简介：Anactivestereovisionsystembasedonamodelofneuralpathwaysofhumanbinocularmotorsystemisproposed.Withthismodel,itisguaranteedthatthetwocamerasoftheactivestereovisionsystemcankeeptheirlinesofsightfixedonthesametargetobjectduringsmoothpursuit.Thisfeatureisveryimportantforactivestereovisionsystems,sincenotonly3Drecon-structionneedsthetwocamerashaveanoverlappingfieldofvision,butalsoitcanfacilitatethe3Dreconstructionalgorithm.Toevaluatetheeffectivenessoftheproposedmethod,somesoftwaresimulationsaredonetodemonstratethesametargettrackingcharacteristicinavirtualenvironmentapttomistrackingeasily.Here,mistrackingmeanstwoeyestracktwodifferentobjectsseparately.Thentheproposedmethodisimplementedinouractivestereovisionsystemtoperformrealtrackingtaskinalaboratoryscenewhereseveralpersonswalkself-determining.Beforetheproposedmodelisimplementedinthesystem,mis-trackingoccurredfrequently.Afteritisenabled,mistrackingneveroccurred.Theresultshowsthatthevisionsystembasedonneuralpathwaysofhumanbinocularmotorsystemcanreliablyavoidmistracking.

简介：Althoughvariousgenomeprojectshaveprovidedusenormousstaticsequenceinformation,understandingofthesophisticatedbiologycontinuestorequireintegratingthecomputationalmodeling,systemanalysis,technologydevelopmentforexperiments,andquantitativeexperimentsalltogethertoanalyzethebiologyarchitectureonvariouslevels,whichisjusttheoriginofsystemsbiologysubject.Thisreviewdiscussestheobject,itscharacteristics,andresearchattentionsinsystemsbiology,andsummarizestheanalysismethods,experimentaltechnologies,researchdevelopments,andsooninthefourkeyfieldsofsystemsbiology-systemicstructures,dynamics,controlmethods,anddesignprinciples.

简介：简述了分类学的基本概念、主要任务、重要意义、学科特点和巨大贡献。以事实为依据为分类学正名,并向分类学家致敬。举例说明了削弱分类学引起的负面影响,初步分析了当前我国分类学不景气的原因,提出了促进我国分类学持续发展的某些建议。笔者认为分类学仍有希望,并概述了其理由。为分类学正名和振兴分类学,群众是基础,领导是关键,院士是桥梁。本文可视为是＂群众基础＂中的一份子。

简介：松锯工甲壳虫，Monochamusalternatus，在亚洲被认为是一个臭名昭著的森林害虫，vectoring侵略病原的线虫，Bursaphelenchusxylophilus，它被知道引起松枯萎疾病。然而，很少顺序信息都不为这向量甲壳虫是可得到的。这在它的免疫系统上妨碍了研究。基于M的transcriptome。alternatus，我们在M识别了并且描绘194immunityrelated基因。alternatus，并且从知道对入侵微生物展出有免疫力的回答的另外的种类把他们与相当或相同事物分子作比较。在M的通常认为的immunityrelated基因的更低的数字。alternatus被归因于更少Ctypelectin，丝氨酸朊酶(SP)和抗菌剂肽(安培)基因。种系发生的分析揭示了那M。alternatus有唯一的识别基因，galectin3，哪个没在Triboliumcastaneum被识别的orthologues，果蝇melanogastor，疟蚊属gambiae和Apismellifera。这为甲虫类之昆虫昆虫建议了lineagespecific基因进化。我们的学习提供M的immunityrelated基因的全面顺序资源。alternatus，为天生的免疫的分子的机制的更好的理解介绍珍贵信息在M处理。对B的alternatus。xylophilus。

