简介：INTRODUCTIONIn1976,AlanMacDiarmid,HidekiShirakawaandI,togetherwithatalentedgroupofgraduatestudentsandpost-doctoralresearchersdiscoveredconductingpolymersandtheabilitytodopethesepolymersoverthefullrangefrominsulatortometal[1,2].Thiswasparticularlyexcitingbecauseitcreatedanewfieldofresearchontheboundarybetweenchemistryandcondensedmatterphysics,andbecauseitcreatedanumberofopportunities:

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简介：TheK2Ti4O9whiskerswerechosenforthecatalystcarrier,TiO2/potassiumtitanatephotocatalystwaspreparedbySol-gelmethod.TheproductwascharacteratedbyX-raydiffractionandSEM.EDSshowsthat,themainpeckincludedTi,O,andKinpotassiumtitanatewhisker.ThemainpeakofKdisappearedandthepeaksofTi,Ostayedafterwhiskerwascovered.ItdirectedthatthesurfaceofsamplewascoveredbyTiO2.XRDshowsthatdiffractionpeakappeared,whichwascorrespondedtothepeakofanataseTiO2.Inthereactiondeviceofphotochemistry,usingmiddle-pressuremercurylampasillumination,rhodamineBassimulantpollutant,thephotocatalyticperformanceofTiO2/potassiumtitanatewasstudied.Underthesameconditions,thelowerpH,thelargerilluminance,thehighertemperature,thegreateraerationquantumandthelowerinitialconcentrationofrhodamineB,thehigherdecolorationratewasgot.Underourexperimentconditions:pH6,theilluminanceof250W,thetemperatureof313K,andtheaerationquantumof2.0L/min.WhentheconcentrationofrhodamineBwas8mg/LThephotocatalystofTiO2/potassiumtitanatewas0.01g/L.ThedecolorationrateofTiO2/potassiumtitanatedealtwiththerhodamineBreachover95%in160min,andcomparewithTiO2,thedecolorationrateofrhodamineBwasimproved0.50~1.91multiple.TiO2/potassiumtitanatecanbeusedtotreatmentofdyewastewater.

简介：Theresearchworkonpreparationprocessofactivematerialsoftherareearthionselectiveelectrodesandthevalenceoftheelectrodemembranewerereported.Theactivematerialswerechacterizedbyinfraredspectrum,elementalanalysisandXPS.Wehadstudiedtherareearthionselectiveelectrodesinwhichtheactivematerialsconsistoffunctionalpolymers.Inthispaper,theresearchworkonpreparationprocessandthevalenceoftheelectrodemembranewerereported,whichhasnotbeenseeninliteratureyet.

简介：Discussionispresentedontheuseofthephotoisomerizationofazobenzenechromophoreinthedesignandpreparationofnovelfunctionalmaterials.Thetwosystemsreviewedareazobenzenepolymer-stabilizedliquidcrystalsandazobenzeneelastomers.Inthefirstcase,apolymernetworkcontainingazobenzenemoietiesisusedtoopticallyinduceandstabilizealong-rangeliquidcrystalorientationwithouttheneedoftreatingthesurfacesofthesubstrates.Thisopticalandrubbing-freeapproachwasappliedtonematicandferroelectricliquidcrystals.Inthesecondcase,anazobenzeneside-chainliquidcrystallinepolymerisgraftedontoastyrene-butadiene-styrenetriblockcopolymertoyieldaphotoactivethermoplasticelastomer.Coupledmechanicalandopticaleffectsmakepossibletheformationofdiffractiongratingsthatmaybeusefulformechanicallytunableopticaldevices.

简介：Aseriesofsulfonatedpolyimides(SPIs)containingpyridinegroupswerepreparedbydirectpolycondensationfrom1,4,5,8-naphthalenetetracarboxylicdianhydride(NTDA),4,4'-diaminodiphenylether-2,2'-disulfonicacid(ODADS)and4-(4-methoxy)phenyl-2,6-bis(4-aminophenyl)pyridine(DAM).Theresultingcopolymersdisplayedgoodsolubilityincommonorganicsolvents.Flexible,transparent,toughmembraneswereobtainedviasolutioncasting.Allthefilmsshowedhighthermalstabilitywithdesulfonationtemperatureover300℃.TheyexhibitedprominentmechanicalpropertieswithYoung'smodulusaround2.0GPa.Highprotonconductivity(0.23S/cmat100%RH)wasalsoobserved.Moreimportantly,thenewmaterialsexhibitedlowwateruptake(30wt%-75wt%at80℃)andimprovedwaterstability,whichwereattributedtotheacid-baseinteractionbetweensulfonicacidandpyridinefunctionalgroups.

