简介：InanefforttoutilizeNMRtechniquefortheanalysisofthestructuralcomponentsofwoodandbiomassessuchaslignin,wemadeacomparativestudyoflignincontentsofseveraltypesoflignocellulosicmaterialsbothbeforeandafterenzymatichydrolyses.Tothisend,EucalyptusGlobulus,Norwaysprucethermomechanicalpulp(TMP)cornstoverandEucalyptuskraftpulpwereball-milledandtreatedwithcellulasetopreparematerialswithhighlignincontents.Thesematerialswereanalyzedvia31PNMRinionicliquids.Theresultsshowthatthecontentsofvariousfunctionalgroupsforthelignocellulosicmaterialsafterenzymatichydrolysesaregenerallyinagreementwiththosefromtheircorrespondingenzymaticmildacidolysisliginins(EMALs),indicatingthat31PNMRanalysisoflignocellulosicmaterialsinionicliquidsisapromisingmethodforquantitativecharacterizationoflignocellulosicmaterials.

简介：Montmorillonite(MMT)wasdirectlymodifiedwithhexadecyltrimethylammoniumbromide.Theinterlayerspacingoftheorganophilicmontmorillonite(organo-MMT)correspondingtothed(001)planepeakwas2.21nm.Theinfluencesofthecontentoforgano-MMTandmixingconditionsincludingmixingtemperatureandmixingtimeontheintercalationandexfoliationstructuresofMMT/epoxyresincompositeswereinvestigatedbywideX-raydiffraction(WXRD).TheX-raypatternsrevealthatorgano-MMTwasintercalatedbytheepoxyresinduringmixingprocess.Onlyundercertainmixingconditions,couldtheexfoliationnanocompositesbeformed.Themechanicalandthermalpropertiesofthecompositesweremeasured.TheresultsindicatethatthecompositeshavebettermechanicalpropertiesandhigherTgthanthoseofthepristineepoxyresin.

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简介：Opto-thermaltransientemissionradiometry(OTTER)isainfraredremotesensingtechnique,whichhasbeensuccessfullyusedininvivoskinmoisturecontentandskinmoisturedepthprofilingmeasurements.Inpresentpaper,weextendthismoisturecontentmeasurementcapabilitytoanalyzethemoisturecontentoffruit(tomato,grape,etc.)skins,andtostudytherelationshipbetweenfruitsripeningprocessandtheirsurfacemoistureandmoisturedepthprofiles.

简介：Zr-Incorporatedmesoporoustitaniamaterialswerepreparedvianonsurfactanttemplatedsol-gelprocessofzirconium(IV)butoxide(ZBT)andtitanium(IV)butoxide(TBT)inthepresenceofureamoleculesastemplateorporeformingagent.TheeffcetsoftemplatecontentsontheporeparametersofthematerialssynthesizedwithfixedZrincorporationcontentswereinvestigatedbymitrogenadsorption-desrptionmeasurements,powderX-raydiffraction(XRD)studyandtransmissionelectronmicroscopy(TEM).ThechangesoftemplatecontentsplaysignificantrolesontheporeparametersatlowincorporsationcontentofZr.Theporediametersdisplayaclearincreasetendencywiththeincreaseoftemplatecontents.WhenhighZrincorporationcontentisused,thetemplatecontentshavelesseffectontheporediametersthatalmostkeepunchangedwiththeincreaseoftemplatecontents.AllthematerialspossesstypeIVisothermswithH2hysteresisloopssuggestingtheformationofmesophase.ThematerialswithlowZrincorporationcontenthaveanatasestructures；however,itcannotbefoundinthematerialswithhighZrincorporationcontent.TEMimagesshowthatsomeaccumulatedinter-particulateporesandwelldistributedworm-likeporesarepresentintheZr-incorporatedmaterials.

简介：Inthispaper,withK+,Ca2+andFe3+astheobjectsofstudy,retardationofsoil–bentonite(SB)barriermaterialsformetalionswithdifferentvalencesisinvestigated,andtheadsorptionmechanism,migrationpatternsandpermeationbehaviorareexploredsoastoprovideatheoreticalbasisfortheirapplication.TheresultsshowthattheadsorptionprocessformetalionswithdifferentvalencesbySBbarriermaterialsisfast,andthehigherthevalence,thegreatertheadsorptioncapacity.Thefttingoftheadsorptionprocessconformstopseudo-second-orderadsorptionkineticsandLangmuir–Freundlichadsorptionequation,whichexplainsthatchemicaladsorptionisthedominatingstateandthattheSBsurfacehascertainheterogeneity.ThepermeabilitycoeffcientofK+,Ca2+andFe3+inSBeachhasamaximumandthehigherthevalence,thesoonerthemaximumappears.Alsothehigherthevalence,themoreobvioustheeffectonSBretardationperformance;andthesoonertheionbreaksthroughthebarrierwallcompletely,thatis,thewall’sretardationperformanceforhighervalentionsmaydecline.

