简介：BasedonChina’sobservationaldatain1951-1990,afterminimizingthepossiblebiasescausedbystationrelocationandurbanheatisland,thespatialandtemporaldistributionsoftrendsformaximumandminimumtemperaturesarestudied.Theresultsshowthatincreasingtrendsofmaximumtemperaturesareintheareaswestto95°E,andnorthtotheHuanghe(Yellow)River,whiledecreasingtrendsexistineasternChinasouthtotheYellowRiver.MinimumtemperaturesaregenerallyincreasingthroughoutChina,withdominantwarmingtrendsatthehigherlatitudes.Thisresultedinveryobviousdecreasingtrendsindiurnaltemperatureranges.Theperiodiccyclesareconsistentbetweenthemaximumandminimumtemperatures,butasymmetrictrendsareveryobvious.Thesignificantincreaseofminimum(nighttime)temperaturesreflectstheevidenceofenhancementofgreenhouseeffect.Furtheranalysisshowsthatthechangesofmaximumandminimumtemperaturesaremainlyrelatedtosunshinedurationandatmosphericwatervaporcontent.

简介：ThisworkinvestigatesthedistributionofhighwindsaboveBeaufortscale6intheoffshorezonesofChinausinghigh-resolutionsatellitemeasurements.AnumericalexperimentiscarriedoutinordertofindouttheeffectsofTaiwanIslandontheformationofstrongwinds.Theanalysisindicatesthatthedistributionofhighwindoccurrenceissimilartothatoftheaveragewindvelocityinwinter.Highwindstendtobeanchoredinspecialtopographicalregions,suchastheTaiwanStrait,theBashiChannelandthesoutheastcoastofVietnam.HighwindsoccurmuchmorefrequentlyoverthewarmerthanthecolderflankofKuroshiofrontasitmeandersfromTaiwantoJapan.Thefrequencyofhighwindsdecreasesdrasticallyinspring.TheTaiwanStraitmaintainsthelargesthighwindoccurrence.Besides,highwindsremainfrequentintheBashiChannel,thesoutheasttipofTaiwanIslandandthewarmerflankofKuroshiofront.Insummer,highwindsgenerallyoccurinfrequentlyexceptoverabroadregionoffthesoutheastcoastofVietnamnear10°Nandthefrequencytheredecreasesfromsouthwesttonortheast.HighwindsaroundTaiwanIslandpresentnearaxisymmetricdistributionwithlargerfrequencyalongsoutheast-northwestdirectionandsmallerfrequencyalongsouthwest-northeastdirection.Thedominantdirectionofhighwindsexhibitsacounterclockwisecirculationsurroundingtheisland.Thefrequencyofhighwindsincreasesrapidlyinautumnandalmostrepeatsthedistributionthatappearsinwinter.ThesimulationresultssuggestthattheeffectsofTaiwanIslandtopographyonhighwindsvarywithseasons.Inwinter,topographyisthemajorcauseofhighwindsinthesurroundingoceaniczones.HighwindsinbothTaiwanStraitandthesoutheastcorneroftheislanddisappearandthefrequencydecreasesgraduallyfromsouthtonorthwhentheterrainisremoved.However,insummer,highwindfrequencyderivedfromtwosimulationswithandwithoutterrainisalmostidentical.Weattributethisphenomenontothefactorswhicharerespon

简介：何金海，周学鸣，叶荣生ＮｕｍｅｒｉｃａｌＳｔｕｄｙｏｆＵｒａｌＢｌｏｃｋｉｎｇＨｉｇｈ＇ｓＥｆｆｅｃｔＵｐｏｎＡｓｉａｎＳｕｍｍｅｒＭｏｎｓｏｏｎＣｉｒｃｕｌａｔｉｏｎａｎｄＥａｓｔＣｈｉｎａＦｌｏｏｄａｎｄＤｒｏｕｇｈｔ￥ＨｅＪｉｎｈａｉａｎｄＺｈ...

