简介：Thethermalforcingsofannualandinterannualperiodicvariationsareintroducedintothebarotropicvorticityequation,byusingloworderspectralmodeloftheequation,morethan40numericalexperimentswhoseintegrationtimeislargerthan100modelyearsareperformedinordertoinvestigatevariationsoflarge-scaleflowpatternsarisingfrombothexternalinterannualthermalforcingandinternaldynamicalprocesses.Incertainparametricrange,whenthefre-quencyoftheforcingtermwithinterannualperiodequalstothefrequencywhichiscreatedbytheinternaldynamicalprocessesalone,theamplitudeofinterannualvariationsofflowpatternsincreasesobviously,andtheperiodbecomesdouble.Inotherparametricrange,theamplitudeofinterannualvariationsofflowpatternsshowsabruptchangesandothernonlinearbehavior,alongwithgradualchangesofinterannualforcingparameters.

简介：到在CMOSimage传感器(顺式)中消除固定模式噪音(FPN)的一个双采样电路被介绍。两倍采样被列开关电容器放大器直接实现。并且偏移量赔偿被加到放大器压制列FPN。放大器在64x64顺式被嵌入并且成功地制作了与特许0。35μm过程。Theoryanalysis和电路模拟显示FPN能从毫伏特被压制到微伏。测试结果证明FPN比8小点模数转换器的一最少重要的位小。FPN被归结为可接受的水平，两倍采样技术与开关电容器放大器实现了。

简介：Theformationofsolidsolutioncombinedwithtricalciumphosphateanddicalciumsilicatecouldpromoteaconsiderableremovalofphosphorusfromliquidslagtosolidduringhotmetaldephosphorization,andthusthedephosphorizationbyusingmultiphasefluxescouldsignificantlydecreasetheconsumptionoflime.However,thereactionmechanismofmultiphasefluxeshasnotbeenunderstoodclearly.Inthepresentstudy,thephasediagramfortheCaO-SiO2-FeO-P2O5systemhasbeenmeasuredwithcertainoxygenpartialpressureathotmetalpretreatmenttemperature.ComparingwiththeCaO-SiO2-FeOsystem,shrinkageofliquidphaseareaathigherFeOcontentswasobservedat1673Kwithoxygenpartialpressureof9.2×10-11atm.

简介：Theformationmechanismofmethane(CH4)duringcoalevolutionhasbeeninvestigatedbydensityfunctionaltheory(DFT)ofquantumchemistry.Thermogenicgas,whichisgeneratedduringthethermalevolutionofmediumrankcoal,isthemainsourceofcoalbedmethane(CBM).Ethylbenzene(A)and6,7-dimethyl-5,6,7,8-tetrahydro-1-hydroxynaphthalene(B)havebeenusedasmodelcompoundstostudythepyrolysismechanismofhighlyvolatilebituminouscoal(R),accordingtothesimilarityofbondordersandbondlengths.Allpossiblepathsaredesignedforeachmodel.ItcanbeconcludedthattheactivationenergiesforH-assistedpathsarelowerthanothersintheprocessofmethaneformation;anHradicalattackingonβ-CtoyieldCH4isthedominantpathfortheformationofCH4fromhighlyvolatilebituminouscoal.Inaddition,thecalculatedresultsalsorevealthatthepositionsonwhichHradicalattacksandtowhichintramolecularHmigrateshaveeffectsonmethylcleavage.

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简介：Inordertomakefurtherstepsindealingwithclimatechange,Chinaproposedtopeakcarbondioxideemissionsbyabout2030andtomakebesteffortsforthepeakingearly.Thecarbonemissionpeaktarget(CEPT)mustresultinaforcingmechanismonChina’seconomictransition.Thispaper,byfollowingthelogicalorderfrom'researchoncarbonemissionhistory'to'carbonemissiontrendprediction,'from'researchonpathsofrealizingpeak'to'peakrestraintresearch,'providesageneralreviewofcurrentstatusanddevelopmenttrendofresearchesonChina’scarbonemissionanditspeakvalue.Furthermore,thispaperalsoreviewsthebasictheoriesandspecificcasesoftheforcingmechanism.Basedontheexistingachievementsanddevelopmenttrendsinthisfield,thefollowingresearchdirectionsthatcanbefurtherexpandedareputforward.First,fromtheperspectiveoflong-termstrategyofsustainabledevelopment,weshouldanalyzeandconstructtheforcingmechanismofCEPTinareversethinkingway.Second,economictransitionpathsundertheforcingmechanismshouldbesystematicallystudied.Third,byconstructingalarge-scalepolicyevaluationmodel,theemissionreductionperformanceandeconomicimpactofaseriesofpolicymeasuresadoptedduringthetransitionprocessshouldbequantitativelyevaluated.

