简介：Theservicelifeofrefractoriesinladlewallsislimitedbycorrosion,abrasion,thermalshockandstructuralspallingmechanisms.Whentheladleislinedwithbrickstheytypicallyneedtobecompletelyremovedafteracertainnumberofheatstobereplacedbynewbricksofthesamesizeastheoriginalbricks.Notsoformonolithicladlelinings.Attheendoftheirservicelifetheremainsofthecastablecanalmostcompletelyberecycledastheycaninfactstayinplace.Onlytheworn-outpartofthelininghastobereplacedbyanewcastable.20%-50%oftheinitialladleliningcanberecycled"insitu".Theinstallationcanefficientlybedonebyshotcretingtechnics.Butitrequiresacastablethatresistsslagpenetrationverywell.Castablesbasedonacalciummagnesiumaluminatebondprovidetherequiredpenetrationresistance.Pumpingandshotcretingisverywelladaptedforrepairsofblastfurnaceshafts,torpedocars,hotmetalandsteelladlelinings[1].However,verylittleispublishedabouthowagoodpumpingandshotcretingperformancecanbeachievedwhentheinstallationhastobedoneunderextremeweatherconditions.Athighambienttemperaturethechallengeistoensureagoodpumpingresultwithoutearlycastablestiffening.Blockageofthepumpwouldbetheconsequence.Atlowambienttemperaturethedifficultyistode-activatethehighlyefficientdeflocculantfastenoughwithagellingagentaddedintothewetmixatthenozzletopreventthegunnedmaterialslippingoffthewall.Thispaperstudiesstrategieshowtoachievegoodinstalledpropertiesevenatextremeambienttemperatures.Theinteractionsbetweendeflocculants,retarders,gellingagents,andcalciummagnesiumaluminatebinderasafunctionoftemperaturearestudiedforanalumina-spinelladlecastable.Besideanewgellingagentforthiscastabletypealsoaspecialstabilizertoreducethetemperaturesensitivityhasbeeninvestigated.Itwillbehighlightedhowtheuseofthenewcalciummagnesiumaluminatebinderinlad

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简介：Theadvancedfabricationofin-situdendrite/metallicglassmatrix（MGM）compositesisreviewed.Herein,thesemisolidprocessingandBridgmansolidificationaretwomethods,whichcanmakethedendriteshomogeneouslydispersedwithinthemetallicglassmatrix.Uponquasi-staticcompressiveloadingatroomtemperature,almostallthein-situcompositesexhibitimprovedplasticity,duetotheeffectiveblocktothefastpropagationofshearbands.Uponquasi-statictensileloadingatroomtemperature,althoughthecompositespossesstensileductility,theinhomogeneousdeformationandassociatedsofteningdominates.Highvolume-fractioneddendritesandnetworkstructuresmakein-situcompositesdistinguishinglyplasticupondynamiccompression.In-situcompositeexhibitshightensilestrengthandsoftening（necking）inthesupercooledliquidregion,sincethepresenceofhighvolume-fractioneddendriteslowerstherheologyoftheviscousglassmatrixathightemperatures.Atcryogenictemperatures,adistinguishingly-increasedmaximumstrengthisavailable;however,aductile-to-brittletransitionseemstobepresentbyloweringthetemperature.Besides,improvedtension—tensionfatiguelimitof473MPaandfour-point-bendingfatiguelimitof567MPaaregainedforZr58.5Ti14.3Nb5.2Cu6.1Ni4.9Be11.0MGMcomposites.Highvolume-fractiondendriteswithintheglassmatrixinduceincreasedeffectivenessonthebluntingandpropagatingresistanceofthefatigue-cracktip.Thefracturetoughnessofin-situcompositesiscomparabletothoseofthetougheststeelsandcrystallineTialloys.Duringsteady-statecrack-growth,theconfinementofdamagebyin-situdendritesresultsinenhancementofthetoughness.

简介：Liquefactiontestingatasaturatedloesssitewasperformedunderthesimulatedearthquakegroundmotioninducedbyartificialexplosionswithmicro-timeintervals.Thetimehistoriesofgroundacceleration,porewaterpressureandtheultimatevalueofresidualstrainwererecordedandmeasured.ThemodifiedFEQdraincomputationsoftwarewasusedtoanalyzetheliquefaction.Boththetestandtheanalysisconfumtheobjectiveoccurrenceofloessliquefaction.Furthermore,thereliabilityofthemethodoftheloessliquefactionanalysisbasedonFEQdrainandthemodelofporewaterpressuredevelopmentofsaturatedloessareexamined.

