简介：<正>TherearemanykindsofsportsthatIenjoy,suchasplayingbasketball,swimming,climbing.However,myfavoritesportisrunning.Inmymind,itisagoodactivityforpeopletokeephealthyandrelievepressure(缓解压力).Everymorning,Ilikerunningalongtheroad,andIthink

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简介：InarecentissueoftheJournalofSportandHealthScience,García-Pinillosetal.~1reviewedevidenceontheeffectsofhighintensityintermittenttraining(intervaltraining)(HIIT)onmuscularandperformanceadaptationsinrecreationalrunners.

简介：Therewasasurgeinpublishedresearchrelatedtobarefootrunninginthepast2decades,andespeciallyinthepast5years.Forexample,thenumberofreturnsfor'barefootrunning'inGoogleScholarincreaseddramaticallyrelativetothesearchreturnsfor'running'(Fig.1).'Running'relatedreturnsstartedatabout220,000in1997andpeakedatabout376,000in2007(a0.7timesincrease)andgraduallydecreasedtolessthan

简介：Background:Numerousstudiesabouttheinteractionbetweenfootwear(andbarefoot)andkinematicandkineticoutcomeshavebeenpublishedoverthelastfewyears.Recentstudieshoweverleadtotheconclusionthattheassumedinteractionsdependmainlyonthesubjects'experienceofbarefoot(BF)walking/running,thepreferredrunningstrikepattern,thespeed,thehardnessofthesurface,thethicknessofthemidsolematerial,andtherunners'levelofability.Theaimofthepresentstudywastoinvestigatelowerlegkinematicso\'BFrunningandrunninginminimalrunningshoes(MRS)toassesscomparabilityofBFkinematicsinbothconditions.Tosystematicallycomparebothconditionswemonitoredtheinfluencingvariablesdescribedaboveinourmeasurementsetup.WehypothesizedthatrunninginMRSdoesnotalterlowerlegkinematicscomparedtoBFrunning.Methods:Thirty-sevensubjects,injury-freeandactiveinsports,ranBFonanEVAfoamrunway,andalsoranshodwearingNikeFree3.0onatartanindoortrack.Lower-leg3Dkinematicswasmeasuredtoquantifyrearfootandanklemovements.SkinmarkerswereusedinbothshodandBFrunning.Results:Allrunnersrevealedrearfootstrikepatternwhenrunningbarefoot.DifferencesbetweenBFandMRSrunningoccurredparticularlyduringtheinitialstancephaseofrunning,bothinthesagittalandthefrontalplanes.BFrunningrevealedaflatterfootplacement,amoreplantarflexedanklejointandlessinvertedrearfootattouchdowncomparedtoMRSrunning.Conclusion:BFrunningdoesnotchangethelandingautomaticallytoforefootrunning,especiallyafterasystematicexclusionofsurfaceandotherinfluencingfactors.TheNikeFree3.0mimicssomeBFfeatures.Nevertheless,changesindesignoftheNikeFreeshouldbeconsideredinordertomimicBFmovementevenmoreclosely.

简介：Inourageofinformationsuperhighway,thereisaninvis-ibleboomincommunicationsinvestmentowingtothehighqualityandlowpriceofthecommunicationsequipment.Intermsoftheprice,thegovernmentreportsariseofsome7percentsincet989.However,BusinessWeekestimatesthatthetruepricedeclinesbyabout35percent.Intermsofinvest-

简介：Background:RunningisbecominganincreasinglypopularactivityamongAmericanswithover50millionparticipants.Runningshoeresearchandtechnologyhascontinuedtoadvancewithnodecreaseinoverallrunninginjuryrates.Agrowinggroupofrunnersaremakingthechoicetotrytheminimalorbarefootrunningstylesofthepre-modemrunningshoeera.Thereissomeevidenceofdecreasedforcesandtorquesonthelowerextremitieswithbarefootrunning,butnocleardataregardinghowthiscorrespondswithinjuries.Thepurposeofthissurveystudywastoexaminefactorsrelatedtoperformanceandinjuryinrunnerswhohavetriedbarefootrunning.Methods:TheUniversityofVirginiaCenlcrforEnduranceSpor!createda10-questionsurveyregardingbarefootrunningthaiwa.spo.stedonavarietyofrunningblogsandFacebookpages.Percentageswerecalculatedforeachquestionacrossallsurveys.Fivehundredandnineparticipantsrespondedwithover93%ofthemincorporatingsometypeofbarefootrunningintotheirweeklymileage.Results:Amajorityoftheparticipants(53%)viewedbarefootrunningasatrainingtooltoimprovespecificaspectsoftheirrunning.However,closetohalf(46%)viewedbarefoottrainingasaviablealternativetoshoesforloggingtheirmiles.Alargeportionofrunnersinitiallytriedbarefootrunningduetothepromiseofimprovedefficiency(60%).anattempttogetpastinjury(53%)and/ortherecentmediahypearoundthepractice(52%).Alargemajority(68%)ofrunnersparticipatinginthestudyexperiencednonewinjuriesafterstartingbarefootrunning.Infact,mostrespondents(69%)actuallyhadtheirpreviousinjuriesgoawayafterstartingbarefootrunning.Runnersrespondedthattheirpreviousknee(46%),foot(19%),ankle(17%),hip(14%),andlowback(14%)injuriesallproceededtoimproveafterstartingbarefootrunning.Conclusion:Priorstudieshavefoundthatbarefootrunningoftenchangesbiomechanicscomparedtoshodrunningwithahypothesizedrelationshipofdecreasedinjuries.Thispaperreports

