简介：目的分析泪囊鼻腔吻合术术后复发的原因并探讨再次手术的可行性。方法对11例泪囊鼻腔吻合术术后复发的患者予以再手术治疗,随访半年至一年。结果复发原因：泪囊未完全切开2例,骨孔过小或位置错误4例,吻合腔或骨孔内肉芽组织增生堵塞5例;10例术后流泪消失,泪道冲洗通畅,占90.91%,1例流泪减轻,泪道冲洗基本畅通,占9.09%。结论泪囊鼻腔吻合术术后复发患者可以通过再次手术重建泪道,是治疗泪囊鼻腔吻合术术后复发的有效方法之一。

简介：角膜内皮移植是一种针对内皮功能失调患者的靶标性角膜移植术，从萌芽发展至今，已逾半个多世纪，历经几代眼科学者承前启后的摸索和艰难实践，正在一步步朝安全、有效、视力快速康复的方向演进。

简介：AIM:ToInvestigatetheeffectsoftransforminggrowthfactorβ2(TGF-β2)andconnectivetissuegrowthfactor(CTGF)ontransdifferentiationofhumanlensepithelialcells(HLECs)culturedinvitroandsynthesisofextracellularmatrix(ECM).METHODS:HLECsweretreatedwithTGF-β2(0,0.5,1.0,5,10μg/L)andCTGF(0,15,30,60,100μg/L)fordifferenttimes(0,24,48,72h)invitroandtheexpressionofα-smoothmuscleactin(α-SMA),themaincomponentoftheextracellularmatrixtypeⅠcollagen(Col-1)andfibronectin(Fn)weremeasuredbyusingreal-timepolymerasechainreaction(PCR)andwestern-blot.RESULTS:TGF-β2andCTGFsignificantlyincreasedexpressionofα-SMAmRNAandprotein(P<0.05,P<0.001),FnmRNAandprotein(P<0.001),Col-1mRNAandprotein(P<0.001).TGF-β2couldinduceHLECsexpressionofCTGFmRNAandproteinindosedependentmanner(P<0.05,P<0.001).TGF-β2andCTGFcouldinduceHLECstoexpressα-SMA,FnandCol-1intime-dependentmanner.EachtimeofTGF-β2andCTGFinducedHELCsexpressionofα-SMA,Fn,Col-1mRNAandproteinwassignificantincreasecomparedwithcontrol(P<0.05,P<0.001).CONCLUSION:TGF-β2andCTGFcouldinduceHLECsepithelialmesenchymaltransitionandECMsynthesis.

简介：Mostoftheoculartumorshavepoorprognosis,andtheyremainadifficultproblemintheareaofophthalmology.Withtherapiddevelopmentofmolecularbiologyandimmunologictechniquesandthedeepresearchonoculartumorrelatedgenes,itbecomespossibletodiagnoseandtreatmalignanttumorsfromthemolecularlevel.Thetumornecrosisfactorrelatedapoptosis-inducingligand(TRAIL),amemberofthetumornecrosisfactor(TNF)superfamily,isapromisingcandidate,eitheraloneorincombinationwithestablishedcancertherapies,sinceitcaninitiateapoptosisthroughtheactivationoftheirdeathreceptors.TheabilityofTRAILtoselectivelyinduceapoptosisoftransformed,virus-infectedortumorcellsbutnotnormalcellspromotesthedevelopmentofTRAIL-basedcancertherapy.Here,wewillreviewTRAILanditsreceptors’structure,function,mechanismofactionandapplicationinoculartumorstherapy.

简介：目的：通过光学相干断层扫描（opticalcoherencetomography,OCT）检查比较屈光参差性单眼弱视青少年弱视眼与非弱视眼黄斑区视网膜厚度（macularretinalthickness,MRT）、黄斑容积的差异,研究弱视眼视网膜黄斑参数的特征。方法：选取屈光参差性单眼弱视青少年31例,利用OCT技术分别检测双眼黄斑视网膜厚度和容积,比较同一受检者弱视眼与非弱视眼的差异。并用A超测量眼轴长度,分析黄斑厚度、黄斑容积与眼轴的关系。结果：弱视眼黄斑中心凹1mm区域及鼻侧内圈厚度比正常眼厚（P=0.0358,0.0003）,而黄斑部位其它分区厚度及黄斑总容积弱视眼和正常眼相比差异均无统计学意义（P〉0.05）。不同程度弱视患者间黄斑各参数差异均无统计学意义（P〉0.05）。弱视眼及非弱视眼黄斑参数与眼轴之间无明显相关性。结论：屈光参差性单眼弱视青少年弱视眼黄斑的组织结构上存在一定差异。

