简介：IntroductionInteachingwriting,peopleusuallypayattentiontogrammaticalproblemsfromsentencestructuretoarticles.Theyalsopayattentiontospelling,capitalisation,punctuationandthechoiceofwords.Theseareessential-butsoisthetoneofthewriting.Inthisarticle,I’dliketopresentsomeideasabouttone.Tone

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简介：AHFreceiverfordatatransmissionbasedonKalmanfilterandchannelestimatorisproposed.Thesimulationresultsshowthattheperformanceoftheproposedschemeisabout2dBbetterthanthatofDecision-FeedbackEqualizerbasedonSquare-RootKalmanAlgorithm(SRKA/DFE)anditscomputationalcomplexityislowerthanthatofMaximumLikelihoodSequenceEstimation(MLSE).

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简介：Inthispaper,anewapproachofpatternrecognitionfortoneclassificationofPutonghuaWhichisim-portantforspeechrecognitionofPutonghuaisdiscribed.Inthismethod,fourparametersofthefundamen-talfrequencytrajectoryareselectedbasedonalargenumberofstatisticalexperiments.ItisassumedthatthefourparameterssatisfymultidimensionalGaussiondistributionandanon-Euclideandistancefunctionforeachtoneclassisderivedaccordingtotheruleofminimumprobabilityofcalssificationerror.theoptimaldecisionresultsareobtainedinasenseofstatistics.Itisprovedthatthismethodprovidesverysatisfactoryresultsbytheexperimentsforspeaker-independenttoneclassificationofPutonghua.

简介：TheresearchaimistoinvestigatethathowpitchanddurationaffecttheperceptionoftheneutraltoneinstandardChineseandthatwhichoneofthetwofactorsismoreimportant.Apsycho-acousticexperimentwasconducted,inwhichthelisteningstimuliconsistedof15groupsofdisyllabicwords,andthepitchesanddurationsofthetwosyllablesineachofthewordswereartificiallycontrolled.Thirty-threestandardChinesenativespeakersparticipatedinaforced-choicetasktojudgeifthesecondsyllablesofthewordstheyheardcarriedtheneutraltoneorthenormaltones.Theresultsoftheexperimentindicatedthat,(1)theeffectsofbothpitchanddurationontheperceptionoftheneutraltonearesignificant;(2)theeffectofpitchislargerthanthatofduration;(3)boththeF0valuesofthehighpointinthepitchcontourandthepitchcontourpatternhaveinfluenceontheperception.Theresultsoftheexperimentwerecorrespondenttosomeextenttothoseofthepreviousacousticanalysesontheneutraltone.Thediversitybetweentheresultsofthepresentedperceptualstudyandthoseoftheacousticalstudiesimpliesthattheacousticfeaturesoftheneutraltonethatexistinnaturalspeechwhiledonotaffecttheperceptionmaybephonologicallyredundant.

简介：ThispaperappliesFreudianpsychoanalyticalmethodtointerpretingthecharacteristicsofthethreeheroesinthePictureofDorianGray.BasedonFreud'stheoryofpsychoanalysis,thepaperpresentsthattheharmonyofthetripartitepersonalityistheunderlyinghighlightofthenovelandconcludesthattheconceptsoftheid,theego,andthesuperegocorrespondwiththeimagesofLordHenry,DorianGrayandBasilHallwardrespectively.AndthispaperclaimsthatDorianGray'sself-destructionisthemostextremedevelopmentoftheimbalancebetweenthesuperegoandtheid.

简介：音调模型(TM)集成是为官员语音识别的一项重要任务。有效有区别地使用当把TM分数集成到多传递语音识别时，放大因素训练被证明了。而且，可伸缩的上下文依赖者(CD)能更好被申请在模型之间的插值。这条途径的一限制是很多参数将被介绍，它使这种技术容易到训练过度。在这份报纸，我们建议由使用自动地导出的语音的决定树导致上下文依赖者模型重量。在每个树节点的问题被选择在训练数据上最小化期望的识别错误。首先订客观功能被用于问题修剪使树造有效的最小的电话错误(MPE)的近似。连续官员语音识别上的试验性的结果证明方法能够导致最关键的语音的上下文并且与少得多的参数获得重要错误减小，与由使用放大参数的手工地设计的上下文依赖者获得了那相比。

简介：Basil and Henry are all aesthetes respectively representing Oscar Wilde’s aestheticism in their own way. The protagonist Dorian Gray is a youth with stunning beauty,he made a confession to Lord Henry about the influence of Dorian’s beauty upon his art as,is not only a picture in which Wilde’s aestheticism is faithfully painted