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简介：ThelateststepsinthesteadyevolutionoftheCERNComputerCentrehavebeentoreducethemultitudeofclustersandarchitecturesandtoconcentrateoncommodityhardware.AnactiveRISCdecommissioningprogramhasbeenundertakentoencouragemigrationtoLinux,andaprogramofmergingdedicatedexperimentclustersintolargersharedfacilitieshasbeenlaunched.Thispaperdescribestheseprogramsandtheexperiencesrunningtheresultantmulti-hundrednodesharedLinuxclusters.

简介：ThisissueofJournalofSportandHealthSciencecontainsapoint-counterpointdiscussionofhamstringinjuriesinsprintrunningbythegroupsofDrs.LiuandYu.~(1–4)Theyproposedifferentmechanismsofmuscleinjuriesingeneral,andhamstringinjuriesinsprintrunningspecifically.Yuetal.2,4presentevidencesuggestingthathamstringinjuriesareprimarilycausedbyexcessivemusclestrainduringeccentriccontraction.Inmaximaleffortsprintrunning,excessivemusclestrains

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简介：BambooOSB(BOSB)mediumexperimentallineandkeyequipmentsarepresentedforthefirsttimebasedontheanalysisofBOSBproductiontechnologiesandprocessesrequirements.ComponentofBOSBmediumexperimentallineandkeyequipmentsstated.ThepaperillustratedBOSBflaker,glueblender,orientingformer.Thenmediumexperimentallineisgiventoagreatdealoftestrunandoptimization.ThetestsindicatedthatthemediumexperimentallineoperatedsmoothlyforproducingBOSB.TestedBOSBkeyperformanceindicatorswerehigherthantheLY/T1580-2000(OSB/4).

简介：I.AReviewofChina’sJudicialProtectionforHumanRightsToeffectivelyprotecthumanrights,acountryneedstospecifyinitslawsa

简介：在这篇文章，跑进一条单程的二小巷的道路隧道的货车的过程用动态网孔技术和RNGk数字地被模仿吗？骚乱模型。在货车附近的短暂空气动力学的特征在三种情况中被获得：一辆单个货车，二辆货车一起并且一个接一个分别地跑进隧道的二辆货车。通过有风隧道实验的结果的比较，短暂模拟方法被验证。结果看那一辆货车是否跑进隧道，空气动力学在隧道入口附近拖系数增加，并且在进入隧道以后，方面力量被产生，更近指向隧道墙到货车。当二辆货车一起跑进隧道时，他们在50%的drag系数增加，和方面力量严厉地变化，方向在隧道入口附近变化两次。当二辆货车一个接一个跑进隧道时，在在前面的货车附近的空气动力学的特征在货车在后面上类似于一辆单个货车，而是空气动力学的力量的没有明显的变化。在三个盒子之中，当二辆货车一起跑时，空气动力学的力量有一个锋利的变化，因此一起开进一条隧道应该为安全被避免。

