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简介：Onthebasisofthemedicalandmechanicalanalysisandexplanationsinthispaperthevisco-elasticsimplysupportedbeammodelisproposedtotreatthedisplacementwaveofthebloodvessels.Therelationshipsbetweenthedisplacementwaveandbloodvesselelasticityaswellastheviscousdissipationofthebloodandbloodvesselareobtained.ThecorrespondingrelationsofsuchkindsofpulsesinthetraditionalChinesemedicineassmoothpulse,surfacepulseanddeeppulsetothedisplacementwavesofbloodvesselsarealsofound.Thecomputationalresultsareingoodagreementwiththoseacquiredintheexperimentswithultrasonicwave.

简介：Severalfeaturesofretinalvesselscanbeusedtomonitortheprogressionofdiseases.Changesinvascularstructures,forexample,vesselcaliber,branchingangle,andtortuosity,areportentsofmanydiseasessuchasdiabeticretinopathyandarterialhypertension.Thispaperproposesanautomaticretinalvesselsegmentationmethodbasedonmorphologicalclosingandmulti-scalelinedetection.First,anilluminationcorrectionisperformedonthegreenbandretinalimage.Next,themorphologicalclosingandsubtractionprocessingareappliedtoobtainthecruderetinalvesselimage.Then,themulti-scalelinedetectionisusedtofinethevesselimage.Finally,thebinaryvasculatureisextractedbytheOtsualgorithm.Inthispaper,forimprovingthedrawbacksofmulti-scalelinedetection,onlythelinedetectorsat4scalesareused.Theexperimentalresultsshowthattheaccuracyis0.939forDRIVE(digitalretinalimagesforvesselextraction)retinaldatabase,whichismuchbetterthanothermethods.

简介：Astheprogressofvascularsurgery,artificialvesselshavebecomethesubstituteforlargeandmiddlediametervesselsbuthavenotforsmalldiameteronesowingtothrombogenesisandocclusionwithinashortperiodoftimeafterbeingapplied.ArtificialvesselendothelializationisoneoftheidealmethodstoresolvesuchissueandhasbeenimprovedcontinuouslysinceHerring1in1978putforwardthisterminthefirsttimeandutilizedvascularendothelialcells(ECs)harvestedfromlivinganimalstoperformthetestofartificialvesselendothelialization.

简介：计划容器处于民用、军事的状况广泛地被使用。由于他们的高速度，计划容器的运动是复杂的。以便预言计划容器的运动，分析以高速度计划容器的水动力学表演是重要的。计算液体动态方法(CFD)被建议了计算计划容器的水动力学性能。在很传统的CFD途径，然而，模型测试或实验公式被需要在计算前获得计划容器的跑的态度。这份报纸论述一个新CFD方法计算计划容器的水动力学力量。数字方法基于平均Reynolds的海军司烧(RANS)方程。液体(VOF)的体积方法和six-degrees-of-freedom方程被使用。一个有效过程被介绍在数字模拟解决数字分叉问题。与试验性的结果相比，数字模拟结果显示跑的态度和水动力学性能能以高速度被预言很好。

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简介：TheVacuumVessel(VV)systemisanessentialcomponentofKedaTorusforexperiment(KTX),andvariousscenariosmighttakeplaceonit.TheVV’ssupportsshouldbeadequatelystrongtostandagainstvariousloadsonVV,whichmighthappeninextremescenarios.Therefore,thedesignofVVsupportsisverifiedinasingleextremescenarioandissubsequentlyoptimizedinthisreport.ThenumericalsimulationbasedonFiniteElementtheoryisperformedasthemajormethodforanalysisandoptimization.Theelectromagneticforceinpreviousanalysesservesastheloadforthemechanicalanalysesofsupports.Duringtheoptimization,thestressesoftheWsupportsdecreaseremarkablyafterintroducingcotters.Finally,theoptimumdesignhasbeenworkedout.Itsatisfiestherequirementsregardingthestrengthandconvenienceinassembly.

简介：Naturalcomposites,formedthroughbiomineralization,havehighlyorderedstructureswhichhavebeenaptlyexploredforfunctionalapplications.Thoughtheroleoforganicphaseshasbeenwellunderstoodinbiomineralization,notenoughattentionhasbeenpaidtotheroleofbio-membraneswhichareoftenfoundencapsulatingthechamberinwhichmineralizationoccurs.Wehaveusedthenaturalproteinandsemi-permeablemembraneofchickeneggstogrowdifferentmaterialssuchasceramics,semi-metalsandmetalstounderstandtheroleofbio-membranesinbiomineralization.Weherereportthesuccessfulbiomimeticsynthesisofcalcite,cadmiumsulphide,andsilverhavinghomogeneousmorphologies.Wehavefoundthatthemembraneoperateslikeatunedgateway,playingasignificantroleincontrollingthemorphologyoftheinorganiccrystalsformedduringbiomineralization.

