简介:X-rayimagingistheconventionalmethodfordiagnosingtheorthopedicconditionofapatient.ComputerizedTomography(CT)scanningisanotherdiagnosticmethodthatprovidespatient’s3Danatomicalinformation.However,bothmethodshavelimitationswhendiagnosingthewholeleg;X-rayimagingdoesnotprovide3Dinformation,andnormalCTscanningcannotbeperformedwithastandingposture.Obtaining3Ddataregardingthewholeleginastandingpostureisclinicallyimportantbecauseitenables3Danalysisintheweightbearingcondition.Basedontheseclinicalneeds,ahardware-basedbi-planeX-rayimagingsystemhasbeendeveloped;itusestwoorthogonalX-rayimages.However,suchmethodshavenotbeenmadeavailableingeneralclinicsbecauseofthehightcost.Therefore,weproposedawidelyadaptivemethodfor2DX-rayimageand3DCTscandata.Bythismethod,itispossibletothreedimensionallyanalyzethewholeleginstandingposture.TheoptimalpositionthatgeneratesthemostsimilarimageisthecapturedX-rayimage.Thealgorithmverifiesthesimilarityusingtheperformanceoftheproposedmethodbysimulation-basedexperiments.Then,weanalyzedtheinternal-externalrotationangleofthefemurusingrealpatientdata.Approximately10.55degreesofinternalrotationswerefoundrelativetothedefinedanterior-posteriordirection.Inthispaper,wepresentausefulregistrationmethodusingtheconventionalX-rayimageand3DCTscandatatoanalyzethewholelegintheweight-bearingcondition.
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简介:BSTOdielectricceramicwaspreparedfromSrTiO3andBaTiO3powderssynthesizedbyhydrothermalmethod,aswellasfromBa0.6Sr0.4TiO3powdersynthesizedbyconventionalsolid-statereaction.Theformercanbesinteredatarelativelylowtemperatureof1120℃.CharacterizationbySEMshowedthatthegrainshapesofbothceramicsarecubical,thoughthegrainsizeoftheformerismuchsmaller.Dielectricconstantsmeasuredat20℃wereshowntovarywithfrequencyintherangefrom1kHzto2MHzanddcbiasfield,andfurtherthatthedielectriclossoftheformertobelessthan2×10-3inthefrequencyrangeof20kHzto1MHz,muchsmallerthanthatofthelattersample.Fortheformer,temperaturedependenceofdielectricconstantismuchflatterandthereexistsanextendedphasetransitiondiffusioncoveringawidetemperaturerangeofCurietemperatureTc.Thesmallergrainsizeoftheformerdepressesthedcbiaselectricalfielddependenceofdielectricconstant.Thetunabilityis7%underabiasfieldof0.6kV/mmdc.
简介:Temperature-dependentphotoluminescencecharacteristicsoforganic-inorganichalideperovskiteCH3NH3PbI3-xClxfilmspreparedusingatwo-stepmethodonZnO/FTOsubstrateswereinvestigated.Surfacemorphologyandabsorptioncharacteristicsofthefilmswerealsostudied.Scanningelectronmicroscopyrevealedlargecrystalsandsubstratecoverage.Theorthorhombic-to-tetragonalphasetransitiontemperaturewas140K.Thefilms’excitonbindingenergywas77.6±10.9meVandtheenergyofopticalphononswas38.8±2.5meV.TheseresultssuggestthatperovskiteCH3NH3PbI3-xClxfilmshaveexcellentoptoelectroniccharacteristicswhichfurthersuggeststheirpotentialusageinperovskitebasedoptoelectronicdevices.
简介:Asacontinuationof[1],theauthorstudiesthelimitcyclebifurcationaroundthefocusS1otherthanO(0,0)forthesystem(1)asδvaries.Aconjectureonthenon-existenceoflimitcyclesaroundS1,andanotheroneonthenon-coexistenceoflimitcycleswoundbothOandS1aregiven,togetherwithsomenumericalexamples.
简介:Inpastyears,rare-earth-dopedfluoridefiberlasers(FFLs)havedevelopedrapidlyinthemid-infrared(mid-IR)region.However,duetothelackoffiberopticdevicesandchallengeoffluoridefibersplicing,mostmid-IRFFLshavebeendemonstratedwithfree-spaceopticelements,limitingtheadvantagesofall-fiberlasersforflexibledelivery,stability,andcompactness.Here,wereport,tothebestofourknowledge,thefirstpulsedall-fiberFFLinthemid-IRregion.Bytakingadvantageoftheintegrationofblackphosphorusflake,stableQ-switchedandmode-lockedpulseswereobtainedat2.8μmwavelength.Webelievethatthisall-fiberdesignwillpromotetheapplicationofpulsedFFLinthemid-IRregion.
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简介:利用范数假设条件给出了带扰动的m一增生算子的一些映射定理.其结果是:B+D R(T+C)并且int(B+D) R(T+C)的类型.其中B、D是实Banach空间X的子集,算子T:X D(T)→2~X至少是m一增生的,扰动算子C:X D(C)→X至少是紧、demi一半连续或完全连续的.这些结果推广和改进了已有文献的有关结果.