简介：Inordertoestimatetheerosionratesofsomeplasmafacingcomponentmaterials,thesputteringyieldsofMo,WandLibombardedbychargedparticlesH^+,D^+,T^+andHe^+arecalculatedbyapplicationofsputteringtheorybasedonbipartitionmodelofiontransport.ThecomparisonswithMonte-Carlocalculationresultsaremade.Thesedatamightbeusefultoestimatethelifetimeofplasmafacingcomponentsandtoanalyzetheimpuritylevelincoreplasmaoffusionreactors.

简介：AbstractSevere fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome (SFTS), caused by a novel identified bunyavirus SFTS virus (SFTSV), was an emerging viral infectious disease that was firstly reported in China. There are no licensed vaccines and therapeutics against SFTSV currently. B-Propiolactone (BPL) inactivated whole virions of SFTSV strain AH12 were prepared as experimental vaccine in different antigen dose with or without Al(OH)3 adjuvant. The experimental SFTS vaccine was a satisfying immunogen, which could efficiently trigger the development of high levels of SFTSV NP-specific IgG antibodies and neutralizing antibodies against SFTSV Strain HB29 in BALB/c and C57/BL6 mice, and could induce SFTS virus-specific cellular immune responses to a certain extent. A single dose of vaccine was immunogenically insufficient in BALB/c mice; the second and third dose resulted in significant boost in antibody response. The use of Al(OH)3 adjuvant resulted in higher antibody titers. The mediate-dose of vaccine could induce as high and equivalent level of antibody titer as that of high-dose. The experimental SFTS vaccine in mediate-and high antigen dose with adjuvant resulted in solid protection of C57/BL6 mice against wild-type SFTSV challenge with markedly accelerated virus clearance from blood and spleen compared with controls. The experimental SFTS vaccine prepared in this study could efficiently elicit virus specific humoral and cellular immune responses in both BALB/c and C57/BL6 mice, and could protect C57/BL6 mice against SFTS virus challenge. These results supplied evidence that inactivated vaccine was a promising vaccine candidate for the prevention of SFTSV infection.

简介：AbstractA large-scale vaccination of coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19) in adults has been conducted for nearly a year, and there is a growing recognition that immunization for children is also essential. It has been months since emergency use of pediatric COVID-19 vaccine was approved, we reviewed the prevalence and transmission of COVID-19 in children. The prevalence of COVID-19 in children is reduced due to vaccination even in a Delta prevalent period, so an increase in the vaccination rate is needed in children. Although the precise role of children in the transmission requires more research to uncover, they likely played a significant role, according to the available literature. We also described four candidate COVID-19 vaccines for children on their safety and immunogenicity and the impact of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 variants on childhood vaccination. Safety issues on pediatric vaccines post-approval, like adverse events following immunization and adverse events of special interest require studies on long-term and effective regulatory mechanisms.

简介：Supercriticalwaterreactor(SCWR)wasproposedasaGenerationⅣconceptforbuildinglargecapacitynuclearpowerplants.ComparingwiththepresentGenerationⅡandⅢlightwaterreactors,SCWRpossessesgreatadvantagesof10%higherefficiency,simplersystemdesign,bettersustainability,andsoon.However,theselectionofmaterialsforfuelcladdingandreactorinternalsofSCWRisfacingagreatchallenge.Corrosioninsupercriticalsteamisofthefirstimportantissuetobesolvedtomeetthestringentrequirementofthereactorinternalcomponents.Corrosionscreeningtestswereconductedoncandidatematerialsfornuclearfuelcladdingandreactorinternalsofsupercriticalwaterreactor(SCWR)instaticandre-circulatingautoclaveatthetemperaturesof550,600and650℃,pressureofabout25MPa,deaeratedorsaturateddissolvedhydrogen(STP).NickelbasealloytypeHastelloyC276,austeniticstainlesssteelstype304NG,AL-6XN,HR3C.NF709andSAVE25,ferritic/martensitic(F/M)steeltypeP92,P122and410,andoxidedispersionstrengthenedsteelMA956,aretested.Thispaperpresentscorrosionrate,andfocusesontheformationandbreakdownofcorrosionoxidefilm,andproposesthefuturetrendforthedevelopmentofSCWRinternalstructurematerials.