简介：TheprojectionofChina'snear-andlong-termfutureclimateisrevisitedwithanew-generationstatisticallydownscaleddataset,NEX-GDDP(NASAEarthExchangeGlobalDailyDownscaledProjections).Thisdatasetpresentsahigh-resolutionseamlessclimateprojectionfrom1950to2100bycombiningobservationsandGCMresults,andremarkablyimprovesCMIP5hindcastsandprojectionsfromlargescaletoregional-to-localscaleswithanunchangedlong-termtrend.Threeaspectsaresignificantlyimproved:(1)theclimatologyinthepastascomparedagainsttheobservations;(2)morereliablenear-andlong-termprojections,withamodifiedrangeofabsolutevalueandreducedinter-modelspreadascomparedtoCMIP5GCMs;and(3)muchaddedvalueatregional-to-localscalescomparedtoGCMoutputs.NEX-GDDPhasgreatpotentialtobecomeawidely-usedhigh-resolutiondatasetandabenchmarkofmodernclimatechangefordiverseearthsciencecommunities.

简介：ＴＨＥＤＵＳＴＳＴＯＲＭＩＮＣＨＩＮＡＺｈｕＦｕｋａｎｇ（朱福康）ａｎｄＺｈａｎｇＷｅｎｑｉａｎ（章文茜）ＩｎｓｔｉｔｕｔｅｏｆＳｙｎｏｐｔｉｃａｎｄＤｙｎａｍｉｃＭｅｔｅｏｒｏｌｏｇｙＡＢＳＴＲＡＣＴＴｈｉｓｐａｐｅｒａｎａｌｙｚｅｓｔｈｅｇｅｏｇ...

简介：Netprimaryproduction(NPP)ofcroprepresentsthecapacityofsequestratingatmosphericCO_2inagro-ecosystem,anditplaysanimportantroleinterrestrialcarboncycling.BylinkingtheCrop-CmodelwithclimatechangescenarioprojectedbyacoupledGCMFGOALSviageographicalinformationsystem(GIS)techniques,cropNPPinChinawassimulatedfrom2000to2050.ThenationalaveragedsurfaceairtemperaturefromFGOALSisprojectedtoincreaseby1.0℃overthisperiodandthecorrespondingatmosphericCO_2concentrationis535ppmby2050undertheIPCCAIBscenario.Withaspatialresolutionof10×10km~2,modelsimulationindicatedthatanannualaverageincreaseof0.6TgCyr~(-1)(Tg=10~(12)g)wouldbepossibleundertheAIBscenario.TheNPPinthelate2040swouldincreaseby5%(30TgC)withinthe98×10~6hm~2croplandareaincontrastwiththatintheearly2000s.AfurtherinvestigationsuggestedthatchangesintheNPPwouldnotbeevenlydistributedinChina.AhigherincreasewouldoccurinamajorityofregionslocatedineasternandnorthwesternChina,whileaslightreductionwouldappearinHebeiandTianjininnorthernChina.ThespatialcharacteristicsofthecropNPPchangeareattributedprimarilytotheunevendistributionoftemperaturechange.

简介：ＭｏｎｓｏｏｎｓｏｖｅｒＣｈｉｎａ￥ｂｙＤｉｎｇＹｉｈｕｉ（ＣｈｉｎｅｓｅＡｃａｄｅｍｙｏｆＭｅｔｅｏｒｏｌｏｇｉｃａｌＳｃｉｅｎｃｅｓ，Ｂｅｉｇｕｇ，Ｃｈｉｎａ）ＡＴＭＯＳＰＨＥＲＩＣＳＣＩＥＮＣＥＳＬＩＢＲＡＲＹ，１６Ｔｈｅｍｏｎｓｏｏｎｏｖｅｒ...