简介：Objective:TodiscussthemechanismofcerebralvesselspasmcausedbyconcussionandtheeffectofNimodipineonconcussion.Methods:Atotalof224patientswhoweretreatedfromMarch1995toOctober1999weredividedintotwogroupsrandomly,ie.Nimodipinegroup(113cases)andcontrolgroup(11cases).Middlecerebralartery(MCA),basilarartery(BA)andtheaveragepeakforwardvelocityofcerebralbloodflowwereobservedbycolorthree-dimensionaltranscranialDoppler(3D-TCD)within24hoursafteradmissionandattheendof3-6daysoftreatment.Cerbralbloodflowchanges,characteristicsandtreatmenteffectwereanalyzedanddeterminedbyclinicalmainsymptomdisappearancerate.Results:Inconcussion,cerebralbloodflowwasdividedinto3phases:cerebralbloodflowlowinfusiondilationphase,cerebralbloodvesselspasmphaseandcerebralbloodflowrecoveryphase.IntheNimodipinegroup,clinicalmainsymptomdisappearanceratewashigherthanthatinthecontrolgroupinthecerebralspasmandrecoveryphaseswithasignificantdifference(P<0.01).Conclusions:Cerebralvesselspasm,hypoxiaandischemialesionarethemainpathologicalchanges.Whethercerebraldysfunctionisreversibleornotismainlydeterminedbyspasmtimeofcerebralbloodvessel.Nimodipinehasagoodeffectonreleasingspasmanddiminishingthecerebralbloodfolwvelicity.Itnotonlyimprovescurativeeffectonconcussion,butalsoreducesandpreventsconcussionsequelae.Hence,concussionpatientswhohavecerebralspasmconfirmedby3D-TCDshouldbegivenNimodipineroutinelyandearly.

简介：VesselMonitoringSystem(VMS)providesanewopportunityforquantifiedfishingresearch.ManyapproacheshavebeenproposedtorecognizefishingactivitieswithVMStrajectoriesbasedonthetypesoffishingvessels.However,oneresearchproblemisstillcallingforsolutions,howtoidentifythefishingvesseltypebasedononlyVMStrajectories.ThisproblemisimportantbecauseitrequiresthefishingvesseltypeasapreliminarytorecognizefishingactivitiesfromVMStrajectories.Thispaperproposesfishingvesseltypeidentificationscheme(FVID)basedonlyonVMStrajectories.FVIDexploitsfeatureengineeringandmachinelearningschemesofXGBoostasitstwokeyblocksandclassifiesfishingvesselsintoninetypes.ThedatasetcontainsallthefishingvesseltrajectoriesintheEastChinaSeainMarch2017,including10031pre-registeredfishingvesselsand1350unregisteredvesselsofunknowntypes.Inordertoverifytypeidentificationaccuracy,wefirstconducta4-foldcross-validationonthetrajectoriesofregisteredfishingvessels.Theclassificationaccuracyis95.42%.WethenapplyFVIDtotheunregisteredfishingvesselstoidentifytheirtypes.Afterclassifyingtheunregisteredfishingvesseltypes,theirfishingactivitiesarefurtherrecognizedbasedupontheirtypes.Atlast,wecalculateandcomparethefishingdensitydistributionintheEastChinaSeabeforeandafterapplyingtheunregisteredfishingvessels,confirmingtheimportanceoftypeidentificationofunregisteredfishingvessels.

简介：AbstractAge-related sporadic cerebral small vessel disease (CSVD) has gained increasing attention over the past decades because of its increasing prevalence associated with an aging population. The widespread application of and advances in brain magnetic resonance imaging in recent decades have significantly increased researchers’ understanding in the in vivo evolution of CSVD, its impact upon the brain, its risk factors, and the mechanisms that explain the various clinical manifestation associated with sporadic CSVD. In this review, we aimed to provide an update on the pathophysiology, risk factors, biomarkers, and the determinants and spectrum of the clinical manifestation of sporadic CSVD.

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简介：AbstractCerebral small vessel disease (SVD) is a common global brain disease that causes cognitive impairment, ischemic or hemorrhagic stroke, problems with mobility, and neuropsychiatric symptoms. The brain damage, seen as focal white and deep grey matter lesions on brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) or computed tomography (CT), typically accumulates "covertly" and may reach an advanced state before being detected incidentally on brain scanning or causing symptoms. Patients have typically presented to different clinical services or been recruited into research focused on one clinical manifestation, perhaps explaining a lack of awareness, until recently, of the full range and complexity of SVD.In this review, we discuss the varied clinical presentations, established and emerging risk factors, relationship to SVD features on MRI or CT, and the current state of knowledge on the effectiveness of a wide range of pharmacological and lifestyle interventions. The core message is that effective assessment and clinical management of patients with SVD, as well as future advances in diagnosis, care, and treatment, will require a more "joined-up" ’ approach. This approach should integrate clinical expertise in stroke neurology, cognitive, and physical dysfunctions. It requires more clinical trials in order to improve pharmacological interventions, lifestyle and dietary modifications. A deeper understanding of the pathophysiology of SVD is required to steer the identification of novel interventions. An essential prerequisite to accelerating clinical trials is to improve the consistency, and standardization of clinical, cognitive and neuroimaging endpoints.