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简介：AIM:TOinvestigatetheimmunogenicityofcandidateDNAvaccineagainsthepatitisCvirus(HCV)deliveredbytwoplasmidsexpressingHCVenvelopeprotein1(El)andenvelopeprotein2(E2)antigensrespectivelyandtostudytheeffectofCpGadjuvantonthiscandidatevaccine.METHODS:RecombinantplasmJdsexpressingHCVEIandE2antigensrespectivelywereusedtosimultaneouslyinoculatemicewithorwithoutCpGadjuvant.AntiserawerethencollectedandtJtersofantJ-HCVantibodieswereanalyzedbyELISA.Onemonthafterthelastinjection,animalsweresacrificedtopreparesingle-cellsuspensionofsplenocytes.ThesecellsweresubjectedtoHCVantigenspecificproliferaionassaysandcytokinesecretionassaystoevaluatethecellularimmuneresponsesofthevaccinatedanimals.RESULTS:AntibodyresponsestoHCVEIandE2antigensweredetectedinvaccinatedanimals.AnimalsreceivingCpGadjuvanthadslightlylowertitersofanti-HCVantibodiesinthesera,whilethesplenocytesfromtheseanimalsshowedhigherHCV-antigenspecificproliferation.Analysisofcytokinesecretionfromthesplenocyteswasconsistentwiththeaboveresults.Whilenoantigen-specificIL-4secretionwasdetectedforallvaccinatedanimals,HCVantigen-specificINF-γ,secretionwasdetectedforthesplenocytesofvaccinatedanimals.CpGadjuvantenhancedthesecretionofINF-γ,butdidnotchangetheprofileofIL-4secretion.CONCLUSION:VaccinationofmicewithplasmidsencodingHCVE1andE2antigensinduceshumoralandcellularimmuneresponses.CpGadjuvantsignificantlyenhancesthecellularimmuneresponse.

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简介：Graycrosscorrelationmatchingtechniqueisadoptedtoextractcandidatematcheswithgraycrosscorrela-tioncoefficientslessthansomecertainrangeofmaximalcorrelationcoefficientcalledmulti-peakcandidatematches.Multi-peakcandidatesareextractedcorrespondingtothreeclosestfeaturepointsatfirst.Thecorrespondingmulti-peakcandidatematchesareusedtoconstructthemodelpolygon.Correspondenceisdeterminedbasedonthelocalgeometricrelationsbetweenthethreefeaturepointsandthemulti-peakcandidates.Thedisparitytestandtheglobalconsistencycheckoutareappliedtoeliminatetheremainingambiguousmatchesthatarenotremovedbythelocalgeometricrelationaltest.Experimentalresultsshowthattheproposedalgorithmisfeasibleandaccurate.

简介：AbstractBackground:Fibrosis in the peripheral airways contributes to airflow limitation in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). However, the key proteins involved in its development are still poorly understood. Thus, we aimed to identify the differentially expressed proteins (DEPs) between smoker patients with and without COPD and elucidate the molecular mechanisms involved by investigating the effects of the identified biomarker candidate on lung fibroblasts.Methods:The potential DEPs were identified by isobaric tags for relative and absolute quantitation (iTRAQ)-based proteomic analysis. The messenger RNA and protein levels of clusterin (CLU) in COPD patients and 12% cigarette smoke extract (CSE)-treated human bronchial epithelial cells were determined at the indicated time points. Furthermore, an in vitro COPD model was established via the administration of 8% CSE to normal human lung fibroblasts (NHLFs) at indicated time points. The effects of CSE treatment and CLU silencing on proliferation and activation of lung fibroblasts were analyzed.Results:A total of 144 DEPs were identified between COPD patients and normal smokers. The iTRAQ-based proteomics and bioinformatics analyses identified CLU as a serum biomarker candidate. We also discovered that CLU levels were significantly increased (P < 0.0001) in Global Initiative for Obstructive Lung Disease II, III, and IV patients and correlated (P < 0.0001) with forced expiratory volume in 1 s (R=-0.7705), residual volume (RV) (R = 0.6281), RV/total lung capacity (R = 0.5454), and computerized tomography emphysema (R = 0.7878). Similarly, CLU levels were significantly increased in CSE-treated cells at indicated time points (P < 0.0001). The CSE treatment significantly inhibited the proliferation, promoted the inflammatory response, differentiation of NHLFs, and collagen matrix deposition, and induced the apoptosis of NHLFs; however, these effects were partially reversed by CLU silencing.Conclusion:Our findings suggest that CLU may play significant roles during airway fibrosis in COPD by regulating lung fibroblast activation.