简介：现在的学习在冬季调查华南海(SCS)SST和ENSO的影响(1月鈥揊ebruary鈥揗arch；JFM)在由为时期使用车站观察的华南和它的动态过程上的降雨1951鈥?003，为时期的遇见的办公室哈德利中心SST数据1900鈥?008，并且为时期的ERA-40分析数据1958鈥?002。在华南上的JFM降雨与Ni有重要关联，这被发现?o-3和SCSSST。分析在ElNi显示出那?o或积极SCSSST异例年，在700hPa的西南的异例在华南海上统治，它接着搬运更多的潮湿进华南并且赞成增加的降雨。部分回归分析显示对冬季降雨的独立ENSO影响主要在华南上发生，而SCSSST在华南的北部分在冬季降雨上有更大的独立影响。在华南上的温度在表面附近在300hPa和增加显示出明显的减少，与Ni导致的前者?o-3和后者SCSSST异例。这提高对流不稳定性并且削弱潜在的涡度(PV)，它解释加强在华南上登上运动和JFM降雨的增加。关键词ENSO-华南海-SST-降雨-对流不稳定性-潜在的涡度

简介：ＥＮＶＩＲＯＮＭＥＮＴＡＮＤＣＬＩＭＡＴＥＣＨＡＮＧＥＩＮＣＨＩＮＡ￥ＺｈｏｕＸｉｕｊｉ（周秀骥），ＣｈｅｎＬｏｎｇｘｕｎ（陈隆勋），ＬｉＷｅｉｌｉａｎｇ（李维亮）ａｎｄＬｉＸｉａｏｗｅｎ（李晓文）ＥＮＶＩＲＯＮＭＥＮＴＡＮＤＣＬＩＭＡＴＥＣＨＡＮＧ...

简介：Derechos经常发生在欧洲和美国，而是在中国的derechos的报告是少见的。在这份报纸，雷达，卫星，和表面观察，数据被用来在2011年4月17日在华南分析一个derecho事件。对流系统与中等对流可得到的精力在环境形成了的生产derechomesoscale，大垂直的风砍，并且在中间的对流层的干燥的层，并且进行与前面和一根表面风集中线一起向南方。暴风能在雷达回响的特征和强风的原因根据差别被划分成二个阶段。一个阶段是一个supercell阶段，有塑造鞠躬的雷达回响的高降水的supercell的下沉后面的流入在导致了FujitaF0班强风。另外的阶段是一个non-supercell阶段(回响是顺序肾形的，塑造脚，并且一个平常的单个房间)，在哪个downbursts在FujitaF1班上导致了强风。这个derecho事件有许多类似，derechos在西方的国家观察了。例如，暴风对吝啬的流动垂直，强风位于鞠躬回响的鼓起的部分，并且derecho移动了与表面前面一起向南方。一些差别也被观察。摘要规模的强迫当进展不在时是弱的高振幅的midlevel马槽并且伴随强壮的表面气旋；然而，垂直的风砍是很强壮的，典型地代表与强壮的摘要规模的强迫联系的derechos的一个特征。对流可得到的势能以前被认为必要到弱强迫的原型和混合derechos的形成的对流可得到的势能和downdraft的极其高的价值；然而，这些价值多不到2000J在这个derecho事件期间。

简介：与从在1970和2001之间的热带气旋年鉴的数据，统计分析被执行学习气候的特征乍见陆地TC(作为TCshereafter注意了)在有详细规格的中国，注意集中于乍见陆地频率，地点，支撑，腐烂，转变，增强和驱散等等。结果显示在土地上的TC的支撑的时期是相当不同的为不同乍见陆地看到，并且从Guangxito浙江增加了。TC紧张的最明显的减少主要在12个小时以内发生在以后乍见陆地。TC越强壮，它越腐烂。TC是的在上区域驱散罐头嬉痞的集会Heilongjiang，极北，并且云南，最西。而且，Guangxi是有高作为与另外的沿海的区域相比驱散率和题目到TC驱散的一个区域。

