简介:InJuly2005,thePeople'sBankofChinaof-ficiallyannouncedthatitwouldadoptaman-ageablefloatingexchangerate,adjustedac-cordingtoabasketofcurrenciesbasedonmarketsupplyanddemand.Onthatday,theexchangerateoftheRMBtotheU.S.Dollarincreasedby21percent,andsincethentheRMBexchangeratehasgraduallyturnedtoamoreflexibleex-changerateconvention,ratherthanfocusingon
简介:Thedualrandommodelsaboutthelifeinsuranceandsocialpensioninsurancehavereceivedconsiderableattentionintherecentarticlesonactuarialtheoryandapplications.Thispaperdiscussesageneralkindofincreasingannuitybasedonitsforceofinterestaccumulationfunctionasageneralrandomprocess.Thedualrandommodelofthepresentvalueofthebenefitsoftheincreasingannuityhasbeenset,andtheirmomentshavebeencalculatedundercertainconditions.
简介:一张标记的图是订的对(G,L)由图G和它的标记的L组成:V(G)鈫?{1,2,鈥?n},在此n=|V(G)|。在一张标记的图的一条增加的nonconsecutive路径(G,L)任何一个是一条路径(u1,u2,鈥?uk)(k鈮?2)在G以便L(ui)+为所有i=的2鈮?L(ui+1)1,2,鈥?k?1或顺序1的一条路径。增加nonconsecutive路径在的全部的数字(G,L)被d表示(G,L)。如果标记的L生产最大的d,标记的L是最佳的(G,L)。在这份报纸,在Zverovich(2004)的比那简单的一个方法被给获得路径的最佳的标记。象周期和星那样的另外的特殊的图的最佳的标记被获得。
简介:TheASEANwouldbe'themaindestinationofChina'sgrowingoverseasinvestmentinfuture',theChinese-IndonesianbillionairesaidattheChina-ASEANExpoinNanning.ASEANmemberstateshaveinvestedatotalofUS$41.9billioninChinasincethecountrybeganitreformandopen-updriveinlate1978,accordingtostatisticsfromtheChineseMinistryofCommerce.
简介:AnewLDMOSTstructure,namedB-LDMOSTthathasaburiedlayerunderthedrainisproposed.Theburiedlayerisnotconnectedtothedriftregion,soitcanoptimizetheverticalfielddistributionandincreasebreakdownvoltage.TheanalysisandthesimulatedresultsshowthatB-LDMOSTcanincreasebreakdownvoltage,withalmostnegligibleinfluenceontheotherparameterssuchason-resistance,switchingtime,andsoon.
简介:Aneverincreasingnumberofcomputersystems-mainlyPCs-requireelaboratedmanagementstrategiesandtools.InthecontributiontoCHEP'01wewillpresentanddiscussnewconceptsanddevelopmentsconcerningdirectoryservicesandassetmanagement,Wewillinparticularreportonfirstexperienceswithsystemscurrentlybeingimplemented.
简介:ObjectivesPlasmauricacid(UA)concentrationwassuspectedtoelevateinelderlywithischemiccardiomyopathy(ICM).MethodsWeanalyzedthedataof235elderlyaged60yearsandolderwithcoronaryheartdisease:silentmyocardialischemiaoranginapectorisconfirmedbyangiography.Amongthesepatients,154hadICMdefinedasleftventricularend-diastolicdiameter(LVDd)male>55mm,female>50mm(mean:63.51±7.70mm)measuredbyechocardiography.DifferenceinUAwasanalyzedbetweenpatientswithandwithoutICM.ResultsTherewassignificantincreaseofUAinICMcomparedwithnon-ICM(432.82±143.05umol/Lvs361.06±137.35umol/L,P<0.05);andUAwaspositivelyrelatedtoLVDd(r=0.25,P<0.05).ConclusionsTherewassignificantincreaseofUAinelderlywithICMduetolongtermsilentmyocardialischemiaandanginapectoris.Moreover,UAwaspositivelyrelatedtoLVDd.
简介:CreativityandinnovationinEnglishlanguageteaching(ELT)arefrequentlydiscussedanddebated.RecentlytheMinistryofEducation(MOE)ofChinahasurgedthedevelopmentofasystem,whichen-hancescreativeabilityinstudentsatalllevels.Hawaii’sEast-WestCenterincollaborationwiththeOhanaFoundationimplementedaneducationalre-searchactivitydesignedtoassessthecurrentneedsandbestpracticesforEnglishlanguageteachingandlearn-ingatthemiddleschoollevelinChina.TheprojectfocusedonincreasingcreativityandinnovationinEnglishlanguageeducationandusedcasestudiesofsuccessfulEnglishlanguageteaching/learningastheunitofanalysis.ResearchersfrombothChinaandtheUnitedStateswereinvolvedwiththeanalysisandmaderec-ommendationsforimplementinginnovativeapproach-estoEnglishlanguageinstructionandonhowtoin-creasecreativityinteachertraining,curriculumde-velopment,andtheuseofappropriatetechnology.
