简介：Objective:ToanalyzemoleculartrendsoftheHIVepidemicinShenzhen.Methods:SerumcollectedfromShenzhenAIDSpatientsbetween1992-1999wasanalyzedusingmoleculartechniques.DNAfragmentsoftheHIV-1EnvgenewereamplifiedbynestedPCRfromunculturedperipheralbloodmononuclearcells(PBMCs)fromtheseserumsamples.TheC2-C3regionoftheEnvgenewassequencedandanalyzed.Specifichigh-riskbehaviorswerealsoanalyzed.Results:WefoundthatthetransmissionofHIVinthecitywasmainlythroughsexualbehaviors(46.0%).TherewerefourHIV-1subtypes:B′,B,CandEwith6.31%,7.95%,3.09%and8.92%genedivergenceinsideeachsubtypeinShenzhen.Theseresultssuggestedthatepidemictimeswere6,8,3and9respectively.ThemainepidemicsubtypeswereEandBstrains.AIDSpatient''''''''santigenicvariationwasslightlyhigherthanthatofHIVinfectedindividuals.Conclusion:SurveillancedatareflecttrendsandtheepidemictimeofHIV,whichwillbeusefulforpolicymakerstoformulateeffectivestrategiesofHIV/AIDSpreventionandcontrolinShenzhen.

简介：Objective:TomakeasummaryofthetrendsofHIV/AIDSepidemicandrouteoftransmissioninShenzhenfrom1992to2000toprovidescientificevidenceforthepolicy-makertoformulatestrategiesofHIV/AIDSpreventionandcontrolinShenzhen.Method:ToanalyzeHIV/AIDSsurveillancedatainShenzhenfrom1992to2000bysoftwareEpi-Info.Results:OnehundredandtwoHIVpositivecasesincluding18AIDScases(threecasesdeceased)wereidentifiedinShenzhenfrom1992to2000.Amongthe102cases,thoseinfectedviasexwere46.0%,intravenousdruguse42.9%.Blooddonation7.8%,bloodtransfusionrecipient3.9%,andindeterminate2%.Conclusion:InShenzhen,HIV/AIDSinfectionisspreadingandincreasingrapidly.EffectivepreventionmeasuresmustbetakentoreducetheHIVprevalenceassoonaspossible.

简介：Objective:Toclone,sequenceandexpresstheprimateβ-chemokineRANTESgenes,hRANTESfromH.sapiensandmRANTESfromM.Mulatta,inordertoexplorethepossibilityofAIDSgenetherapy.Methods:hRANTESandmRANTESwereamplifiedbyreversetranscription-polymerasechainreaction(RT-PCR)fromRNAsextractedfromphytoagglutinin(PHA)-activatedperipheralbloodlymphocytes,hRANTESwascloned,sequencedandexpressedinvitro,andmRANTESwasdirectlysequencedforhomologycomparison.Results:Anexpected276bpfragmentwasobtainedinbothamplifications,andsequencedatademonstratedarelativelyhighhomologyamongdifferentcopiesofhRANTES(97%),andhRANTESwasupto95.6%homologoustomRANTES.WhencomparedwithRANTESfromothermammals,hRANTESgaverisetoahomologyrangingfrom77%to86%.TheclonedhRANTESwasexpressedinvitroandapositivesignalofRANTESwasdetectedbydotblotting.Conclusion:Thefull-lengthofhRANTESsequencewassubmittedtoGenBankandhadbeenreleased.OurmRANTESsequenceisfirstreportedandnotyetappearedinGenBank.ThesuccessfulcloningandexpressionofhRANTESwillprovideabasisforAIDSgenetherapyinthefuture.

简介：Epidemicsofsexuallytransmitteddiseaseshavebecomeworldwideseriousproblems.TheInstituteofDermatologyandVeneologyofWenshanAutonomousPrefectureinYunnanisacenterofpolitical,economical,culturalandsocialactivitiesintheprefecture.ItisalsothelocationoftheCommitteeofWenshananditsgovernment.WenshandataindicatesthatSTDshavebeenspreadingfromtownsofthisprefecturetothecountryside.