简介：Toexploretheprevalenceoftheplasmid-mediatedquinoloneresistancegeneqnrAinGram-negativebacteriaandtoinvestigateitsmoleculargeneticbackgroundandresistanceprofileinisolatesharboringthisgene,atotalof629nalidixicacid-resistantisolatesofnon-repetitiveGram-negativebac-teriawerecollectedfromclinicalspecimensbetweenApril2004andApril2006andtheseisolateswerescreenedforqnrAgenebyPCRusingspecificprimerscombinedwithDNAsequencing.Theextendedspectrumβ-lactamase(ESBL)orAmpC-producingisolatesweredistinguishedbythephenotypicconfir-matorytestcombinedwithDNAsequencing,andtheantibioticssusceptibilitytestforqnrA-positiveiso-lateswascarriedoutbyKirby-BauerandE-testmethod.TodetectthelocationoftheqnrAgene,plas-midconjugationandSouthernhybridizationwereperformedandtheintegronstructurecontainingtheqnrAgenewasclonedbyPCRstrategyandsequencedbyprimerwalking.ItwasdemonstratedthattheincidenceoftheqnrA-positivestrainsinnalidixicacid-resistantbacteriawas1.9%(12/629),inwhichthedetectionratesforKlebiesiellapneumoniae.Enterobactercloacae,Enterobacteraerogenes,CitrobacterfreundiiandSalmonellachoeraesuiswere2.2%(3/138),17.1%(6/35),9.1%(1/11),12.5%(1/8),and14.3%(1/7),respectively.TheqnrAgenewasfoundtobeembeddedinthecomplexsu/1-typeintegronlocatedonplasmidswithvariedsize(80-180kb).Amongthem,4qnrA-positiveisolatescarriedintegronIn37and8isolatescarriedanovelintegron,temporarilydesig-natedasInX.AlltheqnrA-positiveisolateswereESBL-producingandtransferableforthemuhi-drugresistance.Itisconcludedthattheplasmid-mediateddrug-resistancemechanismexistsinthequinoloneresistantstrainsofisolatesfromhospitalsinGuangdongarea,buttheincidencewasratherlow.Never-theless,itisstillpossiblethatthehorizontaltransferoftheresistantqnrAgenemightleadtothespreadingofdrug-resistance.

简介：OnApril20th,2013,anearthquakeofmagnitudeMW6.6occurredatLushanofSichuanonthesouthernsegmentoftheLongmenshanfaultzone,withnotypicalcoseismicsurfacerupture.Thisworkplottedanisoseismalmapoftheearthquakeafterrepositioningover400post–earthquakemacro–damagesurveypointsfrompeakgroundacceleration(PGA)datarecordedbytheSichuanDigitalStrongEarthquakeNetwork.ThismapindicatesthattheLushanearthquakehasadamageintensityofIXontheLieduscale,andthatthemeizoseismalareadisplaysanoblateellipsoidshape,withitslongitudinalaxisintheNEdirection.Noobviousdirectivitywasdetected.Furthermore,therepositioningresultsof3323earlyaftershocks,seismicreflectionprofilesandfocalmechanismsolutionssuggeststhatthemajorseismogenicstructureoftheearthquakewastheDayiFault,whichpartlydefinestheeasternMengshanMountain.ThisearthquakeresultedfromthethrustingoftheDayiFault,andcausedshorteningofthesouthernsegmentoftheLongmenshanintheNW–SEdirection.CoseismalrupturewasalsoproducedinthedeepoftheXinkaidianFault.Basedontheaboveseismogenicmodelandthepresentationofcoseismicsurfacedeformation,itisspeculatedthatthereisariskofmoremajorearthquakesoccurringinthisregion.更多还原