简介:Theobjectofthispaperistostudythenon-tangentialincreasingpropertiesofpositiveharmonicfunctionuinLipschitzdomainbymeansofMartinrepresentationtheory,Anecessaryandsufficientconditionofthecontrolofgrowthofunearanyfixedboundarypointisobtained.Itisshownthatthenon-tangentialincreasingdegreeofunearaboundarypointisexactlythelocaldegreeofitsrepresentationmeasurewithrespecttotheharmonicmeasure.Someexanlplesaregiven.
简介:Amulti-agentmodelispresentedtodiscussthemarketdynamicsandthesizedistributionoffirms.Themodelemphasizestheeffectsofincreasingreturnstoscaleandgivesthedescriptionofthebornanddeathofadaptiveproducers.Theevolutionofmarketstructureanditsbehaviorunderthetechnologicalshocksareinvestigated.Itsdynamicalresultsareingoodagreementwithsomeempirical"stylizedfacts"ofindustrialevolution.Withthediversityofdemandandadaptivegrowthstrategiesoffirms,thefirmsizeinthegeneralizedmodelobeysthepower-lawdistribution.Threefactorsmainlydeterminethecompetitivedynamicsandtheskewedsizedistributionsoffirms:1.Self-reinforcingmechanism;2.Adaptivefirmgrowingstrategies;3.Demanddiversityorwidespreadheterogeneityinthetechnologicalcapabilitiesoffirms.
简介:ThisworkisaimedtorigorouslymanagevoltagesaturationandmaximumcurrentconstraintsinShuntActiveFilters.Inthisrespect,assuming'unconstrained'controlalgorithmshavealreadybeendefinedtoachievestandardobjectivesforsuchdevices(i.e.currenttrackingforharmoniccompensationandDC-busvoltageboundness),aplug-inunit,orientedtoextendthesystemoperatingregionandatthesametimepreservinggoodperformanceunderlargetransientsandoverloadconditions,ispresented.Thissolutionallowstoimproveavailability,robustnessandcomposabilityofShuntActiveFilters,whichareexpectedtobekeyfeaturesinpresentandnextgenerationcomplexandpossibly'smart'powergrids.Theproposedunitiscomposedbytwoparts.First,asuitableanti-windupstrategyisdefinedinordertodealwithcontrolinputsaturation.Itsmainpurposeistopreservetheoriginal'unconstrainederrordynamics',infaceofinputsaturation,whileguaranteeinglowcomputationalburdenandreducedperformanceimpairment(thelattergoal,inharmoniccompensationcontext,leadstorathernon-standardproblemformulation).Tothisaim,theanti-windupactsonthecurrentreferencesthroughasuitably-designedadditionaldynamics.Then,inordertocopewithcurrentlimitations,anadditionalstrategyhasbeendesigned;againthecurrentreferencesissuitablyshapedtocomplywiththefeaturesandboundsofthesystem,augmentedwiththeabove-mentionedanti-windupsolution.TheproposedschemecanbesimplyjoinedtoanykindofunconstrainedcontrolleradoptedtosteerShuntActiveFilters.Inthiswork,anInternal-Model-basedcurrentcontrollerisadoptedasabenchmarkcase.Theproposedapproachisvalidatethroughextensivesimulationtests.
简介:1.IntroductionForanyonepayingattention,thisisadisruptivetimeinscienceingeneralandinhealthpromotionscienceinparticular.Obesityisthemostprevalentnutrition-relatedhealthproblemaroundtheglobe.Theissueofwhether,asiscommonlythought,obesityiscausativeofearlymortalityorwhetheritisonlyamarkerofriskhasbeenraised.Thelackofsubstantialandmaintainedchangeinchildobesitypreventionhasbeenrecognized,andnumerouslimitationsinourconceptualandmethodologicalapproachtoobesitypreventionhavebeenidentified.
简介:Slowlight,atechnologytocontroltheopticalsignalbyreducingthegroupvelocity,hasbeenwidelystudiedtoobtainenhancednonlinearitiesandincreasedphaseshiftsowingtoitspromotingofthelight–matterinteractionability.Inthiswork,awidebandslowlightisachievedinasimpleone-dimensionalfishbonegratingwaveguide.Aflatbandindicatingslowlightwithagroupindexof13andbandwidthover10nmisobtainedbytheplanewaveexpansioncalculation,andthecorrespondingexperimentalresultsagreewellwiththetheoreticalprediction.Asteptaperisdesignedtocompensatethecouplingloss.Theproposedfishbonegratingwaveguideisagoodcandidateforwidebandslowlightdevicesinlightcommunication.