关注故事主角 叩响故事前奏——浅谈小学英语故事教学取点导入法

(整期优先)网络出版时间:2021-10-22
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关注故事主角 叩响故事前奏——浅谈小学英语故事教学取点导入法

郭金儿

三明市大田县城关第二小学 福建 三明 366100

摘要:文章介绍了故事教学的内涵和意义,并通过教学实例从关注故事的关键人物或事物,叩响故事前奏入手,具体介绍了小学英语故事教学的取点导入法。

关键词:故事教学;内涵和意义;取点导入法

如何给孩子“讲好”英语故事,需要教师有巧妙的设计。导入环节的设计至关重要。在设计导入环节的时候可以从模块考虑,从文本入手,找到合适点切入,让故事的导入水到渠成。

  1. 故事教学的内涵和意义

(一)故事教学的内涵

婴幼儿时期的孩子最喜欢的就是故事。他们先是听故事;接着看故事、读故事;慢慢地开始讲故事;最后是写故事、演故事;如此循序渐进。与此同时,外语教学中的故事教学是以故事为素材,利用故事生动的情境和趣味性,开展与故事相关的多种教学活动,促进学生的语言发展和全人发展。

(二)故事教学的意义

1.故事图文并茂,有助于提高阅读兴趣。

由于小学生处于具体运算阶段,因此图文并茂的故事有助于帮助学生推测文本内容,减少阅读焦虑,在老师的正确引导下形成良好的阅读习惯。

2.故事富含情境,易于学生理解。

小学英语教学中的故事通常贴近于儿童生活,便于理解故事内容,容易唤起学生的共鸣,让他们在轻松的氛围中习得语言和提高语言技能。

3.故事语言重复性高,有助于学生的偶然性习得。

重复出现的外语词汇和句型结构,以及其中蕴含的短语和语法结构能帮助学生逐步积累隐性的语法知识,并且这些语言是在生动的故事情境中呈现的,因此学生能在快乐、轻松的氛围中理解、习得知识。

二、小学英语故事教学导入法——取点导入法

每一个故事都围绕“who, when, where, what”而展开。其中,故事主角的一言一行和情感的变化是读者最为关注的。笔者认为,关注故事主角,可以叩响故事前奏。

(一)从核心事物入手,导入故事

以《Module8 Unit 1 Is it a monster?》为例,本课是外研社小学英语新课标三年级起点第一册第8模块的第一单元。课标要求学生能在图片和动作的提示下听懂简单的小故事并做出适当的反应,能在图片的帮助下读懂简单的小故事,能看懂语言简单的英语动画片,能做简单的角色扮演。在热身活动后,首先展示ball,book, schoolbag,dog,cat的相关图片,并问学生“What’s this?”,最后展示一个猫型的风筝和怪物的图片,怪物风筝作为重要线索,架起了故事发展的桥梁,也成了教师设计导入的抓手。整堂课围绕风筝展开,新授完后并马上以“我是小模王”和“我是小画家”的游戏进行巩固,通过这个环节学习,以夸张的声音和肢体语言来表现生词,收到良好的效果。

  1. 从关键人物入手,导入故事教学

学生不仅对故事充满期待,对故事中的人物也充满了好奇和期待。还是以《Module8 Unit 1 Is it a monster?》为例,课文通过Sam和朋友在户外玩风筝,而风筝的图案吸引了路过的小朋友,他们通过“Is it a …?—Yes, it is./ No,it isn’t.”来猜测那是什么东西。当认为是monster时,吓得抱头大喊“help”,这时,Sam从树后面出来,那两个小朋友也看清楚了原来是kite,而不是monster. 整个故事都围绕着“kite”,更确切地说应该是一个“monster kite”而展开,从主人公的疑惑到惊吓到解惑,一波三折。

课堂实例如下:

Step 1 Warming up

1 . Sing a song: Please stand up.

2. Free talk T: All of you can sing it very well. So I want to give you a present. Look, there are 2 presents. What’s the difference?

(guide the students to say one is new, and the other is old.)

T:(show the word card new) new, n-n-new.( read it one by one.) T: Listen carefully and guess, what' s in the present?

(T plays the sound of cat.)

Ss: Cat…

T: You are so clever! It is a cat! Miao miao miao…How many cats are there in the box?Can you guess?

Ss:2...3

T: Let’s count together. 1, 2, 3...There are 4 cats. OK, now I will pide you into 4 groups. Let’s have a match to see which group can eat the fish. OK?

Step 2 Presentation

T: Now, look, so many presents. ( shows presents on the PPT) What’s in the box? Do you want to know ? If we don’ t know, we can say “I don t know.”

(T shows the card “I don’t know.”) OK! Now let’s guess: What’s in the box? First , let’s learn it together “Is it a…?” ( T writes it on the blackboard, and practice this sentence.)

T: You read it so loudly. Look, this present is from Daming. Is it a pencil? Is it a…? (guide the Ss to use “ Is it a…?” to ask.)

S1: Is it a pen?

T: Yes,it is. (T writes “Yes, it is.” on the blackboard.)

(T makes Ss guess Daming and Ms Smart’s presents. This is easy for them

T: This present is from Amy, Can you guess?(This is a little difficult for them to guess)

T: OK. Let’s see together.Wow, it's a kite! ( T shows the word card and teach the word)

T: Look, so many kites. dog kite, cat kite, bird kite and…Look, this is a monster kite, (T

Teaches “monster” if we see a monster, we should cry “help”!

T: Now, Let' s play a game: magic eyes! Whose has got a magic eyes? Read the word you see, but if you see a monster , you should cry “ help”, clear?

T:All of you have a magic eyes! Today , Sam takes his kite to the park, and an interesting thing happened, let' s go and have a look!

(T plays the CD-ROM for the first time.)

T: Now, listen again, find “ls it…?” and underline How many “ Is it a …? ” Can you find?

SS: 3

T: Good! Can you read it?

T: Now show me your finger, listen and point, and read after the CD-ROM. Pay attention to the pronunciation.

Step 3 Practice

T:(show the box) Look, Is it a pen?... Now, I put them in the box, please choose and guess, using "Is it a…?"and the whole class help him to guess out by answering “Yes, it is./ No, it isn’t.” clear?

Step 4 Consolidation

T: Let’s see what we have learned today.

Step 5 Homework

Play a guessing game with your friends, using the sentences.

Pattern: Is It a…? Yes, it is. / No, it isn't.

综上可以看出,教师会在每个环节合理运用肢体语言促进教师与学生的交流,让英语课堂更贴近学生,让学生更加容易理解。通过朗读、跟读、表演等形式让学生进行情感体验,使感情得到升华,环环相扣,水到渠成!

三、结语

故事教学适用性非常广泛,教学模式也极为灵活。如果能了解故事教学的内涵及意义,巧妙设计教学环节,利用取点导入法等教学导入方法,将故事这种最受小学生欢迎的文本形式运用到外语教学当中,对于促进学生外语语言素养的整体发展具有很大的作用!

参考文献:

【1】王蔷等著.2017.小学英语分级阅读教学:意义、内涵与途径.北京:外语教学与研究出版社.

【2】中华人民共和国教育部.2012.义务教育英语课程标准(2011年版)北京:北京师范大学出版社