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简介：注意在溶解期间在watersoluble聚合物的健全吸收机制上对学习被给予。特殊设计的水溶性的聚合物涂层在我们的实验室被综合。健全变细性质在健全试管被测量。结果证明坡度聚合物答案的健全变细比制服的大。在分层的媒介取决于试验性的结果和声波繁殖的理论，坡度的机制水溶性的聚合物答案被开发。这机制能如下被描述：当它在水里被溶解时，水溶性的聚合物涂层形成了集中坡度层。这坡度层导致了声音的多重思考和吸收。最后，声能被变成热。

简介：在沥滤的Pb之间的关系当在它的团结的形式的水泥在酸媒介被沥滤时，有时间的集中和答案pH被分析。团结的形式，增加方法的水泥，和Pb团结上的水和度的粒子尺寸的效果也被调查。试验性的结果显示水泥快速被溶解，形成有好吸附的C-S-H胶化或硅的酸大音阶的第五音并且在酸媒介含水。当cement-Pb团结了时，形式在一个醋酸盐答案被沥滤，含水的产品与时间侵蚀，Pb集中因此在开始稍微增加。然后，一些Pb离子被最新产生的硅的酸大音阶的第五音吸收，C-S-H。其它生产Pb(哦)为第二等的团结的2降水，在超过二个小时的一沥滤的时间在Pb集中导致渐渐的减少。而且，团结的形式的粒子尺寸在Pb溶解上有重要效果。当增加的水泥的数量是低的时，与不到9.5的pH，团结影响原来的水泥粉末的顺序，水泥含水的粉末，和cement-Pb团结了形式。当水泥的增加的数量与超过11的pH增加时，在团结上增加方法的效果减少，并且团结的形式比其它好一些。

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简介：TheGongheBasin,aCenozoicdown-warpedbasin,islocatedinthenortheasternpartoftheQinghai-Xizang(Tibetan)Plateau,andspreadoverimportantnodesofthetransferofmultipleblocksinthecentralorogenicbeltintheNWWdirection.Itisalsocalled“QinKunFork”and“GongheGap”.Thebasinhasahighheatflowvalueandobviousthermalanomaly.Thegeothermalresourcesaremainlyhotdryrockandundergroundhotwater.Inrecentyears,themechanismofgeothermalformationwithinthebasinhasbeencontroversial.Onthebasisofunderstandingtheknowledgeofpredecessors,thispaperproposesthegeothermalformationmechanismofthe“heatsource–heattransfer–heatreservoirandcaprock–thermalsystem”oftheGongheBasinfromtheperspectiveofageologicalbackgroundthroughdataintegrationintegratedresearch-expert,discussion-graph,compilation-fieldverificationandotherprocesses:(1)Heatsource:geophysicalexplorationandradioisotopecalculationsshowthattheheatsourceofheatinthebasinhasboththecontributionofmantleandtheparticipationoftheearth'scrust,butmainlythecontributionofthedeepmantle.(2)Heattransfer:Thepetrologicalpropertiesofthebasinandtheexposedstructurepositionofthesurfacehotspringsshowthatonetransfermodeisthematerialofthemantlesourceupwellsandinvadesfromthebottom,directlyinjectingheat;theotheristhatthedeepfaultconductsthedeepheatofthebasintothemiddleandlowerpartsoftheearth'scrust,thenthesecondaryfracturetransferstheheattotheshallowpart.(3)Heatreservoirandcaprock:First,theconvectivestrip-shapedheatreservoirexposedbythehotspringsontheperipheralfaultzoneofthebasin;second,theunderlyinghotdryrocklayeredheatreservoirandtheuppernewgenerationheatreservoirandcaprockinthebasinrevealedbydrillingdata.(4)Thermalsystem:Basedonthecharacteristicsofthe“heatsource-heattransfer-heatreservoirandcaprock”,itispreliminarilybelievedtha