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简介：Thekineticstudyofin-situcopolymerizationofanilinewitho-andp-methylanilinebyammoniumpersulfate(APS)hasbeencardedout.UV-visspectroscopicmethodwasusedtoinvestigatethecourseofcopolymerization.StructuralcharacterizationwasstudiedbyFT-IRspectralanalysis.Theelectronicspectraofthecopolymerspoly(aniline-co-p-toluidine)andpoly(aniline-co-o-toluidine)showblueshift.Theshifthasbeenobservedinthebandscorrespondingtoπ→π~*transitionaswellasintheexcitontransition.Theincreaseinabsorbancerecordedduringthereactionfordifferentconcentrationofaniline,o-andp-toluidineatvariousintervalsoftimeofpolymerizationreactionindicatesagrowthinthepolymerformation.Theresultingfirst-orderrateconstantwasusedtocalculatetherateofcopolymerformationusingtherateequation-d[A]/dt=kc~n.

简介：Thepaperdiscussesthedifferenceintheformulationconceptsofalumina-spinel(spinelcontaining)andalumina-magnesia(spinelforming)castablesandtheinfluenceontheirphysicalproperties.Theindividualpropertyprofileisdiscussedwithrespecttotherequirementsofrefractoryliningmaterialsforthedifferentzonesofasteelladle.

简介：Thereisawidespreadinterestinleadtelluride(PbTe)asagoodthermoelectricmaterial.WereportthetemperaturedependenceofthermopowerS(T)andresistanceR(T)forPbTeatthedifferentpressuresoffrom1.8GPato5GPaobtainedbyusingthecubicanvilhighpressureapparatus.Withincreasingpressure,R(T)andS(T)decrease.TheeffectofpressureonR(T)islargerthanthatonS(T).Thepowerfactorthatisdeterminedbythermopowerandresistivityincreaseswithincreasingpressure.Thismethodisanefficienttoolforsynthesizinggoodthermoelectricmaterialsathighpressureandhightemperature.

简介：Fieldemissionoccurredinsuperconductingradio-frequency(SRF)cavitiesisthemajorobstacleoftheacceleratorsoperatingathighgradient,whichpartlycausedbytheinnersurfacecontamination,suchasthehydrocarbonsandtheabsorbedresidualgas.Theplasmaprocessingcanbeaneffectivemethodtosolvethefieldemissionissues.Thepropertiesoflowtemperatureglowdischarge,whichwasargonplasmawiththechemicallyreactiveoxygen,wereinvestigatedfortheSRFcavitiesusedforCADSproject.

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简介：LowfieldNMRtechniquewasappliedtoinvestigatethehydrationofcementpasteswithdifferentwatertocementratiosoradditionofsuperplasticizer.Asanondestructivemethod,thistechniquecanbeusedtomonitorthehydrationkineticsprocessbyfollowingthechangesoflongitudinalrelaxationtime(T1)ofwaterconstrainedinthepastes.TheexperimentalresultsindicatethattheT1distributionsofwaterinthefreshpastenormallyexhibitebimodaldistribution,wherethelargepeakiscorrespondingtothefreewaterwhilethesmalloneiscontributedbythewaterstoredintheflocculations.TimedependenceoftheweightedaverageT1hasagoodagreementwiththehydrationprocessandcouldbedividedintofourstages,ie,initialperiod,dormantperiod,acceleratedperiodandsteadyperiod.Thehydrationmechanismofeachstagewasdescribedbasedonthetheoryofcementchemistry.Inaddition,thetotalsignalintensity,whichisproportionaltothecontentofthephysicallyboundwaterinthesamples,decreasesuccessivelyduringthehydrationreflectingtheconsumptionofphysicallyboundwaterbyhydrationreactions.

简介：Liquidcompositemoulding(LCM)processesareusedtomanufacturehighqualityandcomplex-shapedcompositepartsintheautomotive,marine,aerospaceandcivilindustries.On-linesensingplaysanimportantroleincontrollingthequalityofthefinalproductintheLCMmanufacturingenvironment.Thelong-periodfibergrating(LPG)technology,anewreal-timefiberopticsensorsystem,wasdevelopedtomonitortheflowfrontprogression.Thesensoroperationandcharacterizationundervariousprocessconditionswerediscussedindetail.TheexperimentalresultsshowedthatLPGsensorswererobustandreliabletodetectthearrivalofresinatpre-selectedlocationsinstructureswithlow-mediumfibervolumefraction;howeverwerelimitedatdifferentdepthsinstructureswithhighfibervolumefraction.