简介：Awheeledmobilemechanismwithapassiveand/oractivelinkagemechanismforroughterrainenvironmentisdevelopedandevaluated.Thewheeledmobilemechanismwhichhashighmobilityinroughterrainneedssophisticatedsystemtoadaptvariousenvironments.Wefocusonthedevelopmentofaswitchingcontrollersystemforwheeledmobilerobotsinroughterrain.Thissystemconsistsoftwosub-systems:anenvironmentrecognitionsystemusinglinkanglesandanadaptivecontrolsystem.Intheen-vironmentrecognitionsystem,weintroduceaSelf-OrganizingMap(SOM)forclusteringlinkangles.Intheadaptivecontrol-lers,weintroduceneuralnetworkstocalculatetheinversemodelofthewheeledmobilerobot.Theenvironmentrecognitionsystemcanrecognizetheenvironmentinwhichtherobottravels,andtheadjustablecon-trollersaretunedbyexperimentalresultsforeachenvironment.Thedualsub-systemswitchingcontrollersystemisexperi-mentallyevaluated.Thesystemrecognizesitsenvironmentandadaptsbyswitchingtheadjustablecontrollers.Thissystemdemonstratessuperiorperformancetoawell-tunedsinglePIDcontroller.

简介：Thebiologicalimmunesystemisacomplexadaptivesystem.Therearelotsofbenefitsforbuildingthemodeloftheimmunesystem.Forbiologicalresearchers,theycantestsomehypothesesabouttheinfectionprocessorsimulatetheresponsesofsomedrugs.Forcomputerresearchers,theycanbuilddistributed,robustandfaulttolerantnetworksinspiredbythefunctionsoftheimmunesystem.Thispaperprovidesacomprehensivesurveyoftheliteraturesonmodellingtheimmunesystem.Fromthemethodologyperspective,thepapercomparesandanalyzestheexistingapproachesandmodels,andalsodemonstratesthefocusingresearcheffortonthefutureimmunemodelsinthenextfewyears.

简介：这研究的目的是在模型organismDrosophilamelanogaster上调查铝(艾尔)的有毒的效果。学习特别在休息和活动在水果苍蝇的发展，寿命，和生理节奏的节奏担心铝的效果。苍蝇在饲养媒介从40～280mg/kg在集中暴露于铝或苍蝇在控制媒介上被饲养。而且，昆虫的寿命在媒介暴露了艾尔的40，120，或240mg/kg到铝包含仅仅在他们的幼虫的发展期间，在整个生命周期期间并且仅仅在他们的成年人，生活被测试。检查铝和老化原因是否在D变化。melanogaster行为，在不同年龄的苍蝇的运动活动被记录。结果证明那铝在在在高耸的媒介的160mg/kg上面的集中是有毒的。取决于艾尔集中和暴露的时间，苍蝇的寿命被弄短。在中间的集中(120mg/kg)，然而，艾尔在增加他们运动活动的寿命和水平的男性上有刺激效果。在更高的集中，铝暴露增加了或减少D的运动活动的水平。取决于苍蝇的年龄的melanogaster。另外，在在铝上饲养的最旧的昆虫补充了媒介，在在艾尔的最高的集中上饲养的中间的苍蝇，活动的每日的节奏被破坏。

简介：

简介：Itiswellrecognizedthatcelldeathplaysanimportantroleduringthematurationofthenervoussystemaswellasinmanyneurologicaldiseases.Apoptosishasbeenshowntobeimportantparticularyduringembryogenesisasameanstoeliminatingunwantedneurons.SeveredaxonshavealsobeenshowntodegenerateinanorganizedfashiontermedWalleriandegeneration.Excitotoxicdeathisanotherformofcelldeathinthenervoussystemwhichisinducedbyhighconcentrationsofneurotransmitterssuchasglutamate.Itisnotknownwhetherthesamemolecularmechanismsunderliethesedifferentformsofcelldeathinthenervoussystem.TheBax-/-Bak-/-doubleknock-outmouseprovidesanidealsystemtostudy