简介：糖尿病性视网膜病变(Diabeticretinopathy,DR)是最为常见的致盲性眼底病变之一,其发病机制不明.长期以来,早期对于糖尿病性视网膜病变的治疗只是单纯控制血糖,但这并不能完全阻止糖尿病性视网膜病变的进一步发展.因此,研究全身相关因素的影响作用十分重要.近年来,国内外大量研究认为,许多全身因素对糖尿病性视网膜病变发生发展起重要作用.本文综述此方面成果,总结必须严格控制的相关危险因素,为最终通过全身综合干预以早期控制糖尿病性视网膜病变提供思路.

简介：<正>今天许多种类的内窥镜已应用于临床诊断。由于优良的光源和光导系统使得精确的观察成为现实。手术可以在电视屏幕下操作,并获得优质的屏幕影像和内窥镜手术像片资料。1959年HopkinsHH博士发明了棒状透镜,1960年StorzK.在此基础上添加了光导纤维,这些形成了现代内窥镜突破性进展。本文总结了与内窥镜发明者StorzK.的谈话内容。早期的内窥镜是JacksonC.医学博士设计的,在许多年内,这个设计没有进一步改进。培养一个内窥镜医师需要许多年时间在实验室用很讲究的方

简介：AIM:Todeterminethehistopathologicalchangesofrifampicinappliedintravitreallyonretinalganglioncellsbymeansofstereologicalandhistopathologicalmethods.METHODS:Forthisstudytwenty-fourNewZealandadultrabbitsweredividedintofourgroups(n=6foreachgroup).50μg/0.1mL(group1),100μg/0.1mL(group2),150μg/0.1mL(group3)and200μg/0.1mL(group4),rifampicinwereinjectedintothevitreousoftherighteyesofanimals,theirlefteyeswereusedascontrol(group5).Afterthe28thdayofapplication,animalswereanesthetisedwithxylazine(8mg/kg,IM)andthentheireyeswereenucleatedimmediately.Patternsweretakenawayandeyeswerepreparedforbothstereologicalandelectromicroscopicobservation.RESULTS:Dependingonthehighdoseofrifampicin,somehistopathologicalchangessuchascytoplasmicdilatationanddamagedmembranewereobservedontheelectromicroscopiclevel.Usingquantitativeexamination,whichwasdoneatthelightmicroscopiclevel,itwasshownthatthenumberofneuronsdecreasedlinearlyasrifampicindoseincreasedwhencomparedwiththecontrolgroup.CONCLUSION:Basedonthesefindings,low-doserifampicin(50μg/0.1mL)maybeusefulfortreatmentoftheoculardiseases.

简介：甲状腺癌是临床上常见的恶性肿瘤，约占全身肿瘤的1，3％，占头颈部肿瘤的5．1％。病理类型分为乳头状腺癌（60％～80％）、滤泡状腺癌（20％）、髓样癌（3％-10％）及未分化癌（15％）。分化型甲状腺癌包括乳头状腺癌和滤泡状腺癌，发病率高，生长缓慢，恶性程度较低。由于基层医院在术前诊断方面的欠缺，术中往往没有冷冻病理检查，造成手术不规范，需要再次手术修正。现对我院52例需再次手术的分化型甲状腺癌病例进行分析，总结如下。