简介：这篇文章讨论北方大西洋摆动(NAO)和诺思太平洋摆动(NPO)的interannual变化，它与在与气候被联系的中国的interdecadal气候变化的关系在1960鈥檚在北半球跳，用数据分析。两个都，NAO和NPO的振幅在1960鈥檚显然增加，这清楚地被显示出，摆动的主要时期在1960鈥檚前从3-4年改变到8鈥?在1960鈥檚以后的5年。因此，在中国的interdecadal气候变化或气候在1960鈥檚跳仔细与NAO和NPO的异例有关。关键词诺思大西洋摆动(NAO)-诺思太平洋摆动(NPO)-气候跳-Interdecadal气候变化这个工作被国家关键基本科学节目在中国(G1998040903)支持，科学的中国学院和中国(资助No.49823002)的国家自然科学Fundation。作者对为打手稿的王璇女士也感激。

简介：

简介：UsingaDMT(DropletMeasurementTechnologies)continuousflowstreamwisethermalgradientcloudcondensationnuclei(CCN)countermountedonaCheyenneⅢAaircraft,about20flightsforaircraftmea-surementsofCCNoverNorthChinawereconductedintheautumnof2005andspringof2006.Accordingtothedesignforaircraftobservation,themethodofspiralascentordescentinthetropospherewasusedfortheverticalmeasurementofCCN,andsomecertainlevelswerechosenforhorizontalmeasurement.TheverticaldistributionsofCCNconcentrationsshowthatmostCCNparticlesareconcentratedinthelowleveloftroposphereandCCNconcentrationdecreasedwithheightincreasing.ItsuggeststhatthemainsourceofCCNisfromthesurface.Thisresultisconsistentwithformerstudiesduring1983-1985inChinawithastaticthermalgradientCCNcounter.ThecomparisonofverticalobservationsbetweenpollutedruralareanearShijiazhuangandnon-pollutedruralareanearZhangjiakoushowsthatthereisaboutfivetimesdifferenceinCCNconcentration.Butovertwopollutedcities,ShijiazhuangandHandan,thereisnonotabledifferenceinCCNconcentration.ThehorizontalflightmeasurementsforpenetratingthecumuluscloudsexperimentshowtheapparentdecreaseofCCNinclouds.ItconfirmsthatcloudhasadefiniteconsumptiveeffectonCCNparticlesbecausesomeCCNparticlescanformclouddroplets.ThesurfacemeasurementsofCCNinShijiazhuangCityweremadeduringJune-August2005.Thesta-tisticalCCNdatashowthegreatdifferenceinconcentrationatthesamesupersaturation(S)inShijiazhuangsummertime.TheminimumCCNconcentrationswere584,808,and2431cm~(-3),andthemaximumconcen-trationswere9495,16332,and21812cm~(-3)atS=0.1%,0.3%,and0.5%,respectively.CCNhasadiurnalvariationcycle.From0600BT,theconcentrationbegantoincreaseandreachedthemaximumataboutnoon.Thenitgenerallydecreasedthroughouttheafternoon.Thereasonmaybeisrelatedtotheonsetofemissionsfromvehiculartraffi

简介：Describedisanewtechniqueofdecade-scaleclimaticforecasting,presentedbyacombinationofwaveletanalysisandstochasticdynamics.ThetechniqueisalsoappliedtodiagnosingandforecastingthedurationtimeofdryandwetclimatesinthedecadalhierarchyofdifferentareasinChina.Resultsshowthatinthedecadalhierarchy,thenorth,southwest,andsoutheastofChinaareareaswherevariouskindsoffrequentclimatedisastersappear;droughtseasilyoccurinthenorthandnorthwest,whilefloodsoftenoccurinSouthChina.Becausethismodelingtechniqueisbasedontimeseriesdata,itcanalsobeappliedinthemodelingandforecastingofsuchtimeseriesashydrology,earthquakesandecology.

