简介：摘要目的探讨丙型肝炎病毒母婴垂直传播的特点。方法对93例丙肝病毒感染孕妇及其新生儿分析HCV宫内感染状况及婴幼儿感染情况。结果母亲抗-HCV阳性、HCV-RNA阴性26例，宫内感染26例，宫内感染率100%，1岁后随访21例，无感染者，感染率0%；母亲抗-HCV阳性、HCV-RNA阳性67例，宫内感染67例，宫内感染率100%，1岁后随访48例，无感染者，感染率0%。结论孕妇抗-HCV阳性的宫内感染率为100%，但几乎在一岁后自然转阴。

简介：摘要根据乳腺增生和乳腺癌的病因病机，从中医理论出发，认为对乳腺增生治疗时重在采取调补冲任，治疗乳腺癌时重在调气，临床取得了显著的疗效。

简介：目的比较面神经垂直段CT定位和解剖定位。方法15例开颅取脑后的颅底标本，对面神经管垂直段至外耳道后壁、外耳门后缘、颈静脉窝外侧壁与前壁水平之间距离进行直接测量，并与64层螺旋CT测量进行比较。结果尸骨直接测量与CT测量结果分别是（3．01±0．65）mm与（3．09±0．68）mm，（10．98±1．72）mm与（10．98±1．64）mm，（3．99±1．23）mm与（3．91±1．17）mm，（8．32±1．86）mm与（8．24±1．92）mm；两种方法测量值差异无统计学意义（P〉0．05）。结论CT测量方法可靠，测得值可信。CT扫描有助于明确诊断。

简介：目的探讨静力位正常骨盆在垂直载荷下的生物力学情况,为骨盆骨折各种生物力学测试提供生物力学参数。方法5具骨盆标本应用应变电测法,在不同载荷作用下对正常国人骨盆应变分布、刚度及位移进行测定,采集8个反复1500N载荷情况下骨盆的各个部位的应变值进行比较。结果骶髂关节处应变最大,骨盆能承受2000N以上的载荷,在8次1500N的反复载荷下,骨盆的刚度和应变未出现明显改变。结论垂直载荷下,骶髂关节处应变最大,为骨折的好发部位,正常骨盆的极限失效点在2000N以上,1500N的垂直载荷位于骨盆的弹性区间之内。

简介：静脉采血为有创操作,常出现一些并发症,如局部疼痛、出血、青紫、肿胀.为了减少病人采血并发症,我们尝试在肘正中静脉采血时采用垂直进针方法采血.经过观察发现垂直进针法采血可有效减轻疼痛,减少采血并发症发生.现报告如下.

简介：虽然目前各种免疫抑制剂层出不穷，但是糖皮质激素仍是治疗肾脏病的一线药物，很多基本的治疗方案仍然是以糖皮质激素为基础展开的。随着医学的不断发展，激素的不良反应以及在减药过程中疾病易反弹的问题被越来越多的学者所认识和关注。

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简介：摘要目的探讨新材料新工艺解决磨牙垂直型食物嵌塞的疗效。方法对于磨牙垂直型食物嵌塞，选择经过序列调牙合、充填均疗效欠佳的病例152例，通过冠或联冠的修复恢复磨牙正常的邻接关系。结果98.7%的嵌塞症状消失，1.3%未见改善或在其它牙位又新发食物嵌塞。结论通过精密的修复体能很好的恢复重建正常的咬合及邻接关系，最大程度上解决磨牙垂直型食物嵌塞。

简介：整体设计原则康复中心建筑设计应首先满足其功能需求,不能一味求大求全。因此,设计师在设计时要结合选址周围的市政配套、自然人文等条件,立足功能需求,

简介：摘要单侧空间忽略是脑卒中病人常见的认知方面的后遗症，本文简述了单侧空间忽略的发病机制，描述了该疾病在言语、更衣、进食、移动等具有典型特征的行为表现，介绍了目前使用的8种评价方法，综述了包括坐姿的调整、感觉输入、转移与移动等的最新的康复忽略进展。

简介：摘要目的对以空间网络教学模式教授推拿手法的教学效果进行评价。方法2010级康复治疗专业的46名学生应用空间网络教学进行《中医康复技术》课程教学，与未开展空间网络教学的2004级的老年服务与管理专业的59名学生作比较，对比二者的推拿手法考核成绩。结果2010级康复治疗专业学生的推拿手法考核成绩高于2004级老年服务与管理专业学生的推拿手法考核成绩，差异具有统计学意义（P<0.05）。结论空间网络课程教学模式有助于学生对推拿手法的掌握，能显著提高教学效果。