简介：目的：评价超声乳化白内障吸除联合人工晶状体植入术后人工晶状体眼的波前像差，讨论不同设计的人工晶状体对术后人工晶状体眼波前像差的影响。方法：选择年龄相关性白内障患者62例（69眼），年龄41～84（平均63．4±4．0）岁。其中男24例（28眼），女38例（41眼），右眼38例，左眼31例。随机平均分为3组，使年龄性别相匹配。其中A组植入三片式人工晶状体（ACRYsof^@MA60BM），B组植入一片式人工晶状体（ACRYsof^@SA60AT），C组植入蓝光滤过型一片式人工晶状体（ACRYsof^@SN60AT）。同一术者，同一超声乳化仪（Alcon^@INFINITIVISIONSYSTEM）和手术显微镜（CarlZeissStativS88），术中均采用角膜曲率最高经线上宽3．2mm长1．75mm的角巩膜缘隧道切口。术后1mo使用客观型波前像差仪（NidekOPD-scanARK-10000）进行波前像差检测，得出总体高阶像差的均方根（RMSh）。结果：A组三片式（ACRYsof^@MA60BM）的RMSh平均达到0．702±0．090μm，B组一片式（ACRYsof^@SA60AT）的RMSh平均达到0．529±0．067μm，C组蓝光滤过型一片式（ACRYsof^@SN60AT）的RMSh平均达到0．566±0．066μm。三组比较采用单向方差分析，5．0mm瞳孔大小时A组的总体像差值最高（P〈0．01），其余两组没有显著性差异（P=0．126）。组间差异有统计学意义。结论：人工晶状体襻的设计对超声乳化白内障吸除联合人工晶状体植入术后人工晶状体眼的像差有明显影响，但光学区染色对单色像差的影响无统计学差异。这一结果对进一步完善白内障手术以及人工晶状体材料和设计的改善提供了有意义的信息。

简介：目的探讨增殖相关基因Ki-67和凋亡相关基因Bax、Bcl-2在喉癌中的表达和临床意义.方法采用免疫组织化学SP法检测存档石蜡标本喉鳞状细胞癌50例、不典型增生36例、喉正常黏膜10例中Ki-67、Bax、Bcl-2的表达.结果Ki-67在以上三组的表达率分别为52%、50%、10%,Ki-67在喉癌的表达率明显高于喉正常黏膜(P＜0.05),Ki-67在不典型增生中的表达率明显高于喉正常粘膜(P＜0.05),Bcl-2在以上三组表达率分别为44%、11%、0%.Bcl-2在喉癌组表达明显高于不典型增生和正常黏膜组(P＜0.05),Bax在以上三组表达率分别为76%、77%、78%、80%,各组之间差异无显著性.结论1.随着上皮细胞增殖活性增强,Ki-67表达增加,提示ki-67与喉癌的发生、发展有关,对表达增强者,应作进一步检查.2.Bcl-2检测结果,对鉴别喉部良、恶性病变有参考意义.

简介：目的：研究柚皮素对激光诱发大鼠脉络膜新生血管形成（CNV）、高眼压兔眼血流和缺血大鼠眼视网膜功能恢复的作用。方法：选择雄性棕色挪威大鼠，采用激光诱发Bruch膜破裂后，予10g/L（20mg／kg）柚皮素，1次／d，持续4wk；光凝后2，4wk分别做眼底荧光血管造影，评估CNV的形成。采用彩色微球技术、眼电生理技术检测兔眼血流和大鼠视网膜功能恢复。结果：与对照组比较，10g／L柚皮素能明显增加高眼压兔眼脉络膜血流（P〈0．05），能明显增加缺血大鼠眼视网膜功能恢复（P〈0．05），能明显减轻光凝点荧光素渗漏（75．8％～95．0％，P〈0．01）。结论：柚皮素能抑制激光诱发大鼠络膜新生血管形成；增加高眼压兔眼脉络膜血流；增加缺血大鼠眼视网膜功能恢复。

简介：目的：探讨胎牛血清对小鼠角膜上皮细胞生长和分化的影响。方法：分别在无血清低钙培养基（KSFM）和含100mL／L胎牛血清的KSFM中培养小鼠角膜上皮细胞。比较两种培养基中角膜上皮细胞的群体倍增（PD）。通过RT-PCR和Westernblotting方法检测p63、角蛋白19以及involucrin的表达。结果：在KSFM中，小鼠角膜上皮细胞可稳定传代超过25代，但在含胎牛血清的培养基中，细胞仅能存活3代。在KSFM中，培养细胞呈典型铺路石样外观，RT-PCR和Westernblotting结果显示细胞表达p63、角蛋白19以及involucrin。当培养基中加入胎牛血清后，细胞形态明显增大，呈扁平状；involucrin表达显著增强。结论：胎牛血清可抑制小鼠角膜上皮细胞增生、诱导其分化。