简介：Inthispaper,thedevelopmentofthestudiesontheweather-yieldsimulationandforecastingmodelinChinaisbrieflyreviewed,andthemainfeaturesofthecurrentdevelopmentstagearepresented.Moreover,throughexamplesthetechnicalcharacters,approachesandexperimentalresultsaredetailedlydescribedanddiscussedofseveralmajorstatisticalforecastingmodels,dynamiccropgrowthsimulationandthesatelliteremotesensingmethodstoestimatecropyield.Finally,thelineoffurtherdevelopmentandtheappliedfieldarepointedout.Atthepresenttime,inparticular,usingtheabove-mentionedmodellingtechniquestosimu-lateandevaluatethepossibleimpactofclimaticvariationonagriculturalproductionandfurtheronman’ssurvivalandactivitiesareofaverypracticalsignificanceaswellassocioeconomicbenefits.

简介：Inthecontextofglobalwarming,Chinaisfacingwithincreasingclimaterisks.Itisimperativetodevelopquantitativeindicestoreflecttheclimateriskscausedbyextremeweather/climateeventsandadverseclimaticconditionsinassociationwithdifferentindustries.Basedontheobservationsat2288meteorologicalstationsinChinaandthemeteorologicaldisastersdata,asetofindicesaredevelopedtomeasureclimaterisksduetowater-logging,drought,hightemperature,cryogenicfreezing,andtyphoon.Astatisticalmethodisthenusedtoconstructanoverallclimateriskindex(CRI)forChinafromtheseindividualindices.Thereisagoodcorrespondencebetweentheseindicesandhistoricalclimaticconditions.TheCRI,theindexofwater-loggingbyrain,andthehightemperatureindexincreaseatarateof0.28,0.37,and0.65perdecade,respectively,from1961to2016.Thecryogenicfreezingindexiscloselyrelatedtochangesintheconsumerpriceindexforfood.Thehightemperatureindexiscorrelatedwiththeconsumptionofenergyandelectricity.Thecorrelationbetweentheyearlygrowthinclaimsonhouseholdpropertyinsuranceandthesumofthewater-loggingindexandthetyphoonindexinthesameyearisashighas0.70.BoththegrowthrateofclaimsonagriculturalinsuranceandtheannualgrowthrateofhospitalinpatientsarepositivelycorrelatedwiththeCRI.Theyear-on-yeargrowthinthenumberofdomestictouristsissignificantlynegativelycorrelatedwiththeCRIinthesameyear.MoreeffortsareneededtodevelopregionalCRIs.

简介：ThepaperstudiedthedistributionlawofXinjiang’sheavyrainintime-area-depthbytheoreticalexpressiondeducedfromtheentropymaximumprincipleandfoundsomeregularitiesofheavyrainfallinXinjiangbasedonanalyzing32-yearobservationaldatafromabout400hydrologicalandmeteorologicalstations.IthaspracticalsignificanceforstudyingXinjiang’sheavyrainfall,designingwaterconservancyandreducingfloodcatastrophecausedbyheavyrain.

简介：中国云物理学研究的评论在期间20032006在这篇论文被做。云田间试验和观察，云物理学和降水上的研究包括它在冰雹抑制和人造降雨改进的理论应用程序，云物理学和闪电，和云和气候变化被包括。首先对从天气修正活动，云物理学的问题和天气修正的需求到期与许多田间试验和模型研究在中国被探讨了。当云物理学和天气修正仍然是时，一个重要研究领域，在喷雾器之间的相互作用，云和放射处理变化研究，它是当前的气候的关键问题，在过去的四年在中国成为了一个新研究方向。

简介：ElNinoaswellastheSouthernOscillationisoneofthestrongestsignalsknownsofaroverclimaticnoiseininterannualvariationsoftheatmosphereandoceans.Agreatnumberofstudieshaveshowndefinitelyrelationshipsbe-tweentheeventsandclimaticanomaliesinChina.Inthisreview,observationalresultsobtainedintherecentseveralyearsarefirstsummarized.ThenthepossiblephysicalmechanismsontheinfluenceofElNinoarepresentedand,finally,theassociatedproblemsarediscussed.