简介：以由Lewenstein模型的单个原子的导致的偶极子时刻，我们在场宏观的高顺序的泛音产生从混合他和有由解决三维的麦克斯韦泛音的方程的不同混合比率的Ne气体成立了。然后我们由瓦格纳等显示出混合明确的表达的有效性。[Phys。加快。一76(2007)061403(R)]在宏观的反应水平。最后，用适合的最少的广场，我们在Kanai等由明确的表达检索短轨道的电子回来时间。[Phys。加快。Lett。98(2007)153904]当煤气的喷气被放在激光以后时，集中。

简介：Inthispaper,wehavedevelopedahighlyefficientmethodforthedirectpreparationofpropylenecarbonatefrompropyleneandcarbondioxide(CO2)usingquaternaryammoniumheteropolyphosphatotungstate–quaternaryammoniumhalidecatalyticsystemwithanhydroushydrogenperoxideasanoxidantthroughone-pottwo-stepprocess.Theeffectsoftheamountoftetrabutylammoniumbromide(TBAB),theconcentrationofhydrogenperoxideandotherreactionconditionswereinvestigated.Thecatalystsystemgaveanoptimumpropyleneoxideyield(91%)at75°Cinoxidationstepandthehighestpropylenecarbonateyield(99%)at140°Cand3.0MPaincycloadditionstep.Basedontheresults,areactionmechanismhasbeenproposed.

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简介：Ithasbeenreportedthattheminimalspatiallyextendedphytoplankton-zooplanktonsystemexhibitsbothtemporalregular/chaoticbehaviour,andspatiotemporalchaosinapatchyenvironment.Asafurtherinvestigationbymeansofcomputersimulationsandtheoreticalanalysis,inthispaperweobservethatthespiralwavesmayexistandthespatiotemporalchaosemergewhentheparametersarewithinthemixedTuring-Hopfbifurcationregion,whicharisesfromthefar-fieldbreakupofthespiralwavesoveralargerangeofdiffusioncoefficientsofphytoplanktonandzooplankton.Moreover,thespatiotemporalchaosarisingfromthefar-fieldbreakupofspiralwavesdoesnotgraduallyinvadethewholespaceofthatregion.Ourresultsareconfirmedbynonlinearbifurcationofwavetrains.Wealsodiscussecologicalimplicationsofthesespatiallystructuredpatterns.

简介：Entangledphotonsarethefundamentalresourceinquantuminformationprocessing.Howtoproducethemefficientlyhasalwaysbeenamatterofconcern.HereweproposeanewwaytoproducecorrelatedphotonsefficientlyfrommonolayerWS2basedonboundstatesinthecontinuum(BICs).TheBICsofradiationmodesinthemonolayerWS2arerealizedbydesigningthephotoniccrystalslab-WS2-slabstructure.Thegenerationefficiencyofcorrelatedphotonpairsfromsuchastructurehasbeenstudiedbyusingarigorousquantummodelofspontaneousparametricdown-conversionwiththeplanewaveexpansionmethod.ItisfoundthatthegenerationefficiencyofcorrelatedphotonpairsisgreatlyimprovedifthesignalandidlerfieldsarelocatedattheBICsdeterminedbytheinversescatteringmatrixofthestructure.Thisisincontrasttotheparametricdown-conversionprocessfortheenhancedgenerationofnonlinearwavesifthepumpfieldislocatedattheBICsdeterminedbythescatteringmatrixofthestructure.Thegenerationrateofthecorrelatedphotonpairscanbeimprovedby7ordersofmagnitudeinsomedesignedstructures.Thegeneratedquantumsignalsaresensitivetothewavelengthandexhibitnarrowedrelativelinewidth,whichisverybeneficialforquantuminformationprocessing.

简介：怪物状态在1D数组被学习了，并且许多不同怪物状态用不同模型被发现了。研究最近被扩大了到2D数组，但是仅仅到他们的阶段模型。这里，我们把它递非局部的联合的影响上的神经原和焦点的2D数组的一个nonphase模型。用广泛的数字模拟，令人惊讶地，我们发现这个系统能显示出以前观察的怪物状态的大多数类型，与以前的模型相对照，在怪物状态的仅仅或一些类型能在每个模型被观察的地方。我们也发现这个模型能显示出象gridding那样的一些特殊像怪物的模式和multicolumn模式，它以前仅仅在阶段模型被观察。进一步，我们在场一条有效途径，即，移开联合的一些连接，产生异构的联合，它导致多样的像怪物的模式并且甚至从一个像怪物的模式导致转变到另外一个。

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简介：Thecreationandpropagationoflongitudinalacousticphonons(LAPs)inhighqualityhematitethinfilms(α-Fe2O3)epitaxiallygrownondifferentsubstrates(BaTiO3,SrTiO3,andLaAlO3)areinvestigatedusingthefemtosecondpump–probetechnique.Transientreflectionmeasurements(?R/R)indicatethephoto-excitedelectrondynamics,andtheinitialdecaylessthan1psandtheslowdecayof～500psareattributedtotheelectron-LOphononcouplingandelectron–holenonradiativerecombination,respectively.LAPsinα-Fe2O3filmcanbecreatedbyultrafastexcitationoftheligandfieldstate,suchastheligandfieldtransitionsunder800-nmexcitationaswellastheligandtometalcharge-transferwith400-nmexcitation.Thestrainmodulationsofthesoundvelocityandtheout-of-planeelasticpropertiesaredemonstratedinα-Fe2O3filmondifferentsubstrates.