简介：Animprovedthree-dimensional(3-D)experimentalvisualizationmethodologyispresentedforevaluatingthefracturemechanismsofferriticstainlesssteelsbyin-situtensiletestingwithanenvironmentalscanningelectronmicroscope(ESEM).Thesamplesweremachinedwitharadialnotchedshapeandaslopedsurface.Bothplanarsurfacedeformationandslopingsurfacedeformation-inducedmicrovoidswereobservedduringdynamictensionexperiments,whereagreateramountofinformationcouldbeobtainedfromtheslopingsurface.Theresultsshowedthatmicrovoidsformedatthegrainboundariesofhighlyelongatedlargegrains.Themicrovoidsnucleatedintheseverelydeformedregionsgrewnearlyparalleltothetensileaxis,predominantlyalongthegrainboundaries.Themicrovoidsnucleatedattheinterfaceofparticlesandthematrixdidnotpropagateduetothehighplasticityofthematrix.Thelargemicrovoidspropagatedandshowedazigzagshapealongthegrainboundanes,seeminglyaconsequenceofthefractureoftheslipbandscausedbydislocationpile-ups.Thefinalfailuretookplaceduetothereductionoftheload-bearingarea

简介：因为他们联合了木头和无机的混合物的优点，混合木头材料吸引了可观的注意。这个工作调查了微结构形态学，热稳定性，紫外(紫外)用wood/ZnO混血儿材料做通过的composites的稳定性，和抗菌剂性质一灵巧在原处化学合成方法。X光检查衍射(XRD)和thermogravimetric分析(TGA)结果显示综合ZnO粒子有大约10.8nm的一种平均谷物尺寸。扫描电子显微镜学(SEM)观察证明与nanosheets自我装配的ZnOnanoflowers在木头房间腔被介绍并且与增加Zn2+集中增加了。ZnOnanoparticles也在木头房间墙中被产生，它被精力散的光谱学(版本)的结果证实。TGA测试也显示wood/ZnO混血儿材料的热稳定性在ZnO无机的粒子的形成以后被改进。最后，抗菌剂功效测试的结果和紫外抵抗测试表明ZnOnanoparticles对Escherichiacoli作为抗菌剂代理人显示出有希望的未来(E。coli)并且为木头保护的紫外抵抗代理人。

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简介：在恢复地球严肃模特儿(EGM)由创造的标准方程的特征最少平方(LS)从在原处扰乱的潜力的调整详细被讨论。标准方程仅仅看情况，这能被结束先验的重力模型的在轨道，和选择没在LS答案上有效果。因此，恢复严肃模型的精确性能精确地被模仿。从这个点开始，与噪音的不同水平沿着轨道扰乱潜力的四个集合被模仿并且被用来恢复EGM。结果证明在加速表刻度的当前的精确性水平上，EGM的精确性不是足够的反映地球的重力场的时间可变性，作为揭示的动态方法。

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简介：Laser-inducedbreakdownspectroscopy(LIBS)hasattractedextensiveattentionasanewtechniqueforin-situmarineapplication.Inthiswork,theinfluenceofdeep-seahighpressureenvironmentonLIBSsignalswasinvestigatedbyusingacompactLIBS-seasystemdevelopedbyOceanUniversityofChinaforthein-situchemicalanalysisofseawater.TheresultsfromthefieldmeasurementsshowthattheliquidpressurehasasignificanteffectontheLIBSsignals.Higherpeakintensityandlargerlinebroadeningwereobtainedasthepressureincreases.BycomparingthevariationsofthetemperatureandsalinitywiththeLIBSsignals,aweakcorrelationbetweenthemcanbeobserved.Underhighpressureconditions,theoptimallaserenergywashigherthanthatinairenvironment.Whenthelaserenergyexceeded17mJ,theeffectoflaserenergyonthesignalintensityweakened.Thesignalintensitydecreasesgraduallyatlargerdelays.TheobtainedresultsverifiedthefeasibilityoftheLIBStechniqueforthedeep-seain-situdetection,andwehopethistechnologycancontributetosurveyingmoredeep-seaenvironmentssuchasthehydrothermalventregions.