简介：目的进一步了解浙江省集中式供水管网末梢水水质状况，为政府制定有关饮用水政策提供依据。方法收集2010年浙江省集中式供水管网末梢水水质卫生监测数据和浙江省县界电子地图．应用变异函数拟合、kfiging插值预测分析、Getis系数空间分析技术分析浙江省管网末梢水水质情况。结果生成管网末梢水合格率地区分布图，三维趋势分析图，变异函数拟合、kfiging插值预测分析、Getis系数等分析结果。结论直观展示了浙江省管网末梢水水质的地理分布，管网末梢水合格率呈现局部高聚集区的在浙西南，松阳县、江山市、龙泉市、龙游县、衢州市区、云和县、遂昌县，呈现局部低聚集区的在浙东南沿海，瑞安市、平阳县、苍南县、温州市区。

简介：摘要目的研究果王素对D-半乳糖致衰老大鼠空间学习记忆的影响。方法将雄性S-D大鼠（150-250g），30只，SPF级，随机分为3组正常对照组，模型组以及果王素干预组，每组10只。正常对照组采用常规饲养；模型组采用5%D-半乳糖（D-gas）皮下注射，持续42天；果王素干预组在皮下注射D-半乳糖的同时，采用200mg/kg剂量的果王素灌胃。morris水迷宫观察大鼠行为学的变化。结果行为学观察模型组与正常对照组相比，水迷宫中逃避潜伏期明显延长（P<0.01）,果王素干预组与模型组相比水迷宫中逃避潜伏期明显缩短(P<0.05)；模型组距离百分比明显短于其他两组（P<0.01）。结论果王素具有明显改善衰老大鼠空间学习记忆的功能。

简介：摘要目的研究异氟醚对大鼠空间记忆及海马组织中载脂蛋白e(ApoE)阳性细胞表达的影响。方法12月龄雄性wistar(350g)大鼠48只，随机分为三组(n=16)，对照组(不麻醉，吸入30％氧气的空氧混合气体)，A组(异氟醚1.5%，连续吸入5d，每天3h)，B组(异氟醚2%，连续吸入5d，每天2h)。各组大鼠在停药后1d取8只行Morris水迷宫进行认知功能测试，其余处死取海马组织，用免疫组织化学方法测定ApoE的表达。结果各组大鼠异氟醚吸入过程中生命体征平稳，血氧饱和度及心率均在正常范围。A组和B组逃避潜伏期和游泳距离明显长于对照组(P<0.05)，ApoE在A组和B组的表达明显高于对照组(P<0.05)。结论多次吸入异氟醚对大鼠的认知功能有所改变，可能与海马组织ApoE的表达有关。

简介：AIM:Toinvestigatethetreatmentstatusandprognosisofspace-occupyinglacrimalglandlesionsatonetertiaryeyecenterinChina.·METHODS:Aretrospectiveclinicalstudywasperformedon95patientswithspace-occupyinglesionsofthelacrimalglandsurgicallytreatedattheEye&ENTHospitalofFudanUniversityfrom2003to2007.Thereviewedclinicaldataincludedage,gender,sideofthelesion,durationofsignsandsymptoms,histopathologicaldiagnosis,treatmentmodality,recurrence(local,regional,anddistantmetastasis)andsurvival.·RESULTS:Ofthe95cases(99eyes),pleomorphicadenomaswerethemostcommonlesions(43cases),followedbylymphoiddisorders(14),inflammatorypseudotumors(11),carcinomaex-pleomorphicadenomas(11),andadenoidcysticcarcinomas(ACC,6).Therewere8patientswithrelapsedpleomorphicadenomas.Fiveofthese8caseshadmalignantpathologicalchanges.AllpatientswithACChadmetastasisandthreeofthemdiedduringtheirfollow-up.·CONCLUSION:Ourstudyindicatedthatthemostcommonlacrimalglandlesionswerepleomorphicadenomas.Multiplerecurrenceandsurgicalproceduresmayincreasetheriskoftumorprogression.ACChadahighincidenceoftumormetastasisandapoorprognosis.

