略谈therebe结构

略谈therebe结构

旷秋玲

贵州省晴隆县民族中学旷秋玲

Therebe结构表示“在什么地方（或时间）存在（或不存在）某物某事或某人”，其名型为：

Therebe+主语（名词）+地点（时间）状语

这个句子结构中的there是引导词，本身无词义，tobe为谓语动词，be后的名词是主语，两者的数必须保持一致，句子最后是地点（或时间）状语。就其在中学教材中的具体用法，笔者在此简述如下：

一、therebe结构可用于各种时态。例句：

It’swell-knowntousthatthereisnocanonthemoon.

Howmanyseasonsarethereinayear?

Thereisgoingtobeaget-togetherintheauditoriumofourschooltomorrow.

TherewerenobridgesovertheChangJiangRiverbeforeliberation.

Therehavebeengoodresultsintheexperiment.

二、therebe可与情态动词连用。例句：

Theremustbenomoretimewasted.

Therecan’tbeanystudentsintheclassroom,forIhavelockedit.

Thereshouldn’tbesuchmistakesinyourcomposition.

Theremightbedrinksifyouwaitabit.

Everyfewhundredmetresalongthewallthereusedtobesoldierstokeepwatch.

三、therebe结构可与appear，seem，happen连用，构成thereseemstobe等形式。例句：

Thereseemstobesomemisunderstandingaboutthematter.

Thereappearstobeseveralreasonsforchangingourplans.

Therehappenedtobeaseveredroughtinourhometownlastyear.

四、there可与tobe和being连用。例句：

Iwishtheretobenodifficultiesinbuildingthenewstation.

Wedon’twanttheretobeanymoretrouble.

Therebeingnobus,theyhadtogothereonfoot.

What’sthechanceoftherebeingaschoolsportsmeetnextterm?

五、therebe结构有时不用be，也可和其它一些动词连用。例如：表示状态的动词stand，live，exist，remain等，或描写某事发生或某人到达的动词come，arise，appear，start，enter，follow等。

例句：

Onceuponatimetherelivedanoldfishermaninthevillagebythesea.

Therestandsamonumenttothepeople’sheroesonthetopofthehill.

Therefollowedafrighteningcryforhelp.

TherecomesthetrainforKunming.

Suddenlythereenteredastrangerinblack.

六、“Therebe+名词+非谓语动词”结构。例句：

Thereisapolicecargoingthroughthemountainvillage.

Thereweremanyofthehousesdestroyedintheearthquake.

Therehavebeenlotsofgoodsforthetrucktocarry.

七、therebe结构的反意疑问句。在附加疑问句中，there可用作主语。例句：

Thereissomethingthematter,isn’tthere?

Therewon’tbeanyforeignerstovisitourfactorynextweek,willthere?

Thereusedtobeachemist’sshophere,didn’tthere?

八、当句子主语是something，anything，nothing，somebody，anybody，nobody或主语（名词）被some，any或no所修饰时，常用therebe来引导。例句：

Isthereanythingtodrinkhere？

Thereisnothingleftbutanemptybag.

Therearesomepeasantsworkinginthecottonfields.

Therewerenofootprintsofamaninthesand.

九、therebe结构与have的区别。

“therebe”表示实体存在的“有”，而“have”则表示所属的“拥用、具有”，但表示“包括”之意时，therebe结构可以用have转换句型。例句：

Therearefifteenchaptersinthenovel.

可转换为：

Thisnovelhasfifteenchapters.