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简介：摘要目的探讨Hybrid手术(颈椎人工椎间盘联合零切迹融合器)治疗多节段脊髓型颈椎病(MCSM)的临床疗效。方法回顾性分析2017年3月至2019年10月山西医科大学第一医院神经外科采用显微镜下Hybrid手术治疗的16例MCSM患者的临床资料，观察术后并发症，术后6和12个月进行临床和影像学随访。采用视觉模拟疼痛评分(VAS)、日本骨科协会(JOA)颈椎评分、Oswestry功能障碍指数(ODI)、改良MacNab临床疗效评价标准评估手术疗效。行影像学检查评估患者的颈椎人工椎间盘节段的椎间隙高度、活动度以及Cobb角；检查颈椎人工椎间盘的位置及零切迹融合器有无松动、滑脱、移位等；采用Bridwell标准判断零切迹融合器的融合情况；采用Kellgren分级标准判断颈椎人工椎间盘邻近节段的退变情况。结果16例患者共应用32个零切迹融合器和16个人工椎间盘。术后复查X线片均显示颈椎人工椎间盘及零切迹融合器位置良好。术后出现吞咽困难3例，声音嘶哑2例。16例患者均完成随访。随着时间延长，16例患者的VAS和ODI均呈下降趋势，JOA评分呈上升趋势，颈椎Cobb角的角度呈增加趋势(均P<0.01)；而手术前、后颈椎人工椎间盘节段的椎间隙高度和活动度的差异均无统计学意义(均P>0.05)。12个月随访时，改良MacNab评价结果为优9例，良4例，可3例，优良比例为13 ∶16；无一例出现颈椎人工椎间盘或融合器松动、滑脱、移位等情况；32个应用零切迹融合器的手术节段中，Bridwell分级Ⅰ级融合25个节段，Ⅱ级融合7个节段；颈椎人工椎间盘邻近节段Kellgren分级Ⅰ级退变1例，Ⅱ级退变2例；16例患者均未见明显的异位骨化。结论Hybrid手术治疗MCSM的临床疗效较好，可部分保留颈椎活动度，减少邻近椎体退变的发生，同时取得良好的减压和稳定效果。

简介：摘要目的探讨Hybrid手术(颈椎人工椎间盘联合零切迹融合器)治疗多节段脊髓型颈椎病(MCSM)的临床疗效。方法回顾性分析2017年3月至2019年10月山西医科大学第一医院神经外科采用显微镜下Hybrid手术治疗的16例MCSM患者的临床资料，观察术后并发症，术后6和12个月进行临床和影像学随访。采用视觉模拟疼痛评分(VAS)、日本骨科协会(JOA)颈椎评分、Oswestry功能障碍指数(ODI)、改良MacNab临床疗效评价标准评估手术疗效。行影像学检查评估患者的颈椎人工椎间盘节段的椎间隙高度、活动度以及Cobb角；检查颈椎人工椎间盘的位置及零切迹融合器有无松动、滑脱、移位等；采用Bridwell标准判断零切迹融合器的融合情况；采用Kellgren分级标准判断颈椎人工椎间盘邻近节段的退变情况。结果16例患者共应用32个零切迹融合器和16个人工椎间盘。术后复查X线片均显示颈椎人工椎间盘及零切迹融合器位置良好。术后出现吞咽困难3例，声音嘶哑2例。16例患者均完成随访。随着时间延长，16例患者的VAS和ODI均呈下降趋势，JOA评分呈上升趋势，颈椎Cobb角的角度呈增加趋势(均P<0.01)；而手术前、后颈椎人工椎间盘节段的椎间隙高度和活动度的差异均无统计学意义(均P>0.05)。12个月随访时，改良MacNab评价结果为优9例，良4例，可3例，优良比例为13 ∶16；无一例出现颈椎人工椎间盘或融合器松动、滑脱、移位等情况；32个应用零切迹融合器的手术节段中，Bridwell分级Ⅰ级融合25个节段，Ⅱ级融合7个节段；颈椎人工椎间盘邻近节段Kellgren分级Ⅰ级退变1例，Ⅱ级退变2例；16例患者均未见明显的异位骨化。结论Hybrid手术治疗MCSM的临床疗效较好，可部分保留颈椎活动度，减少邻近椎体退变的发生，同时取得良好的减压和稳定效果。