简介：AIM:Toexploretheeffectofsaturatedhydrogensalineonbluelight-inducedretinaldamageinrats.·METHODS:Theretinaldamageofratswasinducedbybluelightexposurefor6hoursandexamined8hours,16hoursand24hoursaftertheexposure.OnehundredfemaleSprague-Dawleyratswererandomlydividedintofourgroups.Group1included30ratsreceivedlightexposurewithoutanyothertreatment.Group2included30ratsreceivedlightexposurewithintraperitonealinjectionofnormalsaline.Group3included30ratsreceivedlightexposurewithintraperitonealinjectionofsaturatedhydrogensaline.AndGroup4includedtheother10ratswhichdidnotreceiveanytreatment.Theamountofintraperitonealinjectionofsaturatedhydrogensalineandnormalsalinewascalculatedintheratioof1ml/100gofratweight.SpecimenswerecollectedandprocessedbyH-Estaining,ultrastructureobservation,biochemicalmeasurement.Morphologicalchangeswereobservedbylightmicroscopeandtransmissionelectronmicroscope(TEM)andtheretinalouternuclearlayer(ONL)thicknesswasmeasuredbyIPP6.0,whilethemalondialdehyde(MDA)wasmeasuredbycolorimetricdeterminationat532nm.·RESULTS:AlthoughthestructureofretinainGroup1andGroup2wasinjuredheavily,theinjuryinGroup3wasmild.ThedifferencesbetweenGroup1andGroup2werenotsignificant.ComparedwiththeratsinGroup1andGroup2,theonesinGroup3hadmoreclearlydemarcatedretinastructureandmoreorderedcellsbylightmicroscopeandTEMobservation.TheONLthicknesses(400times)offourgroupsateachtimepointexceptbetweenGroup1andGroup2weresignificantlydifferent(P<0.05).ThethicknessesoftheONLinGroup1atthreetimepointswere30.41±4.04μm,26.11±2.82μmand20.63±1.06μm,inGroup2were31.62±4.54μm,25.08±3.63μmand19.07±3.86μm,inGroup3were29.75±3.62μm,28.83±1.97μmand27.61±1.83μm.InGroup4themeanofthethicknesswas37.35±1.37μm.Astimewentby,thedamageg

简介：AIM:Anaerobicbacteriacancauseocularinfections.WetestedtheOxyPlateTMAnaerobicSystem(OXY)toisolatepertinentanaerobicbacteriathatcancauseoculardisease.METHODS:OXY,whichdoesnotrequiredirectanaerobicconditions(i.e.bags,jars),wascomparedtoconventionalisolationofincubatingculturemediainanaerobicbags.Standardcoloniescountswereperformedonanaerobicocularbacterialisolatesunderaerobicandanaerobicconditions(anaerobicbags)usingagarmedia:1)OXY(aerobiconly),2)5%sheepblood(SB),3)Chocolate,and4)Schaedler.Thebacteriatestedwerede-identifiedocularisolatesculturedfromendophthalmitisanddacryocystitisthatinclude10Propionibacteriumacnesand3Actinomycesspecies.Thecolonycountsforeachbacteriaisolate,oneachculturingcondition,wererankedfromlargesttosmallest,andnon-parametricallycomparedtodeterminethebestculturingcondition.RESULTS:Allanaerobicconditionswerepositiveforalloftheanaerobicisolates.SBandSchaedler’sagarunderaerobicconditionsdidnotsupportthegrowthofanaerobicbacteria.SparsegrowthwasnotedonchocolateagarwithPropionibacteriumacnes.Asananaerobicsystem,SBinananaerobicbagisolatedhighercolonycountsthanOXY(P=0.0028)andchocolateagar(P=0.0028).CONCLUSION:AlthoughOXYdidnottesttobemoreefficientthanotheranaerobicsystems,itappearstobeareasonablealternativeforisolatinganaerobicbacteriafromocularsites.Theuseofanagarmediuminaspeciallydesignedplate,withouttherequirementofananaerobicbag,renderedOXYasanadvantageoverotheranaerobicsystems.

