如何简化从句

如何简化从句

魏哲婷

魏哲婷（内蒙古通辽市开鲁一中028000）

英语从句法上分有词类（实词虚词）、句型结构（五大句型结构）、和句子类型（简单句、复合句），复合句有名词性从句（主语从句、表语从句、宾语从句、同位语从句），形容词从句（定语从句）副词性从句（状语从句）。如果如果学生能够正确理解句子并能简化，运用时就可以用不同的形式表达同样的意思。无论做选择题还是运用到写作上，都会有不同的效果，那么该如何简化呢？本人从教学过程中总结了一些实例谈谈一点想法。

一、如何简化宾语从句

1当谓语动词是tellteachdiscusswonder等词时，后面的宾语从句可转化为特殊问句词+不定式。

如：Heshowedushowweshoulddothework.

→Heshowedushowtodothework.

IdonotknowwhatIwilldo→Idonotknowwhattodo.

2谓语动词是decidehopewishchoose等词时如果主句和从句主语相同,可转化为V+不定式短语

shehopesthatshewillbebacksoon.

→shehopestobebacksoon.

二、如何简化定语从句

1用过去分词

HeistheonlypersonwhowasinvitedtotheParty.

→HeistheonlypersoninvitedtotheParty.

2用现在分词

IhaveafriendwholivesinLonden.

→IhaveafriendlivinginLonden.

3用不定式

Hehasalargefamilythathemustsupport.

→Hehasalargefamilytosupport.

4用介词短语

Thereasonwhyhewasabsentwasthathewasill.

→Thereasonforhisabsencewasthathewasill.

三状语从句转化

1由whensinceasthanwhileif引导的状语从句，如果主语与从句主语一致，从句主语可省

youmustbecarefulwhenyouarecrossingthestreet.

→youmustbecarefulcrossingthestreet.

2当从语的主语是it谓语动词是be或从语为therebe句型，时，it和be或therebe句型可省略

Hewillbeheretogiveyouhelpwhenitisnecessary.

→Hewillbeheretogiveyouhelpwhennecessary

Wecangohereifitisnecessany→Wecangohereifnecessany

3so—that引导的从句可转化为too_tonotenough-to或inorderto

sheissoyoungthatshecannotgotoschool.

→sheistooyoungtogotoschool.

→sheisnotoldenoughtogotoschool.

Hegotupearlysothathemightcatchtheearlybus.

→Hegotupsoearlyastocatchtheearlybus.

→Inordertocatchtheearlybus,hegetupearly.

4if引导的主从条件复合句可转化为祈使句+and+将来时

Ifyouwordhard,youwillsucceed

→Workhardandyouwillsucceed

Ifyoucangiveusonemoreweek,wewillfinishit.

→Onemoreweek,andwewillfinishit.

5once引导的时间状语从句简化为once+过去分词

Theresearchissodesignedthatonceitisbegun,nothingcanbedonetochangeit.

→Theresearchissodesignedthatoncebegunnothingcanbedonetochangeit.

6assoonasthemomenttheminutetheinsrantimmediatelydirectly可转化：

1on+n/ving如：onhisarrival/onhearingthenews.

2to/at+natthesightof/tothesoundof

四其他

1虚拟句的转化

Iftherehadnotbeenhishelp,Iwouldnothavemadesomuchprogress.

→Withouthishelp,Iwouldnothavemadesomuchprogress.

还可用butfor

2并列句的转化

Oneofthesidesoftheboardshouldbepaintedyellow,andtheothershouldbepaintedwhite.

→Oneofthesidesoftheboardshouldbepaintedyellow,andtheotherwhite.

3主语从句

Whatweshoulddonextstillremainsaproblem.

→Whattodonextstillremainsaproblem.

4表语从句

Myideaisthatweshoulddomoreworkwithlessmoney.

→Myideaisforustodomoreworkwithlessmoney.

5Itissaid/thought可转化为sbissaid/sbisthought

Itissaidthatheisrich→Heissaidtoberich.

以上仅仅是自己的一点归纳，有不当之处，请见谅。