简介：Pillar[n]arenesareanewkindofsupramolecularmacrocyclichostswhichhavedevelopedrapidlyduetotheiruniquetopologyandhighfunctionality,givingrisetomanyapplicationsintheconstructionofinterestingandfunctionalmaterials.Amongthem,water-solublepillar[n]arenesbearingtriethyleneoxide(TEO)chainshavedrawnincreasingresearchinterestduetotheiradvantageousproperties.Inthisreview,wesummarizedtherecentprogressofdynamicmaterialsfabricatedfromwatersolublepillar[n]arenesbearingTEOgroups,includingthermoresponsivematerialswithlowercriticalsolutiontemperature(LCST)behavior,cyclichostliquids,andsmartwindows.Itisanticipatedthatmoreandmore‘smart’supramolecularmaterialsbasedonmodifiedpillar[n]areneswillbedevelopedinthisburgeoningareaofresearch.

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简介：ThespinelLiMn2O4-x(SO4)xcompoundcathodematerialsweresynthesizedbysolid-statereactionofthecalculatedamountsofLiOH·H2O,MnO2andMnSO4.Theresultsoftheelectrochemicaltestdemonstratedthatthesematerialsexhbitedexcellentelectrochemicalproperties.Thehighestreversiblecapacityoftheseseriesofcathodematerialswas-120mAh/g,andafter50cycles,thisreversiblecapacitywasstillaround116mAh/gwithnearly100%reversibleefficiency,whichrevealedthatdopedsulfateioncouldimprovethestructuralstabilityofspinel.

简介：AseriesofmesoporousCu-Mn-Al2O3(CMA)materialswassynthesizedatmoderatetemperatureandtheirstructureswerecharacterizedbyXRD,N2physicaladsorptionandTPRtechniques.Itwasfoundthatusingmetalcomplexion[Cu(NH3)42+-Mn(NH3)62+]asrawmaterialsiseasiertoformgood-structuremesoporousCu-Mn-Al2O3materialsthanusingitsnitratesalt[Cu(NO3)2-Mn(NO3)2].TheTPRtestsresultsindicatethatCuOandMnOxwerehomogeneouslydispersedinthemesoporousmaterials.TheircatalyticapplicationtopreferentialcatalyticoxidationofCOinahydrogen-richstreamwasstudied.TheactivityvariesintheorderofCMA(1:1,molarratio)>CMA(1:2)>CMA(2:1)>CMA(CP)>CMA(1:0)≈CMA(0:1).TheCMA(1:0)andCMA(0:1)haveloweractivitycomparedtoothersamples,implyingthatthereexistedcoordinationeffectbetweenCu-Mninthesamples.TheselectivityvariedintheorderofCMA(0:1)≥CMA(1:2)>CMA(1:1)>CMA(2:1)>CMA(1:0)athighertemperature(≥120°C),indicatingthatincreasingtheCucontentenhancedtheconversionofH2.ThesampleCMA(CP)madebycoprecipitationmethodhasalowerCOoxidationactivityandselectivitythanitscounter-partsofmesoporousCu-Mn-Al2O3materials[CMA(1:2)],thisattributedtothelowersurfaceareaoftheformerandpoorinteractionofCuOwithMnOx.

简介：TwonewintercalationcompoundsFe0.90PS3(phen)0.41(1)(phenstandsfor1,10-phenanthrolineincludingapartof1,10-phenanthrolineH+)andFe0.83PS3(bipy)0.34(2)(bipystandsfor2,2’-bipyridineH+)weresynthesizedbythereactionofthelayeredFePS,with1,10-phenanthrolineor2,2’-bipyridineinthepresenceofaniliniumchloride.Theywerecharacterizedbyelementalanalyses,powderX-raydiffraction(XRD),infraredspectroscopy.Thelatticespacingoftheintercalatewasexpandedby0.90nmforFe0.90PS3(phen)0.41and0.57nmforFe0.83PS3(bipy)0.34withrespecttothepristineFePS3,indicatingthattheringplaneoftheguestsisperpendiculartothelayerofthehost.TheUV-visabsorptionspectraofthefiltrateinpreparationoftheintercalatesindicatethat1,10-phenanthrolineor2,2’-bipyridinealsoactsasacomplexingagenttoremoveintralamellarFe2+ionsintothesolutionduringintercalation.Themagneticpropertiesof1and2werestudied.