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简介：Objectives:TounderstandtrendsandepidemiologicalfeaturesofsyphilisovertherecentyearsinChinaandprovideascientificbasisfordevelopingpreventionstrategies.Methods:From1985to2000,syphiliscase-reportingdatacollectedfromallprovinces,autonomousregionsandmunicipalitieswereanalyzedbyapplyingepidemiologicalmethods.Results:(1)Epidemictrends:syphilisincidencehassteadilyriseninChinafrom1985to2000,especiallyafter1993,whenitassumedanexponentialgrowthpattern.80,406casesofsyphiliswerereportedinthecountryin1999,whichwasalmost40timesthenumberreportedin1993.Duringtheperiodof1993-1999,theannualaveragegrowthofthesyphilisincidenceratewas83.55%.Perhapsduetoarecentnationallawenforeementcampaign,thenumberofreportedsyphiliscasesdroppedslightlyin2000.(2)Geographicaldistribution:Syphilisspreadfromcoastal,""open""cities(especiallysomecitiesinFujianprovince)toinlandurbanareas,thentoruralareas.RegionswithahighincidencerateofsyphilisinChinaweretheMinjiang,Yangtze,andZhujiangRiverDeltas,BeijingandTianjinmunicipalities,andNortheastChina.Therewasasignificantdifferenceofsyphilisincidenceratesandgrowthratesbetweentheseareas.Aseriousepidemicoccurredinsomeareas,withanincidenceratereachingover200casesoutof100,000.(3)Populationdistribution:theratioofmaleandfemalecasesgraduallychangedfrom1.57:1in1993to1.02:1in2000.Theratewasthehighestinthe20-29agegroupandthelowestin10-14agegroup.Agreatdifferenceexistedinprevalencebetweendifferentpopulationgroupsanddifferentareas,andsomeareaswithseriousepidemicshadhighprevalenceratesevenamoungthegeneralpopulation.(4)Clinicalstageofsyphilis:Primaryandsecondarysyphiliscaseshavebeendominatingwithapercentageof90%ofallsyphiliscases.Primarysyphiliswasthemostcommoninmalesandsecondarysyphilisinfemales.Secondaryandlatentsyphilisc

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简介：ChinesepopulationsinfectedwithHIV-1.Methods:GenomeDNAfromperipheralbloodmononuclearcells(PBMCs)of78HIV-1infectorswasamplifiedbypolymerasechainreaction(PCR).CCR5,CCR2bandSDF1genefragmentswereobtainedfromrestrictivefragmentlengthpolymorphism(RFLP)and/orCCR△32,CCR5m303,CCR2b-64IandSDF1-3'Aallelicgenes'mutationalfrequenciesweresequenceddirectlyfromPCRproducts.Results:NoneofCCR5△32,CCR5m303genemutationwerefoundin78subjectswithHIV-1infection.TheallelicgenemutationfrequenciesofCCR2b-64IandSDF1-3'Acorrespondingto14.9-34.0%and17.6-38.2%of95%CI,were22.79%and26.92%respectively.TheircolonydistributionconformedtotheHardy-Weinbergequilibrium.Conclusion:TheHIV-1infectionsfoundatpresentareallsusceptiblepopulationofCCR5△32andCCR5m303.ThepolymorphismandfrequenciesofCCR5△32,CCR5m303,CCR2b-64IandSDF1-3'AallelesfromChineseHIV-1infectedpopulationweredisclosedinthisstudyforthefirsttime,whichisofsignificanceforstudyingthegeneticresistancetosusceptibilitytoHIV-1infectionaswellasAIDSdiseaseprogression.

简介：Objective:TostudythecellularimmunityfunctionofpatientswithearlysyphilisandtheeffectsonimmunemodifiersEsberitoxNorIFN.Methods:T-lymphocytesubpopulationsoftheperipheralbloodin44patientswithsyphilisand40healthycontrolswereexaminedbyflowcytometry.Results:ThenumberofCD4+cellsandtheCD4+/CD8+ratioinpatientswithsyphiliswerefoundtobesignificantlylowerthanthoseinthecontrol(P<0.01),whilethenumberofCD8+cellswashigherthanthatinthecontrol(P<0.01).TheCD4+/CD8+ratiointhosewithactivediseasewaslowerthanthatinthosewhohadbeencured(P<0.05).TheCD4+countandtheCD4+/CD8+ratiointhosetreatedwithantibioticsalone(PenicillinGorCephalosporins)werelowerthanthosetreatedwithbothantibioticsandimmunomodulators(P<0.05).Conclusions:Cellularimmunityinthepatientswithearlysyphiliswasprominentlysuppressed,andtreatmentwithimmunomodulatorsmaybehelpfulfortherecoveryofcellularimmunityofthesepatients.

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简介：Objective:Toinvestigatetheprevalenceofmycoplasmainfectionsandthesensitivitytoantibioticsamongpatientswithnongonococcalurethritisorcervicitis(NGU)inChongqing.Methods:387NGUcaseswithmycoplasma-positiveresultsuponculturewereanalysedretrospectively.RESULTS:Themajorityofpatientswithmycoplasmainfectionswereinthe20-40yearoldagegroup.Nosignificantdifferencewasfoundbetweenmalesandfemales.UreaplasmaurealyticumisthemainpathogenoftheseNGUcasesandnoclearrelationshipbetweenitsconcentrationandpathogenicabilitywasnoted.Drugsensitivitywastestedagainstnineantibiotics;thesensitivityratestojosamycin,minocyclineanddoxycyclinewere94.06%,88.89%and86.82%respectively,whiletheresistanceratestolincomycin,ofloxacin,azithromycinandroxthromycinwere74.94%,42.12%,41.60%and40.31%inturn.Conclusions:Josamycin,minocyclineanddoxycyclinecouldbeusedasthefirstchoicetotreatNGUwithmycoplasmainfectionsinChongqing.ItisimportanttoselectantibioticsforNGUtreatmentwithmycoplasmainfectionsbasedontheresultsofdrugsensitivitytests.

