCbeann-dimensionalspherewithdiameter1andcenterattheorigininEn.Theview-obstructionproblemforn-dimensionalspheresistodetermineaconstantv（n）tobethelowerboundofthoseαforwhichanyhalf-lineL,givenbyxi=ait（i=1,2,...,n）whereparametert≥0andai（i=1,2,...,n）arepositiverealnumbers,intersectsΔ（C,α）={αC+（m1+（1/2）,m2+（1/2）,…,mn+（1/2））:m1,m2,…mnnonnegativeintegers}.Inthispaper,forn=3,thefollowingresultisproved.Forα>1/51/2wehavethatanyhalf-lineL,givenbyxi=ait（i=1,2,3）,intersectsΔ（C,α）,whereparametert≥0andai（i=1,2,3）arepositiverealnumberssuchthat|a|+|b|+|c|≠3wheneveraa1+ba2+ca3=0forthreeintegersa,b,c.

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简介：Basedonthegeneralconservationlawsincontinuummechanics,theEulerianandLagrangiandescriptionsofthejumpconditionsofshockwavesin3-dimensionalsolidswerepresentedrespectively.Theimplicationofthejumpconditionsandtheirrelationsbetweeneachother,particularlytherelationbetweenthemassconservationandthedisplacementcontinuity,werediscussed.Meanwhiletheshockwaveresponsecurvesin3-dimensionalsolids,i.e.theHugoniotcurveswereanalysed,whichprovidethefoundationforstudyingthecouplingeffectsofshockwavesin3-dimensionalsolids.

简介：Theresearchworkhasbeenseldomdoneaboutcloverleafjunctionexpressionina3-dimensionalcitymodel(3DCM).Themainreasonisthatthecloverleafjunctionisofteninacomplexandenormousconstruction.Itsmainbodyisbestraddleinair,andhasaerialintersectionsbetweenitsparts.Thiscomplexfeaturemadecloverleafjunctionquitedifferentfrombuildingsandterrain,therefore,itisdifficulttoexpressthiskindofspatialobjectsinthesamewayasforbuildingsandterrain.Inthispaper,authorsanalyzespatialcharacteristicsofcloverleafjunction,proposeanall-constraintpointsTINalgorithmtopartitioncloverleafjunctionroadsurface,anddevelopamethodtovisualizecloverleafjunctionroadsurfaceusingTIN.Inordertomanagecloverleafjunctiondataefficiently,theauthorsalsoanalyzedthemechanismof3DCMdatamanagement,extendedBLOBtypeinrelationaldatabase,andcombinedR-treeindextomanage3Dspatialdata.Basedonthisextension,anappropriatedatastructur

简介：这份报纸使描述有弹性的字符串的一个3-dimensional网络的颤动的非线性的波浪方程的一个系统担心。作者导出方程和适当节的条件，决定平衡解决方案，并且，由使用quasilinear的方法夸张系统，证明那因为树联网天赋起始，边界值问题有古典解决方案在拉长的平衡解决方案的邻居存在。然后，这的本地可控制性近联网在某个指定时间间隔的配置被证明的如此的平衡。最后，它被证明那，给二不同平衡状态令人满意某些条件，在足够地大的时间间隔上在第二平衡的一位合适的邻居在一平衡的一位足够小的邻居从状态控制网络到任何状态是可能的。

简介：Thisarticleisconcernedwithsecond-ordernecessaryandsufficientoptimalityconditionsforoptimalcontrolproblemsgovernedby3-dimensionalNavier-Stokesequations.Theperiodicstateconstraintisconsidered.