简介：Whendevelopingahumanoidmyo-controlhand,notonlythemechanicalstructureshouldbeconsideredtoaffordahighdexterity,butalsothemyoelectric(electromyography,EMG)controlcapabilityshouldbetakenintoaccounttofullyaccomplishtheactuationtasks.Thispaperpresentsanovelhumanoidroboticmyocontrolhand(ARhandⅢ)whichadoptedanunderac-tuatedmechanismandaforearmmyocontrolEMGmethod.TheARhandⅢhasfivefingersand15joints,andactuatedbythreeembeddedmotors.Underactuationcanbefoundwithineachfingerandbetweentherestthreefingers(themiddlefinger,theringfingerandthelittlefinger)whenthehandisgraspingobjects.FortheEMGcontrol,twospecificmethodsareproposed:thethree-fingeredhandgestureconfigurationoftheARhandⅢandapatternclassificationmethodofEMGsignalsbasedonastatisticallearningalgorithm-SupportVectorMachine(SVM).Eighteenactivehandgesturesofatesteearerecognizedef-fectively,whichcanbedirectlymappedintothemotionsofARhandⅢ.Anon-lineEMGcontrolschemeisestablishedbasedontwodifferentdecisionfunctions:oneisforthediscriminationbetweentheidleandactivemodes,theotherisfortherecog-nitionoftheactivemodes.Asaresult,theARhandⅢcanswiftlyfollowthegestureinstructionsofthetesteewithatimedelaylessthan100ms.

简介：Onthebasisofdataofdriftingbottles'tracksandthecurrentmeasuredinanchoredstations,aswellastemperatureandsalinityobservedincruiseinvestigationsandcoastalstations,ADCPcurrentdataandAVHRRsurfaceseatemperature(SST)dataonthewesterncoastofGuangdong,syntheticresultsofanalysisshowedthatthecoastalcurrentsinthewestofthemouthoftheZhujiangRiverweremainlywestwardinsummer,whichconstitutedthenorthbranchofcyclonicgyreintheeastoftheQiongzhouStraits.PartofitswaterflowedwestwardintotheBeibuGulfthroughtheQiongzhouStraits.ThecoastalcurrentpatternwasnotidenticalwiththetraditionalcurrentsystemwhichflowedwestwardintheQiongzhouStraitsinwinterandeastwardinsummer.Thesummertime'scoastalcurrentwasalwayswestward,maybetemporarilyturningnortheastonlywhenthesouthwestwindwasstrong.TheimportantcharacteristicsofcoastalcurrentonthewesterncoastofGuangdong,intheQiongzhouStraitsandinthenorthoftheBeibuGulfwereanalyzedandtheirmechanismsalsowereexplained.

简介：Thegeochemicalbehaviorsofhydrogenandoxygenisotopesinthehydrothermalsystemandtheirinher-entrelationshipwiththewater/rockexchangearediscussedinthispaperInadditiontothetemperaturecon-ditions,theeffectiveW/RratioisanotherfactorcontrollingthechangesinHandOisotopecompositionsofthealteredrockandhydrothermalwater.Besides,theapplicationandgeologicalsignificanceofthewater-rockexchangetheoryarealsodiscussedinthelightoftheHandOisotopecompositionsandtheirvariationcharac-teristicsofthemineralizinghydrothermalwaterandalteredrocksfromseveralmineraldeposits.Finally,abriefevolutionalmodelofHandOistotopecompositionsofmeteoricandmagmatichydrothermalwatersinahydrothermalsystemisgiven.

简介：Intermediatefilamentsareoneofthekeycomponentsofthecytoskeletonineukaryoticcells,andtheirmechanicalpropertiesarefoundtobeequallyimportantforphysiologicalfunctionanddisease.Whilethemechanicalpropertiesofsinglefulllengthfilamentshavebeenstudied,howthemechanicalpropertiesofcrosslinksaffectthemechanicalpropertyoftheintermediatefilamentnetworkisnotwellunderstood.Thispaperappliesamesoscopicmodeloftheintermediatenetworkwithvariedcrosslinkstrengthstoinvestigateitsfailuremechanismundertheextrememechanicalloading.Itfindsthatrelativelyweakercrosslinksleadtoamoreflawtolerantintermediatefilamentnetworkthatisalso23%strongerthantheonewithstrongcrosslinks.Thesefindingssuggestthatthemechanicalpropertiesofinterfacialcomponentsarecriticalforbioinspireddesignswhichprovideintriguingmechanicalproperties.

简介：动态、数字的方法被用来热强迫讨论大气的反应到SST。结果表演为行星的规模系统，热强迫能快速激动的站的SST稳定的大气的平衡状态回答，它被明显的大规模电视连接摆动在东方西方和南方北方方向描绘。为摘要的规模系统，SST热强迫主要使大气的低频率的摆动激动。在SST之间的某基本关系和动态过程热强迫和大气的反应模式被揭示，一些新观点被介绍。