简介：TiO_2-coatedpolystyrenenanoparticleswerepreparedinasimpleway.First,functionalPSparticlesweresynthesizedbycopolymerizingonekindofpolymerizablesurfactantwithstyrene.Thenthestabledispersionsofpolystyrenenanoparticleswereusedastemplates,andpolystyrenenanoparticleswerecoatedwithtitaniabyinsituhydrolysisoftetra-n-butyltitanate(TBT).Nosurfacetreatmentandcentrifugation/redispersioncycleprocesswereneededduringthewholeexperiment.IsolatedPSsphereswithuni...

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简介：Thispaperproposesaconstitutivelawandamethodforcharacterizinghighlypreloadedviscoelasticmaterialssubjectedtolinear(small-amplitude)vibrations.Amultiplicativenon-separablevariableslawhasbeensuggestedtomodelthebehaviorthatdependsonbothstretchandtime/frequency.Thisapproachallowssplittingtheintricatecombinedtestperformedsimultaneouslyonbothstretchandfrequency,generallyinalimitedexperimentaldomainupto100Hz,intotwoindependenttests.Thus,ononehand,thedynamiccomplexmodulusdependentonfrequencyaloneisevaluatedonthebasisofvibrationtestsinalargeexperimentaldomainupto100kHz.Ontheotherhand,energeticparametersaredeterminedfromaquasi-statichyperelastictensiletest.Thecomplexmodulus,dependentonbothstretchandfrequency,isthendeducedfromtheresultsacquiredfromuncoupledinvestigations.Thisworkshowsthat,inextension,theelasticmodulusincreaseswithincreasingstretch,andthelossfactordecreaseswithincreasingstretch;while,incompression,aroundthematerialundeformedstate,themodulusincreasesasthestretchincreasestillacertainvalueofcompressionstretch(upturnpointdependingonmaterialcharacteristics),andthenthemodulusdecreasesasthestretchincreases.Globally,preloadrigidifiesmaterialsbutreducestheirdampingproperty.Theseresultscloselymatchawell-knownobservationinsolidmechanics.

简介：Inthispaper,thekineticmomentexpressionsandratelawsarederivedforpellicularionexchangematerialswithvariousgeometricalformsundertheconditionsthationexchangerateiscontrolledbyboththeparticaldiffusionandthefilmdiffusioninfinitesolutionvolume.Inaddition,forstrongacidiccationionexchangefibre,byusingtheequationsobtainedwecalculatedtheparticaldiffusioncoefficientsandthetransfercoefficientsinthefilmunderdifferentexperimentalconditions.

简介：器官的多微孔的材料通过在pentaerythritol或pentaerythritoltetrathiol和cyclohexa-1,4-dione衍生物的不同类型之间的1,3-dioxol-forming聚合反应基于spiroketal和spirothioketal聚合物被综合。准备聚合物的结构被NMR光谱学和分子的集体大小证实。准备聚合物的氮吸附/解吸附作用等温线显示出在显示microporosity的低相对压力吸附的大量氮。这些聚合物从492在范围有BrunauerEmmitt和出纳(赌注)表面区域(m2g?1)到685(m2g?1)。准备聚合物被发现为有直到12.5的一个分离因素的甲醇甲苯混合的pervaporation分离有用，在6.7之间变化并且流动#

简介：4-hydroxy-4'-nitroazobenzene(NHA)and4-amino-4'-nitroazobenzene(DO3)werepreparedrespectivelyfromp-nitrophenylamineasaprecursorcompound.Twokindsofdopedorganic/inorganichybridnonlinearoptical(NLO)materialscontainingNHAandDO3weresynthesizedbySol-Gelprocess.ThepreparationandpropertiesoftwoNLOmaterialswerestudiedandcharacterizedbyFTIR,1H-NMR,UV-VIS,SEM,DSCandSHGmeasurements.TheresultsshowthatthemaximumdopingamountsofNHAandDO3intwodopedhybridNLOmaterialsare7.2(wt)%and11.3(wt)%respectively,andthecorrespondingsecond-orderNLOcoefficients(d33values)are2.91×10-8esuand6.14×10-8esu.TwodopedNLOmaterialshaverelativelygoodRTstability,after90daysatRTthed33valuescanmaintainabout85%oftheirinitialvalues,butafter10hat100℃canonlymaintainabout50%oftheirinitialvalues.Inthisreport,thereasonsforhigh-temperatureinstabilityofdopedmaterialswerediscussed,andthepossibleimprovementswerealsosuggested.

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