简介：Theobjectiveofconformancetestingistodeterminewhetheranimplementationundertest(IUT)conformstoitsspecification.Indistributedtestarchitecturewheretherearemultipleremotetesters,theobjectivecanbecomplicatedbythefactthattestersmayencountercontrollabilityandobservabilityproblemsduringtheapplicationofatestsequence.Acertainamountofworkhasbeendoneintheareaofgeneratingtestsequencethatisfreefromtheseproblems.However,fewresearchersinvestigatethemfromtheaspectoftestexecution.Thisworkstudiesthetestexecutionphasewhentestsequencesareappliedtotheimple-mentationanditispointedoutthatcontrollabilityandobservabilityproblemscanberesolvedifandonlyifthetestsystemim-plementssometimingconstraints.Whendeterminingtheseconstraints,thedynamictimeinformationduringtestistakenintoaccount,whichreducesthetestexecutiontimeandimprovestestefficiencyfurther.

简介：Inthispaper,anewtimingoffsetestimationmethodforOrthogonalFrequencyDivisionMultiplexing(OFDM)systemsarepresented.Uponthereceiptofjustonetrainingsequence,thispresenceofasignalandthestartoftheframecanbedetected.TheperformancesofthetimingestimatorinadditivewhiteGaussiannoiseandthemobilemultipathchannelareevaluatedbysimulation.TheresultsdeliveredbythisalgorithmarecomparedwiththosedeliveredbySchmidlandCox.

简介：村上春树形容一个长跑运动员的心态说,今天不想跑,所以才去跑。这是强者的心态,没有与生俱来的强者,也没有谁生来就不想做强者。最近有一个挺重要的考试,难度系数是那种只要准备充分就能过关的程度。三大本书整整齐齐地摞在书桌上,眼睛就是离不开手机屏幕。

简介：Mostenvironmentalissuesandpolicydesigningareuncertainandirreversible;therefore,thetimingofenvironmentalpolicyimplementationbecomesespeciallyimportant.Thispaperestablishesarandomdynamicprogrammingmodelandanalyzestheoptimaltimingproblemsinenvironmentalpolicyunderuncertainvariables.Thismodelresultsindicatethattwovariableshaveasignificantimpactonthetimingofenvironmentalpolicyimplementationandtheyworkinoppositedirecfons:ononehand,themoreuncertaintheeconomyis,thehigherthecostofpoliciesimplementationwillbe,andconsequentlytheincentivetoimmediatelyadoptthepolicywillbestronger.Ontheotherhand,thehighertheuncertaintyoftheenvironmentis,thestrongertheirreversibilityofecologicalharmcausedbypollutantsperunitwillbe.Therefore,thegovernmentshouldimplementnewenvironmentalpoliciesasearlyaspossibleinordertogainmoreecologicalbenefits.

简介：TwomethodsforsmoothingpseudorangeobservablebyCarrierandDopplerarediscussed.ThentheprocedurebasedontheRINEXobservationfilesistestedusingtheAshtechZ-XII3TgeodeticreceiversdrivenbyastableexternalfrequencyatUNSO.Thispaperproposestoadaptthisprocedureforthelinksbetweengeodeticreceivers,inordertotakeadvantageofthePcodesavailableonL1andL2.Thisnewprocedureusesthe30-secondRINEXobservationsfiles,thestandardoftheInternationalGPSService(IGS),andprocessestheionosphere-freecombinationofthecodesP1andP2;thesatellitepositionsarededucedfromtheIGSrapidorbits,availableaftertwodays.

简介：Ventriculartachycardia(VT)inthepresenceofstructuralheartdiseaseisassociatedwithsuddencardiacdeathandwarrantspromptattention.Implantablecardioverterdefibrillators(ICDs)whilehighlyeffectiveinterminatingsustainedventriculararrhythmiasandreducingmortality,havenoeffectonthearrhythmiasubstrateandrecurrentshocksforVTterminationoccurinapproximately20%ofpatients.Shocksworsenqualityoflifeandareassociatedwithprogressionofheartfailureandincreasedmortality.Antiarrhythmicdrugs,mainlyintheformofbeta-blockersoramiodarone,aremoderatelyeffectiveinreducingICDtherapiesbutdrugintoleranceandserioustoxicitiesofamiodaronenecessitatedrugcessationinaquarterofpatients.CatheterablationhasemergedasaneffectivetreatmentforcontroloffrequentVTepisodesandcanbelifesavingincasesofincessantVTorVTstorm.Asexperienceincreases,itisbeingusedincreasinglyearlier,ratherthanalastresorttherapy.Efficacyvarieswiththenatureoftheunderlyingheartdisease.Intramuralarrhythmiasubstrateandfailuretocreatepermanentablationlesionsremainchallengesandrepeatproceduresarenecessaryinathirdtoahalfofpatients.ForidiopathicVTsorPVCsthataresymptomaticorworsenLVfunction,catheterablationisoftenaneffectivetherapy.