简介：AIM:TopresenttheresultsofimplantationofIakymenkokeratoprosthesisinfivepatientswithvascularizedcornealleukomacausedbysevereocularinjury.·METHODS:Iakymenkokeratoprosthesiswasimplantedinto5eyesof5patients:4patientsweresufferedfromchemicalburnsand1patientfromexplosiveinjury.Thepreoperativevisualacuityrangedfromlightperceptiontohandmotion.Theimplantationsurgerywascomposedoftwo-stageprocedures.Thefollow-upperiodwasfrom9monthsto11years.Theoutcomemeasureswerevisualacuity,retention,andcomplicationsofthekeratoprosthesis.·RESULTS:Visionimprovementswereachievedinmostpatients.Allkeratoprosthesiswereretainedwithinthefollow-upperiod.Cornealmeltingoccurredinonepatientandfibrousclosureinanotherpatient,bothofwhichweresuccessfullytreated.Retinaldetachmentoccurredinonepatientaftersurgery.·CONCLUSION:Iakymenkokeratoprosthesisseemstobeapromisingalternativeforthepatientswithseverecornealinjury,butfurtherinvestigationisneededtoevaluatetheroleofIakymenkokeratoprosthesis.

简介：AIM:Toevaluatechangesintheanteriorchamberdepth(ACD),crystallinelensthickness(LT)anditsrefractivepowerafterlaserinsitukeratomileusis(LASIK).·METHODS:Inallcases,thepreoperativeandpostoperativecentralACDwhichweremeasuredwithPentacam,Orbscan,IOL-MasterandA-scanultrasonography,centralcornealtruenetpowerwhichwasmeasuredwiththePentacam,OrbscanandIOL-Master,axiallength(AL)whichwasmeasuredwithIOL-MasterandLTwhichwasmeasuredwiththeA-scanultrasonographywerecomparedusingthepairedsamplettest.OcularrefractiveerrorsandlensrefractivepoweratcornealplanewerecalculatedandtheircorrelationswerealsoevaluatedbeforeandafterLASIK.RESULTS:At1weekafterLASIK,LTandcrystallinelensrefractivepoweratcornealplane(Dlens)whichwereassociatedwiththeIOL-MasterandPentacamincreasedsignificantly(P≤0.005),ACDdecreasedsignificantly(P≤0.001),butnosignificantincreasewasobservedintheDlenswhichwasassociatedwiththeOrbscan(P=0.261).SignificantcorrelationsbetweenthechangesintheocularrefractiveerrorsandDlenswhichwereassociatedwiththePentacamwereobservedat1weekand6monthsafterLASIK(P=0.028;P=0.001).CONCLUSION:LTincreasedsignificantlyafterLASIK,andthismightpartiallyleadtoACDdecrease,Dlensincreaseandasmallquantityofmyopicregression.

简介：AIM:Toinvestigatetheefficacyofnon-buckledvitrectomywithclassicalendotamponadeagentsinthetreatmentofprimaryretinaldetachment(RD)complicatedbyinferiorbreaksandproliferativevitreoretinophathy(PVR).METHODS:Aretrospective,consecutiveandcaseseriesstudyof40patientswithinferiorbreakRDandPVR≥C1wasconducted.Allpatientsunderwentastandard3-port20-gaugeparsplanavitrectomy(PPV)withgasorsiliconeoiltamponadewithoutsupplementaryscleralbuckling.Thevitreousandallproliferativemembranewerecompletelyremoved,andretinectomywasperformedwhennecessary.Themeanfollow-upwas12.5months.Theprimaryandfinalanatomicsuccessrate,visualacuityandcomplicationswererecordedandanalyzed.RESULTS:Primaryanatomicsuccessratewasachievedin35of40eyes(87.5%)andthefinalanatomicsuccessratewas100%.ThemostcommoncauseofredetachmentwasrecurrentPVR.Thebest-correctedvisualacuity(BCVA)atfinalfollow-upwasimprovedin34eyes(85%),remainedstablein1eye(2.5%),andworsenedin5eyes(12.5%).Themeanvisualacuityatfinalfollow-upwasimprovedsignificantly(P=0.000).CONCLUSION:ThisretrospectivestudyprovidesevidencethatvitrectomywithoutscleralbucklingseemedtobeaneffectivetreatmentforinferiorbreakRDwithPVR.Withcompleteremovalofvitreousandproliferativemembranesandtimingofretinectomy,theinferiorbreakswhichcomplicatedwithPVRcouldbeclosedsuccessfullywithoutadditionalscleralbuckling.