简介：ObjectivesToevaluateperipheralauditorydysfunctioninseniledementiaofAlzheimer'sdisease(AD)anditsrelationshipwithcognitivedysfunction.MethodsPuretonethresholds,wordrecognitionscores(WRS),acousticimmittanceandauditorybrain-stemresponses(ABR)weretestedtoevaluatetheauditoryfunctionin43ADpatientsand50normalsubjects.ThetestreliabilityinthesesubjectswasexaminedbeforethetestresultswereevaluatedfortheircorrelationwiththeMiniMentalStateExamination(MMSE)score.ResultsTherewerenostatisticallysignificantdifferencesinperipheralauditoryfunctionsbetweenthetwoearsinthetestedsubjectsorbetweenthetwogroupswhentheauditometricresultsoftherightearwerecompared(P>0.05).Also,therewerenostatisticallysignificantdifferencesbetweenthetwogroupswhenaudiometrictestreliability,acousticimpedanceandABRresultswerecompared(P>0.05).ConclutionsThepuretoneaudiometricthresholdandWRSinADpatientsaresimilartothoseincomparablenon-ADsenilesubjects.Peripheralauditorydysfunctionisnotrelatedtocognitivedysfunction.

简介：ThisarticlereviewstheeffectivenessofintratympaniccorticosteroidsforvertigocontrolinM_eni_ere'sdiseaseat2-yearsfollow-upaccordingtotheguidelinesexpressedbytheAmericanAcademyofOtolaryngology-Head&NeckSurgery.DespitetheincreaseduseofintratympaniccorticosteroidsforvertigocontrolinM_eni_ere'sdiseasethereisdebateastotheireffectiveness,particularlycomparedtogentamicin.Evenso,afterjustasinglecourseofinjections,corticosteroidscanreliablyprovidecompletevertigocontrol(ClassA)at2-yearsinabout50%ofcasesasindicatedinarecentdouble-blindrandomizedcontrolledclinicaltrial(Pateletal.,2016).Buttheeffectivenessofintratympaniccorticosteroidstrulyincreaseswhentreatmentisprovided'as-needed',wherebycompletevertigocontrolisestablishedinupto91%ofcases.Onthebasisofavailableliterature,thereisgoodevidencetorecommendtheuseofintratympanicsteroidtreatmentforvertigocontrolinM_eni_ere'sdisease,butpatientsmustbemonitoredfornon-response.Therationalefortreatingpatientsas-neededandthepossiblereasonsforcorticosteroidnonresponsearediscussed.

简介：Bell’spalsyisacommonlyseencranialnervediseaseandcanresultincompromisedfacialappearanceandfunctions.Itsetiology,prognosisandtreatmentarestillbeingdebated.Thispaperisareviewofrecentdevelopmentintheunderstandingofetiology,diagnosisandnon-surgicaltreatmentofBell’spalsy.

简介：ObjectiveToreportoutcomesofnonsurgicalandsurgicalmanagementofMenière’sdiseaseatBeijingTiantanHospital.MethodsPatientswithMenière’sdiseasewerecategorizedintogroupsbasedonhearingandqualityoflife.Individualizedmanagementwasprovided,includinglifestylemodification,drugtherapies,endolymphaticsacdecompressionandlabyrinthectomy.Treatmentoutcomeswereevaluatedduringupto24monthsfollowup.ResultsEightysevenpatientsunderwentlifestylemodificationanddrugtherapies.ThevertigocontrolrateofGradeAandBwas76.9%and83.8%respectively.Sixpatientsreceivedsurgicalmanagement,includingendolymphaticsacdecompression(n=5)andlabyrinthectomy(n=1).Forthesepatients,thevertigocontrolrateofGradeAandBwas80%and100%,respectively.ConcluIsionsManagementofMenière’sdiseasedependsonseveralfactors,i.e.severitiesofvertigoandhearingloss,qualityoflife,surgicalcontraindicationsandpatientsubjectivedesire.Thetreatmentisdrugtherapiesforthemajorityofpatients,aswellaslifestylemodification.Surgicalindicationsarerareandtheleastinvasiveproceduresshouldbeconsideredfirst.Theresultsofsurgeryaregenerallysatisfying.