简介：AIM:Tocomparethetrabecularmeshwork(TM)andirisapoptosisoftreatedanduntreatedprimaryopenangleglaucoma(POAG)patients.METHODS:Eighttreatment-naive,newlydiagnosed(group1)and11medlcaiytreated(group2)patientswithPOAGwereincludedinthestudy.Eachpatientunderwentalimbus-basedtrabeculectomy.TheTMandperipheralirisspecimensweredissectedoutandweresnap-frozeninliquidnitrogenandstoredat-80tuntiltheywereassayed.ApoptosisineachgroupwasassesedbyTUNELmethod.RESULTS:Themeanpatientagewas60.6±5.8years(53-68years)vs58.9±8.9years(47-70years)ingroup1andgroup2(P=0.859).Themeantreatmenttimeingroup2was22.2±7.3months(12-34months).ApoptoticindexesinTMandirisweresignificantlyhigherinPOAGpatientsusingmedication(group2)comparedtotreatment-naivePOAGpatients(group1)(P=0.004,0.015;respectively).CONCLUSION:LongtermadministrationoftopicalantiglaucomamedicationscausesadditionaltoxiceffectsonTM.

简介：AIM:Todefinetheultrasonographicstructureofnormallowereyelidanatomiccompartmentsandtheirspacialrelationshipindynamicmotion.METHODS:Highresolutionultrasound(15MHz)wasperformedonthelowereyelidsof7normalsubjects.Movementsofthelowereyelidanditscompartmentswerevisualizedwithultrasound.Inaddition,themaximalexcursionareaofthelowereyelidfatcompartmentsandretractormotionswasmeasuredbeforeandaftermotion.RESULTS:Theorbicularismusclecouldbeseenasanecholucentstructurebetweenthedermisandtheechodencefatpads.Lowereyelidfatpadseemstobedividedinto2compartmentsasrangeofmotionanddirectionofmovementofeachofthemvaries.Itseemsthatthesecompartmentshavealsodifferentbehavior.Themeasuredprofileareaofthevisiblenormallowereyelidfatpadsduringmovementofglobefromup-gazetodown-gazedecreasedby50%.Orderofmovementoflowereyelidstructuresseemstobeasfollows:afterglobemovementfistweseeretractormovement,anteriororbitalfatpad,thenskinandseptum,andfinallymovementofinferiorfatpad.CONCLUSION:Ultrasoundrepresentsanoninvasivetoolforthevisualizationoflowereyelidmorphology.Expandingitsapplicationcouldhelpusunderstandthecompartmentalchangesinphysiologicaleyelidmovement,inaginganddiseasedstudypopulations,aswellasassessoperativeoutcomes.

简介：目的设计整体运动知觉检测方法和研究正常人运动知觉特性.方法设计整体运动知觉测试软件,由微机控制,测定20例(40眼)正常人的运动知觉阈值.结果正常人运动知觉功能与性别及眼别无相关关系,而大于与小于50岁组的运动知觉分数值分别为4.47±0.40、4.85±0.16,两者具有显著性差异.结论建立了整体运动知觉检测方法,为临床应用打下了基础.

简介：AIM:Toexaminetheα-Galgeneexpressionanddistributioninthedifferentspecies/genusanddevelopingphaseanimalocularsurfacetissue.METHODS:α-Galbindingassaywerecarriedoutonvariousanimaleyesections.Photograph,slit-lampobservationonvariouseyeshowednormalcornealtransparence.RESULTS:Astrongα-Galexpressionininvertebratesandsomevertebratesoculartissue,butnoα-Galbindinginbirds,fishandmammal.α-Galexpressionchangeinthedevelopmentofmiceocularsurfacetissue(exceptsclera)anddisplaygenusdependencyinthedifferentmurineocularsurfacetissue.CONCLUSION:Thisstudyidentifiedspecificα-Galepitopesbindingareaintheocularsurfaceofseveralspeciesandmaysolvetheproblemthatnaiveocularsurfacemaybeusedasnaturalα-Galgeneknockoutmodel/highriskimmunologicrejectionmodelorocularsurfacescaffoldmaterial.