简介：Objective-TocomparetheconsistencyoftheresultsfromdetectingHIV-1antibodyinthepairedurineandserumspecimensfromdrugusersbyELISA.Methods:Thepairedurineandserumspecimensfrom273drugusersdetainedatadetoxificationunitwerecollected,andtheHIV-1antibodiesinthespecimensofthemwerescreenedbyurineandserumELISAkits,respectively.Results:Of273serumspecimens,94onesshowedpositivereactionandamong94counterparturinespecimens,93onesalsoappearedpositivereaction.Takingtheresultstogether,theconsistentrateofHIV-1antibodyscreenedbyurineandserumELISAkitswas99.6%.Conclusion:TheurineELISAkit,whichscreenedHIV-1antibodyofurineshowingalmostthesameresultstestedbyserumELISAkit,isreliable.ItisproposedthaturineELISAbeintroducedinmanyfields.

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简介：Objective:TounderstandthechangeofTh1/Th2andTc1/Tc2balanceinpatientswithsecondaryearlysyphilis.Methods:PeripheralbloodThandTccellsubpopulationswereexaminedbythree-colorflowcytometryin30patientswithsecondaryearlysyphilisand20healthysubjects.Results:PercentagesofCD3^+,CD4^+TcellsandtheratioofCD4^+/CD8^+andNKcellsinsyphiliticpatientsweresignificantlylowerthaninthecontrolgroup(P<0.001),butnostatisticaldifferencewasfoundinpercentagesofCD8^+andCD19^+cellsbetweenthetwogroups(P>0.05).ThepercentageofTh1cellsandratiosofThl/Th2andTcl/Tc2insyphiliticpatientswereclearlydecreasedascomparedtothoseincontrois(P<0.001-0.01),whereaspercentagesofTc0andTc2cellsinsyphiliticswashigherthanthoseincontrols(P<0.001).Conclusion:Therecouldbeadisturbanceofcellularimmunityandtherelativelyintactfunctionofhumoralimmunityinsecondarysyphilis.ItispostulatedthatthepolarizationtowarddevelopmentofTh2andTc2cellsandtheirassociatedcytokinesmightbeinvolvedintheincompleteclearanceoftreponemesandthedevelopmentofchronicinfection.

简介：近代中医外科名医赵炳南先生善用阴阳辨证治疗临床疑难杂症,并提倡调和阴阳的治法是外科治疗的根本。究其学术渊源,明清以来多部医籍中提到阴阳辨证对痈肿疮疔的辨治的重要性,其中以王洪绪《外科证治全生集》为外科重阴阳辨证的代表。因此阴阳学说和阴阳辨证不但是中医学重要的理论基础,在中医的皮外科中对临床识病也有重要的指导意义。

简介：“阴平阳秘，精神乃治”系《黄帝内经》中经典条文，是对人体阴阳动态平衡、相互协调、共同维持机体正常生理功能的高度概括，涵盖了五脏六腑、经络气血等有形物质的协调统一。“凡阴阳之要，阳秘乃固.”一切疾病的发生发展皆为阴阳失调、正邪相争，邪不胜正所致。因此，法于阴阳，和于术数，是扶助正气、祛邪于外的治病与养生之道。进一步深入理解“阴平阳秘”的中医稳态观有助于把握人体衰老的过程研究，从而将中医美容理论与临床实践紧密联系、指导临床。早在《黄帝内经》就将养生之道的论述“上古天真论”、“四气调神大论”、“生气通天论”等内容列于《素问》之卷首，较为系统地阐述和记载了有关美容、养生的理论和实践，建立了初步的抗衰老的预防理念。

简介：该文探讨了美容医生沟通技巧方面的的培训方式,提出培训中应强调医患沟通在美容治疗中的重要性和特殊性。重点阐述了注重自身仪表、加强美学素养、优化接诊态度、了解求美者需求、制定合适方案、术后长期沟通等行之有效的医患沟通技巧。从而为提升医生的美容医学素养,提高医疗美容服务质量提供参考。

简介：男性不育是男科常见病,近年来精液不液化导致不育的患者越来越多。李海松教授认为,精液不液化导致的不育多为虚实夹杂,本虚标实,脾肾亏虚为本,中焦湿阻,肝郁血瘀为发病之标。本病内服健脾补肾、化湿清热、疏肝活血的中药,病程较长者配合栓剂外用,疗效显著。

简介：由中华中医药学会主办,首都医科大学附属北京中医医院、北京市赵炳南皮肤病医疗研究中心、赵炳南名家研究室、陈彤云名老中医工作室承办的＂赵炳南学术思想高级研修班暨中医美容和美容医学高峰论坛＂定于2012年10月17日—21日在北京召开。

简介：由中华中医药学会主办，首都医科大学附属北京中医医院、北京市赵炳南皮肤病医疗研究中心、赵炳南名家研究室、陈彤云名老中医工作室承办的“赵炳南学术思想高级研修班暨中医美容和美容医学高峰论坛”定于2012年10月17日。21日在北京召开。本次会议包括“赵炳南学术思想高级研修班（项目编号：2012010207037）”和“陈彤云中医美容高级研修班（项目编号：2012010207038）”两部分。