简介：a dandy and cynic who treats life as a spectator sport and exercises a malign influence upon Dorian. It is through his scintillating remarks that Oscar Wilde finds an ideal outlet for his own outlook toward art and life. In Lord Henry three elements coalesce to distinguish Wilde as a leading aesthete,paradoxes like these cast a spell upon readers throughout the pages. Lord Henry’s use of paradoxes would be less disturbing for readers if it were a style that Wilde had applied solely to depict an obviously corrupt character within the novel. But paradox is the hallmark of Wilde’s own style of speaking in his real life,when Lord Henry speaks. To highlight Lord Henry’s demeanor and habit as a dandy

简介：在连续语音识别的音调模型集成的一个歧视的框架被建议。放大隐藏的Markov模型的可能性基于的方法使用模型依赖者重量光谱特征和音调模型基于音调的features.The重量是有区别地由最小的电话错误标准的trahined。模型重量的更改方程基于扩大Baum-Welch算法被导出。模型重量联合的各种各样的计划被评估，一种变光滑的技术被介绍成为训练对柔韧在适合上。建议方法是音调的音节输出和字符输出语音识别任务上的ewluated。试验性的结果证明建议方法由于给定的模型的更好的插值在二项任务比全球重量获得了9.5%和4.7%相对错误减小。这为音调模型集成证明歧视的训练模型重量的有效性。

简介：ObjectiveToassesstheutilityoflow-andhigh-frequencytympanometryinthediagnosisofmiddleeardysfunctioninChineseinfants.MethodsTympanogramswereobtainedwith226Hz,678Hzand1000Hzprobetonesfrominfantsaged5-25weekswithnormalauditorybrainstemresponses(ABRs)(15infants,30ears)andwithprolongedwaveIlatencies(17infants,20ears),suggestingmiddleeardysfunction,usingaGSITympstarmiddleearanalyzerVersionII.ResultsThesingle-peakedtympanogramwasthemostcharacteristictypeinbothgroupsandseenin25ears(83.3%)inthenormalABRgroupandin18ears(90%)inthedelayedwaveIgroup,respectively.Thepeakpressure,peakcompensatedstaticacousticadmittanceandgradientof226Hztympanometrywereofnosignificantdifferencesbetweenthetwogroups.The678Hztympanogramsofadmittance,susceptanceandconductancedemonstratednon-peak,single-,double-andtri-peakedpatternsinbothgroups.TheagreementbetweenABRsand678Hztympanogramsofadmittance,susceptanceandconductancewere70.0%,58.0%and64.0%(kappa=0.324,0.234and0.118)respectively.For1000Hzprobetone,admittance,susceptanceandconductancetympanogramsshowedsinglepeakedpatternsin28(93.3%),25(83.3%)and26(86.7%)ofthe30normalears.Admittance,susceptanceandconductancetympanogramsusingthe1000Hzprobetonewereflatin15(75%),17(85%)and13(65%)oftheearsininfantswithprolongedwaveIlatencies.For1000Hzadmittance,susceptanceandconductanceTympanograms,theagreementbetweentympanometryandABRresultswere90.0%,92.0%and86.0%withkappaat0.783,0.831and0.690,respectively.Conclusion1000Hzprobetonetympanometryisapromisingmiddleearfunctiontestforinfantsof1-6monthsage,while226Hzand678Hzprobetonesarelessefficientindetectingmiddleeardysfunctionininfants.

简介：Anewgray-spatialhistogramisproposed,whichincorporatesspatialinformationwithgraycompositionswithoutsacrificingtherobustnessoftraditionalgrayhistograms.Thepurposeistoconsidertherepresentationroleofgraycompositionsandspatialinformationsimultaneously.Eachentryinthegray-spatialhistogramisthegrayfrequencyandcorrespondingpositioninformationofimages.Intheexperimentsofsonarimagerecognition,theresultsshowthatthegray-spatialhistogramiseffectiveinpracticaluse.

简介：ＥｆｅｃｔｏｆＲａｒｅＥａｒｔｈｓａｎｄＮｉｔｒｏｇｅｎｏｎＧｒａｐｈｉｔｅＳｔｒｕｃｔｕｒｅｏｆＧｒａｙＣａｓｔＩｒｏｎＺｈａｉＱｉｊｉｅ（翟启杰），ＺｅｎｇＱｉ（曾奇）（ＦｏｕｎｄｒｙＩｎｓｔｉｔｕｔｅ，ＵｎｉｖｅｒｓｉｔｙｏｆＳｃｉｅｎｃｅａ...