简介：AbstractBackground:We sought to explore an optimal clinical nursing mode following a hybrid surgery for cerebral arteriovenous malformation.Methods:Patients with complex cerebral arteriovenous malformations seen in our neurosurgery department from January 2016 to December 2017 were prospectively enrolled. The hybrid surgery protocol included "angiographic diagnosis, surgical resection, and intraoperative angiographic evaluation" and "angiographic diagnosis and embolization, surgical resection, and intraoperative angiographic evaluation" . The patients were randomly stratified into intensive care group and routine care group. After surgery, intensive or routine care was provided, and the prognosis of patients was evaluated, with a subsequent comparative analysis.Results:A total of 109 cases were divided into the routine nursing group (n = 54 cases) and intensive nursing group (n = 55 cases). There were no significant differences between the two groups in baseline data before surgery. Postoperative lung infection in the intensive nursing group was significantly less frequent than those in the routine nursing group (5.5% vs. 18.5%, P=0.039) with pulmonary infection and lower extremity venous thrombosis (5.5% vs. 24.1%, P=0.006). The average hospital stay in the intensive nursing group was 14.4 ± 5.78 days, which was significantly lower than that in the routine nursing group (19.3 ± 6.38 days, P=0.013). At 3 months’ follow-up after surgery, the Generic Quality of Life Inventory-74 (GQOLI-74) dimension score and GQOLI-74 total score in the enhanced group were significantly better than those in the routine nursing group (P=0.017 and 0.023, respectively).Conclusions:Intensive postoperative nursing can improve the safety of patients after hybrid surgery, reduce the postoperative complications and the average length of hospital stay, and improve the quality of life of patients.

简介：AbstractWith the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic showing no signs of abating, resuming neglected tropical disease (NTD) activities, particularly mass drug administration (MDA), is vital. Failure to resume activities will not only enhance the risk of NTD transmission, but will fail to leverage behaviour change messaging on the importance of hand and face washing and improved sanitation—a common strategy for several NTDs that also reduces the risk of COVID-19 spread. This so-called "hybrid approach" will demonstrate best practices for mitigating the spread of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) by incorporating physical distancing, use of masks, and frequent hand-washing in the delivery of medicines to endemic communities and support action against the transmission of the virus through water, sanitation and hygiene interventions promoted by NTD programmes. Unless MDA and morbidity management activities resume, achievement of NTD targets as projected in the WHO/NTD Roadmap (2021-2030) will be deferred, the aspirational goal of NTD programmes to enhance universal health coverage jeopardised and the call to 'leave no one behind’a hollow one. We outline what implementing this hybrid approach, which aims to strengthen health systems, and facilitate integration and cross-sector collaboration, can achieve based on work undertaken in several African countries.

简介：摘要目的探讨Hybrid Ⅱ型主动脉弓修复术治疗Stanford A型主动脉夹层的有效性和安全性。方法回顾性分析2016年12月至2019年5月河南省人民医院血管外科应用Hybrid Ⅱ型主动脉弓修复技术治疗26例Stanford A型主动脉夹层患者的临床资料，其中男性18例，女性8例，年龄（53±4.5）岁。对围术期及随访结果进行分析。结果技术成功率为100%，升主动脉置换8例，Bentall术10例，主动脉窦部成形加升主动脉置换8例。26例患者植入主动脉覆膜支架48枚，2例远端真腔打开不良植入三枚支架；1例覆膜支架释放时移位，术中人工血管片环缩包裹加固后无并发症发生，本组无内漏发生，远端支架膨胀良好。2例（7.69%）术后死亡，其中1例肺部感染导致多脏器功能衰竭死亡，1例大面积脑梗死后循环难以维持而死亡。术后一过性术后烦躁5例（19.23%，5/26），肌力下降2例（7.69%，2/26），声音嘶哑8例（30.77%，8/26）；肝功能不全2例（7.69%，2/26），肾功能不全2例（7.69%，2/26），经积极治疗均康复出院。随访3~32个月，19例（79.17%）获得随访，5例因死亡失访，失访与手术及主动脉相关并发症无关，随访期全因死亡率为20.8%（5/24）。19例存活患者随访结果满意。结论Hybrid Ⅱ型主动脉弓修复技术在 Stanford A型主动脉夹层治疗中取得良好的治疗效果，避免深低温停循环、脏器灌注不良的高危因素，缩短了手术及体外循环时间，安全有效。