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简介：Themajorcausesofthesoundpressurelevel(SPL)variationduetothechangesoftheinclinedangleofacircularcylinderandtheaspectratio(ratioofdistancebetweenendplatestocylinderdiameter)wereinvestigated.Thevelocityfluctuationofthewakeandthesurfacepressurefluctuationofthecylinderweremeasuredinalownoisewindtunneltofindthecorrelationlength,coherentoutputpowerandStrouhalnumber.TheresultsshowthatthechangesofthesevaluesqualitativelycorrespondwiththechangeofSPL.Flowvisualizationtestsareperformedtoclarifythevariationofwakeinrelationwithinclinedangleandaspectratio.ItisfoundthatthespanwisestructureofKarman’svortexstreetisbrokendownbytheupwardflowsgeneratedaroundthebottomendplate,andthedegreeoftheinterferencebetweentheupwardflowandKarman’svortexstreetissmallerwhentheaspectratioislarger.

简介：Withthedevelopmentofultraintenseterawatt(TW)andpetawatt(PW)lasersystems,powerfulterahertz(THz)radiationfromlaser–plasmainteractionshasbeenreported.Plasma-basedTHzsystems,whichareusuallyoperatedatextremelylowrepetitionrates,callforsingle-shotdiagnostics.Inthispaper,variousstate-of-the-artsingle-shotdetectionmethodsareintroducedordesignedformeasurementsandapplicationsinvolvedinhigh-powerplasma-basedTHzsciences.

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简介：从激光的单音的精力充沛的电子横梁的自我注射和加速弄醒地加速器首先在高度相对论的政体被调查，用100TW班，27fs激光脉搏。有象一样高的精力的Quasi-monoenergetic捆得多的横梁多--百兆电子伏与显示自我开水道的形成和电子的自我注射进血浆的散布方面的排出物的同时的大小被观察醒来，叫作一个“水泡”。三维的particle-in-cell模拟与1.5GeV/cm的坡度证实了电子捆的多重自我注射进水泡和他们的横梁加速。

简介：Monolithicwhite-light-emittingdiodes（whiteLEDs）withoutphosphorsaredemonstratedusingInGaN/GaNmultiplequantumwells（MQWs）grownonGaNmicroringsformedbyselectiveareaepitaxyonSiO2maskpatterns.Themicroringstructureiscomposedof{1-101}semi-polarfacetsanda（0001）c-plane,attributedtofavorablesurfacepolarityandsurfaceenergy.ThewhitelightisrealizedbycombiningshortandlongwavelengthsofelectroluminescenceemissionsfromInGaN/GaNMQWsonthe{1-101}semi-polarfacetsandthe（0001）c-plane,respectively.ThechangeintheemissionwavelengthsfromeachmicrofacetisduetotheIncompositionvariationsoftheMQWs.Theseresultssuggestthatwhiteemissioncanpossiblybeobtainedwithoutusingphosphorsbycombiningemissionlightfrommicrostructures.

简介：Thetime-delaysignature(TDS)ofchaosoutputina1550nmvertical-cavitysurface-emittinglaser(VCSEL)subjecttofiberBragggrating(FBG)feedbackisinvestigatedexperimentally.Autocorrelationfunction(ACF)andmutualinformation(MI)areusedforquantitativelyidentifyingtheTDSofchaos.Forvariousbiascurrents,theTDSevolutionwiththefeedbackstrengthisdifferent,astheFBGprovideswavelength-selectivefeedback.Furthermore,basedontheTDSmapoftheFBGfeedbackVCSEL(FBGF-VCSEL)intheparameterspaceoffeedbackstrengthandbiascurrent,theoptimalTDSsuppressionregions,wherethedominantpolarizationmodeofFBGF-VCSELlocatesattheedgeofthemainlobeofFBGreflectionspectrum,havebeendetermined.Finally,forcomparativepurpose,theTDSofchaosinmirrorfeedbackVCSEL(MF-VCSEL)alsohasbeenpresented,andtheresultsshowthatanFBGF-VCSELpossessesbetterTDSsuppressionperformancethananMF-VCSEL.

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简介：Adoptingthecharge-dependentArgonneV_(18)plusmicroscopicthree-bodyforces,theequationofstate(EOS)andsingleparticlepropertiesofsymmetricnuclearmatterhavebeeninvestigatedinBrueckner-Hartree-Fock(BHF)framework~[1].Themicroscopicthree-bodyforcemodel

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