简介：Fundusdiagnosisisanimportantpartofthewholebodyexaminationthatmayproviderichclinicalinformationtodoctorsfordiagnosticreference.Manualfundusvesselextractionishelpfultoquantitativemeasurementofdiseasesbutobviouslyitisatoughworkforphysicians.ThispaperpresentsanautomaticmethodbyusingGaborfilterbanktoextractthearteryandveinseparatelyintheocularfundusimages.Afterpreprocessingstepsthatincludegray-scaletransform,grayvalueinversionandcontrastenhancement,theGaborfilterbankisappliedtotheextractionofthearteryandveinintheocularfundusimages.Finallythesetwodifferentwidthtypesofvesselsareselectedbypost-processingmethodssuchaslabeling,corrosion,binarization,etc.Evaluationresultsshowanaccuraterateof90%inveinand82%inarteryfrom20cases,thatindicatestheeffectivenessofourproposedsegmentationmethod.

简介：在海底部是几乎扁平、随机不平的薄层的假设下面，为底部回响的一个空间关联模型被构造。在高信号噪音比率，空间关联函数的阶段是在二个水中听音器之间的声波数字和垂直向量的产品。在一架有名无实地水平的飞机，转动和沥青导致在水中听音器之间的垂直向量。然后，包括转动，沥青和空间关联功能的阶段的一个方程被发现。如果一个平行四边形能被3个水中听音器构造，它到对角线的面积的比率不比波长的一半小，滚动并且投球能被获得经分解或旁边最佳的方法。然而，因为阶段歧义，转动和沥青的范围被限制。用菲希尔信息矩阵，Cramer-Rao更低的界限被获得。从计算机模拟和海测试数据的结果证明方法的可行性。

简介：AbstractBackground:Homozygous or compound heterozygous mutations in high temperature requirement serine peptidase A1 (HTRA1) gene are responsible for cerebral autosomal recessive arteriopathy with subcortical infarcts and leukoencephalopathy (CARASIL). Recently, increasing evidence has shown that heterozygous HTRA1 mutations are also associated with cerebral small vessel disease (CSVD) with an autosomal dominant pattern of inheritance. This study was aimed to analyze the genetic and clinical characteristics of HTRA1-related autosomal dominant CSVD.Methods:We presented three new Chinese cases of familial CSVD with heterozygous HTRA1 mutations and reviewed all clinical case reports and articles on HTRA1-related autosomal dominant CSVD included in PUBMED by the end of March 1, 2020. CARASIL probands with genetic diagnosis reported to date were also reviewed. The genetic and clinical characteristics of HTRA1-related autosomal dominant CSVD were summarized and analyzed by comparing with CARASIL.Results:Forty-four HTRA1-related autosomal dominant CSVD probands and 22 CARASIL probands were included. Compared with typical CARASIL, HTRA1-related autosomal dominant probands has a higher proportion of vascular risk factors (P < 0.001), a later onset age (P < 0.001), and a relatively slower clinical progression. Alopecia and spondylosis can be observed, but less than those in the typical CARASIL. Thirty-five heterozygous mutations in HTRA1 were reported, most of which were missense mutations. Amino acids located close to amino acids 250-300 were most frequently affected, followed by these located near 150∼200. While amino acids 250∼300 were also the most frequently affected region in CARASIL patients, fewer mutations precede the 200th amino acids were detected, especially in the Kazal-type serine protease domain.Conclusions:HTRA1-related autosomal dominant CSVD is present as a mild phenotype of CARASIL. The trend of regional concentration of mutation sites may be related to the concentration of key sites in these regions which are responsible for pathogenesis of HTRA1-related autosomal dominant CSVD.

简介：EAST(experimentaladvancedsuperconductingtokamak)isanadvancedsteadystateplasmaphysicsexperimentaldevice,whichisbeingconstructedastheChineseNationalNuclearFusionResearchProject.Duringtheplasmaoperationthevacuumvesselasoneofthekeycomponentwillwithstandtheelectromagneticforceduetotheplasmadisruption,theHalocurrentandthetoroidalfieldcoilquench,thepressureofboridewaterandthethermalloaddueto250℃bakingbypressurizednitrogengas.Inthispaperareportofthestaticanddynamicmechanicalanalysesofthevacuumvesselismade.Firstlytheappliedloadsonthevacuumvesselweregivenandthestaticstressdistributionunderthegravitationalloads,thepressureloads,theelectromagneticloadsandthermalloadswereinvestigated.Thenaseriesofprimarydynamic,bucklingandfatiguelifeanalyseswereperformedtopredictthestructure'sdynamicbehavior.Aseismicanalysiswasalsoconducted.

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