简介：目的通过本实验证明s/z比值在聋儿言语呼吸中的临床应用价值.材料:在上海市随机选取4-17岁640名健听儿童,从国内外数家康复中心随机选出共29名配戴助听器且采用腹式呼吸的聋儿接受s/z测试,以及30名接受胸式呼吸训练的配戴助听器聋儿.方法采用"实时言语矫治仪"进行测试,令受试者先发/s/音,然后发/z/音,均符合最长声时的发音要求,然后求其比值.结果s/z比值不受年龄、性别的影响,且聋儿组康复训练前后s/z比值有着显著性差异,胸式呼吸的s/z比远大于腹式呼吸组.结论s/z比值能够进一步检测出聋儿言语呼吸不协调的问题,为制定康复方案提供了有价值的参考;同时证明胸式呼吸不仅使得聋儿的言语呼吸支持不足,而且造成呼吸和发音系统的严重不协调.

简介：目的验证自适应噪声下旬子识别阈测试方法的可靠性，获得自适应噪声下语句识别阈算法的正常青年男性参考值。方法21名正常听力男性青年（平均年龄21±1．56岁）接受测试。采用嘈杂语噪声下汉语短旬识别测听材料，使用自行编制的自适应算法经言语测昕软件进行噪声下旬子识别阈测试。受试者每人每耳各测试2表。使用维验将获得的平均识别阈SNR‰与所采用材料的整体识别阈SNR50进行比较。结果自适应方法测得噪声下平均句子识别阈SNR50a为（-5．75±0．92）dB。左右耳识别阈之间无统计学差异（P=0．0796）。正常青年男性95％医学参考值范围为（-7．55dB，-3．95dB）。使用自适应算法获得的噪声下旬子识别阈略高于正常听力人群中通过多强度测试获得的识别阈（P〈0．0001）。结论该自适应噪声下语句识别阈算法快速、可靠，为临床提供了一种评价噪声下言语识别能力的测听方法。

简介：目的观察Nucleus24CA型人工耳蜗植入后电极阻抗、行为反应阈值（T-level,T级）及最大舒适级（C-level,C级）的变化规律,分析其内在联系,探讨其对术后调机的指导意义。方法对81例植入Nucleus24CA型人工耳蜗患儿,分别在术中、术后1、2、6个月进行电极阻抗阈值测试,收集术后对应T、C值,并对其变化规律及相关性进行统计学分析。结果电极阻抗值术中检测最低,术后1月开机最高,此后逐渐减低（P〈0.01）;自蜗顶至蜗底各通道间电极阻抗值无显著差异（P〉0.05）。各电极通道T值、C值随术后时间延长逐渐增高（P〈0.05）,并与电极阻抗值呈线性相关。结论测定电极阻抗值是评估人工耳蜗刺激电极状态的有效手段;术后2月应同时调试T值及C值,此后则应对C值进行重点调试。

简介：目的探索不同f2/f1比值对DPOAEs幅值的影响,寻找最佳的测试参数,以得到最大的DPOAEs测值.方法对12例(24耳)正常青年人进行不同f2/f1比值条件下的DPOAEs幅值测试.结果当f1/f1=1.220时,DPOAEs幅值最大(P＜0.05或P＜0.01).当f2/f1=1.232时,除了f2=2002Hz处以外,其DPOAEs幅值与f2/f1=1.220时无显著性差异(P＞0.05).其他f2/f1值的DPOAEs幅值均较低,多数测值与f2/f1=1.220时相比均有显著性差异(P＜0.05或P＜0.01).结论f2/f1=1.220～1.232时,DPOAEs测值最大,此范围为最佳测试参数值.

简介：目的：对70岁以上老人的听力障碍情况进行调查，了解高龄老年人群的听力损失特点。方法对103例70岁以上老人进行老年听力障碍量表筛查版（HHIE-S）问卷调查，并采集基本健康信息。结果在103例受调查者中，34例存在听力障碍（33.0%）。存在听力障碍的老人中，70～79岁5例（15.6%），80～89岁21例（36.8%），90～98岁8例（57.1%）。罹患糖尿病对于总得分、情绪得分、社交场景得分具有显著影响（P〈0.05）；年龄对社交场景得分有显著影响（P〈0.05），80岁以下的老年人社交场景得分低于80岁以上老年人（P〈0.05）；噪声接触史对社交场景得分有显著影响（P〈0.05）。结论HHIE-S可较好反映70岁以上老年人听力障碍情况。