简介：Backgound:Barefoot(BF)runninghasrecentlyincreasedinpopularitywithclaimsthatitismorenaturalandmayresultinfewerinjuriesduetoareductioninimpactloading.However,noviceBFrunnersdonotnecessarilyimmediatelyswitchtoaforefootstrikepattern.Thismayincreasemechanicalparameterssuchasloadingrate,whichhasheenassociatedwithcertainrunning-relatedinjuries,specifically,tibialstressfractures.patellofemoralpain,andplantariasciitis.ThepurposeofthisstudywastoexaminechangesinloadingparametersbetweentypicalshodrunningandinstructedBFrunningwithreal-timeforcefeedback.Methods:Forty-ninepatientsseekingtreatmentforalowerextremityinjuryranonaforce-sensingtreadmillintheirtypicalshodconditionandthenBFatthesamespeed.WhileBFtheyreceivedverbalinstructionandreal-timefeedbackofverticalgroundreactionforces.Results:While92%ofsubjects(n=45)demonstratedarearfootstrikepatternwhenshod,only2%(n=1)didduringtheinstructedBFrun.Additionally,whileBF47%(n=23)eliminatedtheverticalimpacttransientinalleightstepsanalyzed.AllloadingvariablesofinterestweresignificantlyreducedfromtheshodtoinstructedBFcondition.Theseincludedmaximuminstantaneousandaverageverticalloadingratesofthegroundreactionforce(p<0.0001),stiffnessduringinitialloading(p<0.0001).andpeakmedial(p=0.001)andlateral(p<0.0001)groundreactionforcesandimpulsesinthevertical(p<0.0001).medial(p=0.047),andlateral(p<0.0001)directions.Conclusion:Asimpactloadinghasbeenassociatedwithcertainrunning-relatedinjuries,instructionandfeedbackontheproperforefootstrikepatternmayhelpreducetheinjuryriskassociatedwithtransitioningtoBFrunning.

简介：Background:Theforefootrunningfootfallpatternhasbeensuggestedtoreducetheriskofdevelopingrunningrelatedoveruseinjuriesduetoareductionofimpactrelatedvariablescomparedwiththerearfootrunningfootfallpattern.However,onlytime-domainimpactvariableshavebeencomparedbetweenfootfallpatterns.Thefrequencycontentoftheimpactshockandthedegreetowhichitisattenuatedmaybeofgreaterimportanceforinjuryriskandpreventionthantime-domainvariables.Therefore,thepurposeofthisstudywastodeterminethedifferencesinheadandtibialaccelerationsignalpowerandshockattenuationbetweenrearfootandforefootrunning.Methods:Nineteenhabitualrearfootrunnersand19habitualforefootrunnersranonatreadmillat3.5m/susingtheirpreferredfootfallpatternswhiletibialandheadaccelerationdatawerecollected.Themagnitudeofthefirstandsecondheadaccelerationpeaks,andpeakpositivetibialaccelerationwerecalculated.Thepowerspectraldensityofeachsignalwascalculatedtotransformtheheadandtibialaccelerationsinthefrequencydomain.Shockattenuationwascalculatedbyatransferfunctionoftheheadsignalrelativetothetibia.Results:Peakpositivetibialaccelerationandsignalpowerinthelowerandhigherrangesweresignificantlygreaterduringrearfootthanforefootrunning(/><0.05).Thefirstandsecondheadaccelerationpeaksandheadsignalpowerwerenotstatisticallydifferentbetweenpatterns(p>0.05).Rearfootrunningresultedinsignificantlygreatershockattenuationforthelowerandhigherfrequencyrangesasaresultofgreatertibialacceleration(p<0.05).Conclusion:Thedifferenceinimpactshockfrequencycontentbetweenfootfallpatternssuggeststhattheprimarymechanismsforattenuationmaydiffer.Therelationshipbetweenshockattenuationmechanismsandinjuryisnotclearbutgiventhedifferencesinimpactfrequencycontent,neitherfootfallpatternmaybemorebeneficialforinjury,ratherthetypeofinjurysustainedmayvary

简介：Barefootrunninghasbeenaroundformillionsofyears,anditissafetopresumethatformostofthattime,thepracticeoccasionedlittleinterest.Ourancestorsranbarefootbecausetheyhadnoshoes.Whenfootwearwasfirstinventedduringthelast40,000years(nodoubtatdifferenttimesandindifferentplaces),shoeswerebynecessityminimal-essentiallysandalsandmoccasins-designedtoprotectthesoleofthefootbutlackinganyofthesophisticatedfeaturesandmaterialspresentinmodemrunningshoessuchaselevatedcushionedheels,archsupports,andtoesprings.Mostofthesefeatureswereinventedinthe1970s,andtheyquicklybecamemorepopularandsophisticatedasrunningunderwentaworldwideboom.Today,thevastmajorityofrunnersthinkitisnormaltowearcushionedrunningshoes,andwouldneverdreamofrunningwithoutthem.

简介：ArthritisistheleadingcauseofdisabilityinolderadultsintheUnitedStates.1Osteoarthritis(OA)isthemostcommonformofarthritis,andkneeandhipthemostaffectedjoints.SomeofthecommonriskfactorsareassociatedwithkneeandhipOAincludingage,bodyweight,pastjointinjuries,andsportparticipation.Participationinstrenuoussportsincreasestherisksofinjuries.However,itisnotclearifparticipationindifferentsportspresentsdifferentrisksforOA.2Forexample,itiswellknownthatrunningincreasestheriskforkneeinjuries,butitremainsunknownifrunningisassociatedwithan