简介：Existingglobalmicrocodecompactionapproacheshaveallassumedatargetarchitecturethathasmicrooperationconflictsanddatadependenciesasthetwofundamentalcompactionconstraints.However,newpracticalmicromachinefeaturesdemandthatthetimingconstraintbeintroducedintothetraditionalcompactionmodeltoguaranteecompactioncorrectness.Thispaperstartsbyananalysisonthenatureoftimingconstraints,thenmodifiestherulesformicrooperationmotions,presentsanalgorithm,TST,basedonTraceScheduling,forglobalcompactionundertimingconstraints,andfinallyshowsresultsofexperiments.

简介：AbstractCompletion thyroidectomy (CT) is employed after lobectomy when histopathological results mandates total removal of the gland as in case of well differentiated thyroid carcinoma (DTC). It is also employed as a second stage thyroid surgery when unfavorable events occur as in recurrent laryngeal nerve injury or when the surgeon finds out the case is beyond his/her expertise in an attempt to protect the contralateral side and allowing time for recovery or for an expert surgeon to help.

简介：Inthispaper,theoptimaltradingstrategyintimingthemarketbyswitchingbetweentwostocksisgiven.Inordertodealwithalargesamplesizewithafastturnaroundcomputationtime,weproposeaclassofrecursivealgorithm.Asimulationisgiventoverifytheeffectivenessofourmethod.

简介：Toanalyzetheprocessofhand-timingandtheresultingdatacollectedfromthehand-timingcomputersystem(HTCS),includingthetimingoperator′sreactiontimesofstartingandstoppingthewatch,theresultsfromthetiming,thesimulatedelectronictiming,themajorfactorthataffectsthetime-keeper′saccuracyoftime-keepingwerestudied,i.e.thestabilityofthetime-keeper′sreactiontime,ratherthanthetime-keeper′sreationtime.Theleadingcausethatinflictserrorbetweenthehand-time-keepingandtheelectrionictime-keepingconsistsinthepitfallthatthetime-keepermakesawrongjudgmentinstoppingthewatch.Theanalyticalresultsprovidetheoreticgistfortheselectionandtrainingoftime-keepingoperators.

简介：期刊极化调制方案被建议压制预定在solitons的二个极化部件之间的频率变化导致的极度紧张。Inperiodical极化调制方案，soliton的极化状态被调制为压制同等地激动预定二个不相等的极化部件在套住的thesoliton导致的极度紧张。而且，极化调整能在每个继电器远处削弱随机的birefringence在soliton脉搏的效果。数值结果证明预定极度紧张的soliton被我们的建议方法压制。

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简介：Thispaperpresentsaschemetoidentifyandcompensatethetimingmismatchesbetweentwochannelsfortimeinterleavedphotonicanalog-to-digitalconverters(TIPADCs).Theimpactofelectro-opticsamplingisremovedbypreprocessingfirstly.ThenacalibrationmethodcombiningchoppingprocessingandaHilberttransformisproposedtoidentifythetimingmismatches,whichcanbefurthercompensatedbyusingvariousmaturecompensationalgorithms.Theprincipleoftheproposedmethodisderivedtheoretically.Theperformanceoftheschemeisanalyzedbysimulation.Theresultsshowthattheharmonicinducedbytimingmismatchescanbesuppressedbymorethan30dBusingtheproposedcorrectionscheme.

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简介：Floodingtimingandfrequencymayhavedifferenteffectsonthegrowthandcarbonmetabolismofplantsinwetlands.WetestedthishypothesisusingthreemarshplantsinSanjiangPlain,whichweregrowingindifferentfloodingtimingandfrequencyenvironmentsfor24days.Thethreemarshplantsindifferentelevationsalongawater-levelgradient,high-elevationspeciesCalamagrostisangustifolia,mid-elevationspeciesCarexlimosaandlow-elevationspeciesCarexlasiocarpa.Ourexperimentincluded6kindsoftreatments:control,longerfloodingtiming,medialfloodingtimingandfrequency(2treatments),andhigherfloodingfrequency(2treatments).LongerfloodingtimingandhigherfloodingfrequencytreatmentsledtosimilarreductionsinbiomassaccumulationandrelativegrowthrateofCalamagrostisangustifolia,whereasgrowthofCarexlimosawasnotaffectedbyeitherfloodingtimingorfrequency.However,biomassaccumulationandrelativegrowthrateofCarexlasiocarpawasonlyreducedbythehigherfloodingfrequency.StarchandsolublesugarcontentsofCalamagrostisangustifoliawerenegativelyaffectedbyfloodingfrequency.OnCarexlimosa,higherfloodingfrequencyresultedinhigherstarchcontent,butlongerfloodingtimingledtoaccumulatedstarchcontentinCarexlasiocarpa.SolublesugarcontentsofCarexlasiocarpaandCarexlimosawerenotaffectedbyeitherfloodingtimingorfloodingfrequency.Theseresultsindicatedthatgrowthresponsesofthethreemarshplantstofloodingtimingandfrequencywascloselyrelatedtothedifferentphysiologyofcarbohydratemetabolism.

