简介:利用乌云河东风水文站月流量、月降水量和蒸发量资料,通过计算水文和气象要素的变差系数、峰型度和丰枯率及气候倾向率等参数,分析了乌云河径流的主要补给来源及降水和蒸发量等气候因子对径流的影响。研究结果表明:(1)乌云河年径流的变差系数为o.32,其主要由融雪和夏季的降雨来补给,径流年际呈逐渐降低的趋势发展,春、夏、秋、冬四季、汛期及非汛期的流量均呈递减趋势,而且汛期流量减少的最为明显;(2)乌云河的降水量和蒸发量的年际变化也呈递减趋势,蒸发量的减少趋势较为明显,其气候倾向率达到-175.0mm/10a。分析认为,降水量的逐渐减少可能是影响该流域流量逐渐降低的原因之一。
简介:Tamarixnabkhaisoneofthemostwidespreadnabkhas,distributinginthearidregionofChina.Basedontheobservationsoutdoorsandthesimulationexperimentsinlaboratories,analysisinthispaperreferstothebiologicalgeomorphologicfeaturesandgrowthprocessofTamarixnabkhasinthemiddleandlowerreachesoftheHotanRiver,Xin-jiang.AndtheresultsindicatethattheecologicaltypeofTamarixinthestudyareaisakindofTugaicsoilhabitatbasedonthedeepsoilofthePopulusDiversifoliaforestsandshrubs.Thistypeofhabitatcanbedividedintothreekindsofsub-habitatswhichdemonstratethefeaturesofecologicalenvironmentofTamarixnabkhasduringthedifferentialdevelopedphases.Meanwhile,theTamarixnabkhacanexertintensifieddisturbancecurrentonwind-sandflowontheground,anditsrootandstemsnotonlyhavestrongpotentialofsproutingbutarecharacteristicofwinderosion-tolerance,resistancetobeburiedbysandandrespectivelytoughrigidofthelignifiedbranches,forithasaratherlongerlife-time.Thus,thewindspeedprofileinfluencedbytheTamarixnabkhaisdifferentfromthePhragmitesnabkhaandAlhaginabkha.Andthestructureofthewindflowisbeneficialtoaeoliansandaccumulatingin/aroundTamarixshrub,whichcancreateuniqueTamarixnabkhaswithhigheraveragegradientandlongerperiodicityoflife.Tamarixnabkhaevolutionintheareaexperiencedthreestages:growthstage,matureandsteadystageandwitheringstage.Ineachstage,morpho-logicalfeaturesandgeomorphicprocessofTamarixnabkhaaredifferentduetothediscrepantinteractionbetweenthenabkhaandaeoliansandflow.