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简介：AbstractBackground:The optimal treatment for large impacted proximal ureteral stones remains controversial. The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy, safety, and potential complications of mini-percutaneous nephrolithotomy (MPCNL) and retroperitoneal laparoscopic ureterolithotomy (RPLU) in the treatment of impacted proximal ureteral stones with size greater than 15 mm.Methods:A total of 268 patients with impacted proximal ureteral stones greater than 15 mm who received MPCNL or RPLU procedures were enrolled consecutively between January 2014 and January 2019. Data on surgical outcomes and complications were collected and analyzed.Results:Demographic and ureteral stone characteristics found between these two groups were not significantly different. The surgical success rate (139/142, 97.9% vs. 121/126, 96.0%, P = 0.595) and stone-free rate after 1 month (139/142, 97.9% vs. 119/126, 94.4%, P = 0.245) of RPLU group were marginally higher than that of the MPCNL group, but there was no significant difference. There was no significant difference in the drop of hemoglobin between the two groups (0.8 ± 0.6 vs. 0.4 ± 0. 2 g/dL, P = 0.621). The mean operative time (68.2 ± 12.5 vs. 87.2 ± 16.8 min, P = 0.041), post-operative analgesics usage (2/121, 1.7% vs. 13/139, 9.4%, P = 0.017), length of hospital stay after surgery (2.2 ± 0.6 vs. 4.8 ± 0.9 days, P < 0.001), double J stent time (3.2 ± 0.5 vs. 3.9 ± 0.8 days, P = 0.027), time of catheterization (1.1 ± 0.3 vs. 3.5 ± 0.5 days, P < 0.001), and time of drainage tube (2.3 ± 0.3 vs. 4.6 ± 0.6 days, P < 0.001) of MPCNL group were significantly shorter than that of the RPLU group. The complication rate was similar between the two groups (20/121, 16.5% vs. 31/139, 22.3%, P = 0.242).Conclusions:MPCNL and RPLU have similar surgical success and stone clearance in treating impacted proximal ureteral stones greater than 15 mm, while patients undergoing MPCNL had a lower post-operative pain rate and a faster recovery.

简介：摘要 探讨逆行性肾内输尿管软镜碎石术（Retrograde Intrarenal Stone Surgery，RIRS）与经皮肾镜碎石术（percutaneous nephrolithotomy,PCNL）在治疗肾结石中的临床价值方法：回顾分析贵黔国际总医院泌尿外科在2019年10月18日至2021年3月20日治疗的100名结石大小范围在1CM-2CM，单发肾下盏结石患者，均接受肾结石碎石手术。根据不同的术式，逆行性肾内输尿管软镜碎石术50例为对照组，经皮肾镜碎石术50例为观察组。分析两种手术方式在临床中对于肾下盏结石的治疗价值。结果：对照组与观察组的清石率为分别为23/50（46%）与38/50（76%），对照组（RIRS）术后出现并发症为（感染7例，出血12例，疼痛14例,），观察组（PCNL）出现并发症为（感染9例，出血10例，疼痛19例，），比较两组清石率，观察组大于对照组（P＜0.05）具有统计学意义。结论：在治疗肾下盏结石中，逆行性肾内输尿管软镜碎石术比经皮肾镜碎石术更具患者接受，患者的舒适性更高，创伤性更小。而在结石方面，结石的直径越小，且位置越好肾结石可选择逆行性肾内输尿管软镜碎石术，如患者的结石越大，且位置过于狭隘，经皮肾镜碎石术效果则更好，两种术式均可有效的治疗肾结石，可依据患者病情而定。