简介：·AIM:Toevaluateandcomparetheefficacyandstabilityofintrastromalcornealringsegment(ICRs)implantationwithcross-linking(CXL)usingdifferentsequenceandtiming.·METHODS:Inthissingleretrospectivestudy,86keratoconiceyessubjectedtheICRsimplantation.Weanalyzedonly41eyesthathadcompletefollow-ups.Theyweredividedintothreegroups:ICRsimplantationwasappliedonly(groupnormal),ICRsfirstfollowedbyCXLimmediately(groupCXL-S),CXLfirstfollowedbyICRslongafter(groupCXL-B).Thevisualacuity,refractiveresults,keratometrywerecomparedpreoperativelyand1ypostoperatively.Theirdifferencesamongthethreegroupswerealsoanalyzed.·RESULTS:Groupnormalcomprised25eyes,groupCXL-S8eyes,andgroupCXL-B8eyes.Therewereimprovementsinthemeanuncorrecteddistancevisualacuity(UDVA)andthemeancorrecteddistancevisualacuity(CDVA)comparedpreoperativelyand1ypostoperatively[UDVA:0.31(P=0.030)logarithmicminimumangleofresolution(logMAR)groupnormal,0.4(P=0.020)groupCXL-S,0.45(P=0.001)groupCXL-B;CDVA:0.21logMAR(P=0.013)groupnormal,0.30(P=0.036)groupCXL-S;0.26(P=0.000)groupCXL-B].Therefractiveandtopographicoutcomesalsoshowedimprovements.Intermsofcomparisonsamongthethreegroups,allthePvalueswereabove0.05,showingnosignificantdifference.ButonlygroupCXL-BhadimprovementinUDVAandCDVAforallthepatients.·CONCLUSION:Withsafetyandgoodvisualoutcomes,ICRsimplantationisaviablealternativeforkeratoconus.Nosignificantdifferencewasfoundamongthesethreegroups.

简介：Seismicruptureproducedbyactivefaultingcausesgroundsurfacefracturingandseriouslydamagesbuildings.However,thefracturetracesareusuallyindistinctornon-visiblebecauseofcomplicateddeformationsinQuaternaryunconsolidatedmaterials,sotheirupperpartscanhardlybediscoveredonexploratorytrenches.Theaimofthispaperistostudythetypesoffaultruptureanddisplacementindifferentloosedepositbedsfromajointviewofmega-,meso-,andmicroscopicscales,andtofindthemarkandmethodfortimingthepalaeoseismicruptureonexploratorytrenches.

简介：Inordertoanalyzetheexperimentalcardiovascularsignalwithhighaccuracy,asystem,integratingreal-timemonitoringandoff-linefurtheranalysis,wasdevelopedandverified.Thedesign,dataprocessingandanalysismethodsaswellastestingresultsaredescribed.With5samplingfrequencychoicesand8channeldataacquisition,thesystemachievedhighperformancesinbeat-to-beatmonitoring,signalprocessingandanalysis.Testswerecarriedouttovalidateitsperformanceinreal-timemonitoring,effectivenessofdigitalfilters,QRSandbloodpressuredetectionreliability,andRR-intervaltimingaccuracy.TheQRSdetectionratewasatleast99.46%fortherecordswithfewnoisesfromMIT-BIHarrhythmiadatabaseusingthealgorithmforreal-timemonitoring,andnolessthan96.43%fortherecordswithsomenoises.Intheconditionthatnoiseamplitudelevelswerelessthan80%,thestandarddeviationsforRR-intervaltimingwerelessthan1mswithageneratedECGcorruptedwithvariousnoisesfromMIT-BmNoiseStressTestDatabase.Besides,thesystemisopenforfunctionexpansiontomeetfurtherstudyspecificneeds.