简介：目的方法结果结论分析青光眼小梁切除术后浅前房的原因及治疗效果。对2003年2月-2008年1月126例（138眼）青光眼小梁切除术后浅前房者（37眼）进行回顾性分析。138眼小梁切除手术有37眼（26.81%）发生浅前房,其发生原因有：滤过过强17眼（45.95%）,结膜瓣渗漏14眼（37.84%）,脉络膜脱离2眼（5.41%）,睫状环阻塞性青光眼1眼（2.7%）,其它3眼（8.1%）。其中33眼（89.19%）经保守治疗治愈,4眼（10.81%）经前房注射透明质酸钠治疗,使前房形成。青光眼小梁切除术后浅前房发生率较高,大部分经保守治疗可恢复正常,透明质酸钠在前房重建中效果良好。

简介：AIM:Toevaluatetheeffectofbrinzolamide-timololfixedcombinationonintraocularpressure(IOP)aftercataractsurgery.METHODS:Thestudyincluded92eyesof87patientswhounderwentcataractsurgeryandintraocularlensimplantation.Patientsscheduledforphacoemulsificationwereassignedto1of2groups.Thetreatmentgroupreceived1dropofbrinzolamide-timololfixedcombinationimmediatelyaftersurgery,andthecontrolgroupreceivednotreatment.TheIOPwasmeasuredpreoperativelyandat2hand24hpostoperatively.RESULTS:ThemeanIOPchangewaslowerinthetreatmentgroupthaninthecontrolgroupat2hpostoperatively.ThedifferencebetweenthemeanIOPvaluesofthetwogroupsat2hpostoperativelywasfoundtobestatisticallysignificant.Twenty-fourhoursafterthesurgery,themeanIOPchangewasstillhigherinthecontrolgroupwhencomparedtothetreatmentgroup.CONCLUSION:ThefixedcombinationbrinzolamidetimololcaneffectivelyreduceIOPaftercataractsurgery.

简介：AIM:Todemonstratethemorphologyandstructureofinvitroreconstructedtissue-engineeredhumancornealepithelium(TE-HCEP)withseedercellsfromanuntransfectedHCEPcellline.·METHODS:TheTE-HCEPswerereconstructedinvitrowithseedercellsfromanuntransfectedHCEPcellline,andscaffoldcarriersofdenudedamnioticmembrane(dAM)inair-liquidinterfaceculturefor3,5,7and9days,respectively.Thespecimenswereexaminedwithhematoxylin-eosin(HE)stainingofparaffin-section,immunocytochemicalstaining,scanningandtransmissionelectronmicroscopy.·RESULTS:DuringinvitroreconstructionofTE-HCEP,HCEPcellsformeda3-4,6-7and8-10layersofanHCEP-likestructureondAMsinair-liquidinterfaceculturefor3,5and7days,respectively.Butthecellsdeceasedto5-6layersandthestructureofstraifiedepitheliumbecamelooseatday9.Andthecellsmaintainedpositiveexpressionofmarkerproteins(keratin3andkeratin12),cell-junctionproteins(zonulaoccludens-1,E-cadherin,connexin43andintegrinβ1)andmembranetransportproteinofNa+-K+ATPase.TheHCEPcellsinTE-HCEPwererichinmicrovillionapicalsurfaceandestablishednumerouscell-cellandcell-dAMjunctionsatday5.·CONCLUSION:ThemorphologyandstructureofthereconstructedTE-HCEPweresimilartothoseofHCEPinvivo.TheHCEPcellsinthereconstructedTE-HCEPmaintainedthepropertiesofHCEPcells,includingabilitiesofformingintercellularandcell-extracellularmatrixjunctionsandabilitiesofperformingmembranetransportation.TheuntransfectedHCEPcellsanddAMscouldpromisinglybeusedinreconstructionHCEPequivalentforclinicalcornealepitheliumtransplantation.