简介：随着环境污染加剧和人们对自身健康关注度的提高,功能性食品在全球范围内蓬勃发展。彩色稻米作为稻米家族中的一员,由于富含微量元素、花色苷、生物碱等功能性成分,已成为当前功能性食品研究开发的热点之一。本研究利用粳稻品种龙锦1号/香软米1578杂交组合214个F_5家系,对水稻糙米总花色苷含量、粒色等级和千粒重的变异及其相关性进行了分析。糙米粒色等级变异范围为1~9,平均值为4.98,变异系数为57.87%;糙米总花色苷含量变异范围为0~5459.34mg/kg,平均值为834.47mg/kg,变异系数为191.96%;糙米千粒重变异范围为11.96~26.24g,平均值为17.75g,变异系数为12.89%。糙米总花色苷含量、粒色等级和千粒重在F5家系中不符合正态分布,表现为右偏态,其中糙米总花色苷含量的偏斜程度最大。糙米总花色苷含量和千粒重的峰度系数为正值,表明为尖顶峰;而糙米粒色等级的峰度系数为负值,表明为平顶峰。糙米总花色苷含量与粒色等级呈极显著正相关,相关系数为0.69;糙米总花色苷含量、粒色等级均与千粒重呈极显著负相关,相关系数分别为-0.20和-0.34。与高亲龙锦1号相比,27个家系的糙米总花色苷含量极显著提高,占214个F_5家系的12.62%,为高花色苷水稻种质创新奠定了基础。

简介：

简介：Simulatingbiologicalolfactoryneuralsystem,KⅢnetwork,whichisahigh-dimensionalchaoticneuralnetwork,isdesignedinthispaper.Differentfromconventionalartificialneuralnetwork,theKⅢnetworkworksinitschaotictrajectory.ItcansimulatenotonlytheoutputEEGwaveformobservedinelectrophysiologicalexperiments,butalsothebiologicalintelligenceforpatternclassification.Thesimulationanalysisandapplicationtotherecognitionofhandwritingnmeralsarepresentedhere.TheclassificationperformanceoftheKⅢnetworkatdifferentnoiselevelswasalsoinvestigated.

简介：

简介：神经干细胞(NSC)不仅在胚胎的发展期间而且在所有哺乳动物的种类的成年大脑是在场的，包括人。在vivo的干细胞壁龛建筑学使成年NSC能连续地在整个生活在特定的大脑区域产生功能的神经原。成年神经发生过程服从于动态规定由各种各样生理，病理学并且药理学刺激。Multipotent成年NSC也看起来内在地塑料，对基因编程顺从在正常区别期间，并且到epigeneticreprograming在进pluripotency的de区别期间。增加的证据建议成年NSC显著地在生理、病理学的条件下面贡献专业化神经功能。充分理解成年NSC的生物学将提供关键卓见进病原学和主要大脑混乱的潜在的治疗学的干预。这里，我们在哺乳动物的中央神经系统的成年NSC上考察最近的进步，包括他们在癌症和再生药的身份，壁龛，功能，粘性，和新兴的角色上的话题。

简介：Navigationsystembasedontheanimalbehaviorhasreceivedagrowingattentioninthepastfewyears.Thenavigationsystemsusingartificialpheromonearestillfewsofar.Forthisreason,thispaperpresentsourresearchthataimtoimplementautonomousnavigationwithartificialpheromonesystem.Byintroducingartificialpheromonesystemcomposedofdatacarriersandautonomousrobots,theroboticsystemcreatesapotentialfieldtonavigatetheirgroup.Wehavedevelopedapheromonedensitymodeltorealizethefunctionofpheromoneswiththehelpofdatacarriers.Weintendtoshowtheeffectivenessoftheproposedsystembyperformingsimulationsandrealizationusingmodifiedmobilerobot.Thepheromonepotentialfieldsystemcanbeusedfornavigationofautonomousrobots.

