简介：Areviewoftheadvanceinthetheoryofwaveletanalysisinrecentyearsisgiven.

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简介：这篇文章介绍黑暗的事的搜索的地位的广泛的评论。开始的八节在黑暗中被奉献给话题物质和它的试验性的搜索，和剩余的到在天体物理学和宇宙论选择了话题，它被打算在粒子物理为学生供应一些需要的背景。节9和13是介绍的宇宙论。三个天体物理学的话题，大巨响nucleosynthesis节10，Boltzmann搬运方程并且都从巨大的粒子节11，和CMBanisotropy节12罐头结冰当合理近似被做时，在分析途径被学习。他们的原来的经分解形式，这篇文章很仔细列在后面到，被粒子物理学家给。黑暗物质是要求及时更改保持当前的一个演变题目。当它出现在出版时，因此如此的一个主题的评论将无疑有一些东西想要。这评论能为想追求黑暗物质的题目的那些研究生形成一个谦卑基础，这被希望。读者能使用广泛的目录看见材料在文章盖住的insomedetails。

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简介：ManysocialeventsspreadfastthroughtheIntemetandarousewidecommunitydiscussions.Thoseon-linepublicopinionsemergeintodiversetopicsalongthetime.Moreover,thestrengthofthetopicsisfluctuating.Howtocatchbothprimarytopicsandtrendoftopicsovertheshiftingon-linediscussionsarenotonlyoftheoreticalimportanceforscientificresearch,butalsoofpracticalimportanceforsocietalmanagementespeciallyincurrentChina.Totrythecutting-edgetextanalytictechnologiestodealwithunstructuredon-linepublicopinionsandprovidesupportforsocialproblem-solvinginthebigdataeraisworthanendeavour.Thispaperappliesdynamictopicmodel(DTM)toexplorethechangingtopicsofnewpostscollectedfromTianyaZatanBoardofTianyaClub,themostinfluentialChineseBBSinmainlandChina.Byanalysisofthehotandcoldtermstrends,wecatchthetopicsshiftofmainon-lineconcernswithillustrationsoftopicsofschoolbusandenvironmentinDecemberof2011.Analgorithmisproposedtocomputethestrengthfluctuationofeachtopic.Withvisualizedanalysisoftherespectivemaintopicsinseveralmonthsof2012,somepatternsofthetopicsfluctuationontheboardaresummarized.

简介：Brachialplexusinjuryisfrequentlyinducedbyinjuries,accidentsorbirthtrauma.Upperlimbfunctionmaybepartiallyortotallylostafterinjury,orleftpermanentlydisabled.Withthedevelopmentofvariousmedicaltechnologies,differenttypesofinterventionsareused,buttheireffectivenessiswideranging.Manyrepairmethodshavephasiccharacteristics,i.e.,repairsaredoneindifferentphases.Thisstudyexploredresearchprogressandhottopicmethodsforprotectionafterbrachialplexusinjury,byanalyzing1,797articlesconcerningtherepairofbrachialplexusinjuries,publishedbetween2004and2013andindexedbytheScienceCitationIndexdatabase.Resultsrevealedthattherearemanymethodsusedtorepairbrachialplexusinjury,andtheireffectsarevaried.Interventionmethodsincludenervetransfersurgery,electricalstimulation,celltransplantation,neurotrophicfactortherapyanddrugtreatment.Therapeuticmethodsinthisfieldchangeaccordingtothehottopicofresearch.

简介：AbstractObjective:Labor is a complex process and labor pain presents challenges for analgesia. Epidural analgesia (EA) has a well-known analgesic effect and is commonly used during labor. This review summarized frequently encountered and controversial problems surrounding EA during labor, including the labor process and maternal intrapartum fever, to build knowledge in this area.Data sources:We searched for relevant articles published up to 2019 in PubMed using a range of search terms (eg, "labor pain," "epidural," "analgesia," "labor process," "maternal pyrexia," "intrapartum fever" ).Study selection:The search returned 835 articles, including randomized control trials, retrospective cohort studies, observational studies, and reviews. The articles were screened by title, abstract, and then full-text, with a sample independently screened by two authors. Thirty-eight articles were included in our final analysis; 20 articles concerned the labor process and 18 reported on maternal pyrexia during EA.Results:Four classic prospective studies including 14,326 participants compared early and delayed initiation of EA by the incidence of cesarean delivery. Early initiation following an analgesia request was preferred. However, it was controversial whether continuous use of EA in the second stage of labor induced adverse maternal and neonatal outcomes due to changes in analgesic and epidural infusion regimens. There was a high incidence of maternal pyrexia in women receiving EA and women with placental inflammation or histologic chorioamnionitis compared with those receiving systemic opioids.Conclusions:Early EA (cervical dilation ≥1 cm) does not increase the risk for cesarean section. Continuous epidural application of low doses of analgesics and programmed intermittent epidural bolus do not prolong second-stage labor duration or impact maternal and neonatal outcomes. The association between EA and maternal pyrexia remains controversial, but pyrexia is more common with EA than without. A non-infectious inflammatory process is an accepted mechanism of epidural-related maternal fever.

简介：ThiscriticalreviewassessesEliHinkel’sresearchpaperTheEffectsofEssayTopicsonModalVerbUsesinL1andL2AcademicWritingintermsofbothwritingprocessandwritingproduct.Itacknowledgesthemeritsaswellastheflawsofthepaperandconcludeswithfuturestudysuggestions.