简介：Drugscancauseobviousdamagetothebrain.Toverifytherelationshipbetweenacupuncture,neurotrophicfactorexpressionandbraincellstructuralchanges,thisstudyestablishedaratmodelofheroinrelapseusingintramuscularinjectionofincreasingamountsofheroin.Duringthedetoxificationperiod,ratmodelsreceivedacupunctureatBaihui(DU20)andDazhui(DU14).Electronmicroscopydemonstratedthatthestructureoftheventraltegmentalareainheroinrelapseratsgraduallybecamenormalizedafteracupuncturetreatment.Immunohistochemicalstainingexhibitedthattheexpressionofbrain-derivedneurotrophicfactorandglialcellline-derivedneurotrophicfactorincreasedintheventraltegmentalareafollowingacupuncture.Moreover,theeffectsweresimilartothatofmethadone,atypeofmedicinecalledanopioid.ResultssuggestedthatacupunctureatBaihuiandDazhuiprotectedbrainneuronsagainstinjuryinratswithheroinrelapsebypromotingbrain-derivedneurotrophicfactorandglialcellline-derivedneurotrophicfactorexpression.

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简介：Objective:ToinvestigatewhetherGli1expressionisimportantinrelapseafterradicaloperationofbreastcancer.Methods:Usingimmunohistochemistry,Gli1expressionwasanalyzedinhumanprimarybreastcancer(n=284)andparacanceroustissues(n=20),andalsoinlocallymphnodes(n=28)andmetastaticlymphnodes(n=28).Results:InitialanalysisofGli1expressioninasmallcohortof20breasttumorsandtheirparacanceroustissuesshowedatendencytowardsGli1overexpressioninbreastcancertissues(P<0.001).Further,Gli1expressionin284breastcancertissuesampleswasanalyzedandasignificantcorrelationwasfoundbetweenincreasedexpressionofnuclearGli1andunfavorablerecurrence-freesurvival(RFS)(P<0.05).ThenuclearexpressionofGli1inmetastaticlymphnodesfollowingrelapseafterradicaloperationwasmuchhigherthanthatinthelocallymphnodesofprimarycarcinoma(P<0.05).Mostinterestingly,theexpressionofGli1wasmuchhigherintheinterstitialtissuesoftherelapsedgroupthanofthenon-relapsedgroup(P<0.001).Conclusions:BreastcancershowsahighprevalenceofGli1expression,whichissignificantlycorrelatedwithaggressivefeaturesandunfavorableRFS.NuclearGli1overexpression,especiallyintheinterstitialtissues,signifiedearlyrelapseafterradicaloperationofbreastcancer.

简介：AbstractBackground:For patients with B cell acute lymphocytic leukemia (B-ALL) who underwent allogeneic stem cell transplantation (allo-SCT), many variables have been demonstrated to be associated with leukemia relapse. In this study, we attempted to establish a risk score system to predict transplant outcomes more precisely in patients with B-ALL after allo-SCT.Methods:A total of 477 patients with B-ALL who underwent allo-SCT at Peking University People’s Hospital from December 2010 to December 2015 were enrolled in this retrospective study. We aimed to evaluate the factors associated with transplant outcomes after allo-SCT, and establish a risk score to identify patients with different probabilities of relapse. The univariate and multivariate analyses were performed with the Cox proportional hazards model with time-dependent variables.Results:All patients achieved neutrophil engraftment, and 95.4% of patients achieved platelet engraftment. The 5-year cumulative incidence of relapse (CIR), overall survival (OS), leukemia-free survival (LFS), and non-relapse mortality were 20.7%, 70.4%, 65.6%, and 13.9%, respectively. Multivariate analysis showed that patients with positive post-transplantation minimal residual disease (MRD), transplanted beyond the first complete remission (≥CR2), and without chronic graft-versus-host disease (cGVHD) had higher CIR (P < 0.001, P= 0.004, and P < 0.001, respectively) and worse LFS (P < 0.001, P= 0.017, and P < 0.001, respectively), and OS (P < 0.001, P = 0.009, and P < 0.001, respectively) than patients without MRD after transplantation, transplanted in CR1, and with cGVHD. A risk score for predicting relapse was formulated with the three above variables. The 5-year relapse rates were 6.3%, 16.6%, 55.9%, and 81.8% for patients with scores of 0, 1, 2, and 3 (P < 0.001), respectively, while the 5-year LFS and OS values decreased with increasing risk score.Conclusion:This new risk score system might stratify patients with different risks of relapse, which could guide treatment.

简介：Objective:Toanalyzelong-termoutcomeinsixtyleukemiapatientsreceivedallogeneichematopoieticstemcelltransplantation(allo-HSCT)followingbusulfanandcyclophosphamide(BU-CY2)between1994and2000.Methods:BU-CY2wasusedastheconditioningregimenandallo-HSCTwasperformedforallpatients.Allthepatientswerefollowed-upuntilAugust2001ordeath.Theleukemia-freesurvival,relapseandtransplant-relatedmortalitywerediscussed.Results:All60patientshadsustainedengraftment.AcuteGVHDoccurredin22outof60patients(36.7%),andtheincidenceofacuteGVHDwas48%inthepatientswithCML,30%inAMLand26.7%inALL.38patientsarestillaliveincontinuousremissionwithamedianfollow-upof30months(range12-84)and22patientshavedied.ThemaincausesofdeathwereacuteGVHDin3patients,CMV-IPin7patientsandrelapsein11patients,theremainingonediedofpulmonaryinfection.Among11patientswhodiedofrelapse,8patientswithALLrelapsedintheearlystageposttransplant(8/15,53.3%),relapsewasobservedintheremaining3patientswithAML,andhowever,norelapsewasobservedinCML.Theprobabilityofdisease-freesurvivalat3yearsforCML.AMLandALLpatientswas80%,70%and26.7%,respectively.Conclusion:ThisresultssuggeststhatBU-CY2isaneffectiveconditioningregimeninpatientswithAMLandCML,resultinginalowrelapserateandhighlong-termsurvivalrate,butnotaseffectiveinpatientswithALL,withahigherincidenceofrelapseandtherefore,notrecommendedforALLpatients.

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