简介：Inthelasttwoyears,wehaveseenaremarkableintensificationintheresponsetoAIDSinChina.AnumberoforganizationshavejoinedandcontributedtotheeffortsoftheChinesegovernmentinrespondingtheAIDSepidemicinChina.ThisarticlespecificallydescribestheroleoftheUnitedNationsinsupportingandstrengtheningthoseresponses.AchievementsoftheUnitedNations(UN)highlightedinthearticleinclude:strengthenedleadershipandpoliticalcommitmenttorespondtoAIDS;improvedHIV/AIDSsurveillanceandinformation;expandedpreventionefforts;improvedtreatment,careandsupporttopeoplelivingwithHIVandincreasedresourcesforAIDSprograms.Additionalrolesofe.,onenationalplanonAIDS;onenationalcoordinatingauthorityforAIDS;andonemonitoringandevaluationsystemforAIDS.Inaddition,theUNsystemisexpectedtostrengthenalignmentandharmonizationofactivitiesofallinternationalorganizationsandimprovedaccountabilityandoversight.RemainingchallengesidentifiedincludeincreasingawarenessofAIDSandreducingstigmaanddiscrimination;reducingvulnerabilityandriskbehaviouramongspecificgroups;providingimprovedtreatment,careandsupportforpeoplelivingwithHIV;promotingstrongerengagementbycivilsociety,and;addressingthegenderdimensionsofAIDS.

简介：《蕈菌分类学》由中国菌物学会副理事长、吉林农业大学图力古尔教授主编，《菌物研究》期刊主编、中国工程院院士李玉教授作序，2018年4月由科学出版社出版。

简介：利用LSU序列分析技术研究蒙古口蘑分类地位,用最大简约法和最大似然法构建系统发育树。结果表明：蒙古口蘑形成一独立分支,与白蘑属Trciholoma亲缘关系较远,蒙古口蘑应从Trciholoma属中划分出来,放入新属———白丽蘑属（新拟）Leucocalocybe,并命名为蒙古白丽蘑（新拟）Leucocalocybemongolicum（Imai）X.D.Yu＆Y.J.Yao。

简介：温故而知新。本文以历史进程为序,根据分类学中的重大事件,粗线条勾画出一个框架以反映分类学发展的的轨迹。包括以下几个部分：古代至林奈之前的生物分类;近代分类学科的诞生;进化理论的确立与修正及其深远影响;分类学的蓬勃发展（居群概念、新系统学与Biosystematics,细胞分类法与化学分类法,学派争鸣促进分类学繁荣）;分子生物学为分类学注入强大活力。在讨论部分论述了坚持分类学的完整概念,不宜将分类的某个依据和方法理解和翻译为某个分类学,如chemotaxonomy,cytotaxonomy,DNAtaxonomy应理解和翻译为某个分类方法,而不是＂化学分类学＂,＂细胞分类学＂,＂DNA分类学＂等,说明了其理由和依据。对于林奈创立了二名法、将二名法理解为物种的学名是由属名＋种名组成等一些不确切的说法给予了澄清。

简介：Theaimofthisstudyistodesignabiologicalinformationretrievalandanalysissystem(BIRAS)basedontheInternet.Usingthespecificnetworkprotocol,BIRASsystemcouldsendandreceiveinformationfromtheEntrezsearchandretrievalsystemmaintainedbyNationalCenterforBiotechnologyInformation(NCBI)inUSA.Theliteratures,nucleotidesequence,proteinsequences,andotherresourcesaccordingtotheuser-definedtermcouldthenberetrievedandsenttotheuserbypopupmessageorbyE-mailinformingautomaticallyusingBIRASsystem.Alltheinformationretrievingandanalyzingprocessesaredoneinreal-time.Asarobustsystemforintelligentlyanddynamicallyretrievingandanalyzingontheuser-definedinformation,itisbelievedthatBIRASwouldbeextensivelyusedtoretrievespecificinformationfromlargeamountofbiologicaldatabasesinnowdays.Theprogramisavailableonrequestfromthecorrespondingauthor.