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简介：AbstractImportance:Rhabdomyosarcoma (RMS) is the most common soft tissue sarcoma in children. More than 90% of cases are classified as embryonic RMS (ERMS) or alveolar RMS (ARMS). ERMS has a worse prognosis than ARMS. Early differential diagnosis is of paramount importance for optimization of treatment.Objective:To identify genes that are differentially expressed between ARMS and ERMS, which can be used for accurate rhabdomyosarcoma classification.Methods:Three Gene Expression Omnibus datasets composed of ARMS and ERMS samples were screened and 35 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified. Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis and area under the curve analysis was performed for these 35 DEGs and seven candidate genes with the best differential expression scores between ARMS and ERMS were determined. The expression of these seven candidate genes was validated by immunohistochemical analysis of pre-chemotherapy ARMS and ERMS specimens.Results:The levels of DCX and CRABP2 were confirmed to be remarkably different between paraffin-embedded ARMS and ERMS tissues, while EGFR abundance was only marginally different between these two RMS subtypes.Interpretation:DCX and CRABP2 are potential biomarkers for distinguishing ARMS from ERMS in pre-chemotherapy pediatric patients.

简介：AbstractBackground:A new candidate vector vaccine against human brucellosis based on recombinant influenza viral vectors (rIVV) subtypes H5N1 expressing Brucella outer membrane protein (Omp) 16, L7/L12, Omp19 or Cu-Zn SOD proteins has been developed. This paper presents the results of the study of protection of the vaccine using on guinea pigs, including various options of administering, dose and frequency. Provided data of the novel vaccine candidate will contribute to its further movement into the preclinical stage study.Methods:General states of guinea pigs was assessed based on behavior and dynamics of a guinea pig weight-gain test. The effectiveness of the new anti-brucellosis vector vaccine was determined by studying its protective effect after conjunctival, intranasal and sublingual administration in doses 105 EID50, 106 EID50 and 107 EID50 during prime and boost vaccinations of animals, followed by challenge with a virulent strain of B. melitensis 16 M infection. For sake of comparison, the commercial B. melitensis Rev.1 vaccine was used as a control. The protective properties of vaccines were assessed by quantitation of Brucella colonization in organs and tissues of infected animals and compared to the control groups.Results:It was observed a gradual increase in body weight of guinea pigs after prime and booster immunization with the vaccine using conjunctival, intranasal and sublingual routes of administration, as well as after using various doses of vaccine. The most optimal way of using the vaccine has been established: double intranasal immunization of guinea pigs at a dose of 106 EID50, which provides 80% protection of guinea pigs from B. melitensis 16 M infection (P < 0.05), which is comparable to the results of the effectiveness of the commercial B. melitensis Rev.1 vaccine.Conclusions:We developed effective human vaccine candidate against brucellosis and developed its immunization protocol in guinea pig model. We believe that because of these studies, the proposed vaccine has achieved the best level of protection, which in turn provides a basis for its further promotion.

简介：Afacilegreenlow-costcontrollablehydrothermal-thermalconversion(HTC)processfortheuniformhighaspectratioCaSiO3nanowireshasbeendevelopedusingabundantCaCl2·2H2OandNa2SiO3·9H2Oasrawmaterialswithoutanyorganicadditive.Thenanowiresexhibitedatransparentcharacteristicfromtheultraviolettovisibleregion,andtheCaSiO3:1.2%Tb3+nanophosphorswithwellpreserved1DmorphologydemonstratedstronggreenluminescencewithCIEcoordinatesof(x=0.3144,y=0.5912).Thepresentworkdefinitelyrevealsthenanowiresasapromisingstructureandfunctionintegratedhostcandidateforgreen-emittingluminescentmaterialsinlightdisplaysystemsandoptoelectronicdevices.

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