简介：Anadaptivedigitalimagewatermarkalgorithmwithstrongrobustnessbasedongray-scalemorphologyisproposedinthispaper.Theembeddedstrategiesinclude:Thealgorithmseeksandextractsadaptivelytheimagestrongtextureregions.Thealgorithmmapstheimagestrongtextureregiontothewavelettreestructures,andembedsadaptivelywatermarkintothewaveletcoefficientscorrespondingtotheimage'sstrongtextureregions.Accordingtothevisualmaskingfeatures,thealgorithmadjustsadaptivelythewatermark-embeddingintensity.Experimentalresultsshowthealgorithmisrobusttocompression,filtering,noiseaswellasstrongshearattacks.Thealgorithmisblindwatermarkscheme.Theimagestrongtextureregionextractionmethodbasedonmorphologyinthisalgorithmissimpleandeffectiveandadaptivetovariousimages.

简介：Abankhadbetterrationitscreditifitfirstentersagraysystemofcreditinformationwhereitcannotdistinguishbetweenthelow-andhigh-riskborrowers.Asthebankkeepsalong-termrelationshipwithitsborrowersthebanklearnsabouttheborrowersthroughtime.WiththehelpoflogitmodelandBayesrule,abankcanprocesscustomer＇screditinformationandbuildabettercredittermitgives.

简介：Weobservedthecharacteristicsofwhitematterfibersandgraymatterinmultiplesclerosispatients,toidentifychangesindiffusiontensorimagingfractionalanisotropyvaluesfollowingwhitematterfiberinjury.Weanalyzedthecorrelationbetweenfractionalanisotropyvaluesandchangesinwhole-braingraymattervolume.Theparticipantsincluded20patientswithrelapsing-remittingmultiplesclerosisand20healthyvolunteersascontrols.Allsubjectsunderwentheadmagneticresonanceimaginganddiffusiontensorimaging.Ourresultsrevealedthatfractionalanisotropyvaluesdecreasedandgraymattervolumeswerereducedinthegenuandspleniumofcorpuscallosum,leftanteriorthalamicradiation,hippocampus,uncinatefasciculus,rightcorticospinaltract,bilateralcingulategyri,andinferiorlongitudinalfasciculusinmultiplesclerosispatients.Graymattervolumesweresignificantlydifferentbetweenthetwogroupsintherightfrontallobe(superiorfrontal,middlefrontal,precentral,andorbitalgyri),rightparietallobe(postcentralandinferiorparietalgyri),righttemporallobe(caudatenucleus),rightoccipitallobe(middleoccipitalgyrus),rightinsula,rightparahippocampalgyrus,andleftcingulategyrus.Thevoxelsizesofatrophicgraymatterpositivelycorrelatedwithfractionalanisotropyvaluesinwhitematterassociationfibersinthepatientgroup.Thesefindingssuggestthatwhitematterfiberbundlesareextensivelyinjuredinmultiplesclerosispatients.Themainareasofgraymatteratrophyinmultiplesclerosisarethefrontallobe,parietallobe,caudatenucleus,parahippocampalgyrus,andcingulategyrus.Graymatteratrophyisstronglyassociatedwithwhitematterinjuryinmultiplesclerosispatients,particularlywithinjurytoassociationfibers.

简介：Inthisletter,animprovedthree-stepsearchalgorithmispresented,whichusesbothgrayandchromaticinformationtoboosttheperformancewithrandomoptimizationandconvergethemotionvectorstoglobaloptima.ExperimentalresultsshowthatthisalgorithmcanefficientlyimprovethePSNRaftermotioncompensation.

简介：Tocompresshyperspectralimages,alowcomplexitydiscretecosinetransform(DCT)-baseddistributedsourcecoding(DSC)schemewithGraycodeisproposed.UnlikemostoftheexistingDSCschemes,whichutilizetransforminspatialdomain,theproposedalgorithmappliestransforminspectraldomain.Set-partitioning-basedapproachisappliedtoreorganizeDCTcoefficientsintowaveletliketreestructureandextractthesign,refinement,andsignificancebitplanes.TheextractedrefinementbitsareGrayencoded.Becauseofthedependencyalongthelinedimensionofhyperspectralimages,lowdensityparitycheck-(LDPC)-basedSlepian-WolfcoderisadoptedtoimplementtheDSCstrategy.Experimentalresultsonairbornevisible/infraredimagingspectrometer(AVIRIS)datasetshowthattheproposedparadigmachievesupto6dBimprovementoverDSC-basedcoderswhichapplytransforminspatialdomain,withsignificantlyreducedcomputationalcomplexityandmemorystorage.

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