简介：Objective:Tostudythefeasibilityofmulti-slicespiralcomputedtomography(MSCT)3-dimensionalreconstruc-tiontechniqueinassistingcervicalpediclescrewfixation(PSF)anddouble-doorlaminoplastytotreatmulti-segmen-taldegenerativespinalstenosiswithtraumaticinstability(MDSTI)oflowercervicalspine.Methods:FromSeptember2006toAugust2007,PSFcombinedwithdouble-doorlaminoplastywasperformedin9patientswithMDSTIoflowercervicalspine.MSCT3-dimensionalreconstructiontechniques,includingvolumerendering(VR)andmulti-planarreconstruction(MPR),wereusedtoassistpreoperativediagnosisandmeasurementtoguidetheprocedure.MPRwasperformedafteroperation.Incoronalview,thedegreeofscrewperforationwasmea-suredpreciselyandthedifferentpositionsofpediclescrewsweredividedintothreegradesaccordingtoRichter'smethod.Inaxialview,thecanalsagittaldiameterandtrans-verseareaofeverylaminoplastylevelweremeasured.Results:NinepatientswithMDSTIoflowercervicalspineunderwentPSF(total44screws).AccordingtotheclassificationofRichter,72.7%(32/44)wasinGrade1and27.3%(12/44)wasinGrade2.NoscrewperforationoccurredinGrade3andnoscrewrevisionwasdoneformisplacement.Noiatrogenicdamagewasobserved.Double-doorlaminoplastywasperformedintotal42volumes.Thepost-operativesagittaldiameterandtransverseareaofcervicalspinalcanalweresignificantlyincreased(P<0.05).Theconfi-denceintervalsofmeanincreasedratiowere23.43%-40.65%insagittaldiameterand23.18%-42.07%intransversearea.Sixmonthsafterlaminoplasty,basedonMSCTaxialview,completeunionbetween"opendoor"andallograftbonewasobtainedin76.19%ofvolumes(32/42),andallograftbonewasabsorbedpartlyin23.81%(10/42).Asolidunioninbilateralgutterswasachievedinallcases.Theywerefollowedupfrom6monthsto1year(mean7.8months).Post-operativeneuralfunctionrecoveryintwocasesimproved2ASIAgrade,5casesi

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简介：让(u?弈吗？？

简介：我们为象一个维的p拉普拉斯算符那样的操作符考虑一个三点的边界值问题，并且显示出他们什么时候，并且多少有解决方案。反的操作员被包含零一真实值的功能的各种各样的公式给。他们被显示保存顺序，为为其它珍视的一些参数值，和非单条。操作符被显示在连续函数的空格m消散。关键词边界价值问题-非线性的o.d.e.s-p拉普拉斯算符-三点的边界价值问题-m消散的先生(2000)题目分类34B15-34L30-47H06

简介：Basedontheextendedmappingdeformationmethodandsymboliccomputation,manyexacttravellingwavesolutionsarefoundforthe(3+1)-dimensionalJMequationandthe(3+1)-dimensionalKPequation.Theobtainedsolutionsincludesolitarysolution,periodicwavesolution,rationaltravellingwavesolution,andJacobianandWeierstrassfunctionsolution,etc.

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简介：Overpotential:ηThechangeofthechemicalpotentialforsolidphasesisequaltozeroasZnandZnOareconsideredassingle-componentmaterials.BycombiningtheOhm’slawinthematrixphaseandthechemicalpotentialinthesolutionphase,theoverpotentialfortheanodecanbewrittenas

简介：BasedontheGrammianandPfaffianderivativeformulae,GrammianandPfaffiansolutionsareobtainedfora(3+1)-dimensionalgeneralizedshallowwaterequationintheHirotabilinearform.Moreover,aPfaffianextensionismadefortheequationbymeansofthePfaffianizationprocedure,theWronski-typeandGramm-typePfaffiansolutionsoftheresultingcoupledsystemarepresented.

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简介：Wehavestudiedthetwo-andthree-photonabsorption(2PAand3PA)propertiesofMn-dopedCsPbCl3twodimensionalnanoplatelets(2DNPs)andcubicnanocrystals.Comparedwiththeircubiccounterparts,theMn-doped2DNPsexhibitstrongerquantumconfinementeffectsthatcanmoreefficientlyenhancetheirdopantcarrierexchangeinteractionsandmultiphotonabsorption.Morespecifically,themaximumvolume-normalized2PAand3PAcrosssectionsofthe2DNPswere6.8and7.2timesgreaterthanthoseoftheircubiccounterparts,respectively,reachingupto1237GM∕nm3inthevisiblelightbandand2.24×10-78cm6·s2·photon-2∕nm3inthesecondbiologicalwindow,respectively.

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