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  • 简介:AbstractJoint arthroplasty is an effective method for treating end-stage joint lesions and damages. Robotic arm-assisted arthroplasty, a rapidly developing technology that combines navigation technology, minimally invasive technology, and precise control technology of the robotic arm, can achieve accurate preoperative planning, optimal selection of implants, minimally invasive surgery, precise osteotomy, and accurate placement of the artificial joint. It has the characteristics of high accuracy and stability, and thus is more and more widely used in the field of joint surgery. In this paper, we systematically reviewed the application and clinical efficacy of robotic arm-assisted technology in hip and knee arthroplasty to provide reference for its future promotion.

  • 标签: Robotic arm Arthroplasty Hip Knee Clinical efficacy
  • 简介:摘要回顾性分析2012年1月至2021年6月期间本中心9例胆囊癌肉瘤患者的临床病理资料。9例患者中8例行根治性手术治疗,5例术后行辅助化疗;1例行腹腔肿瘤活检+化疗+靶向治疗。患者中位生存时间为8个月,最长生存时间为29个月,其中术后行GEMOX方案化疗患者较其他方案化疗患者生存时间长,靶向治疗患者生存时间长达20个月。笔者认为手术切除是治疗胆囊癌肉瘤的最佳手段,术后合理的化疗方案有助于延长患者生存时间,靶向治疗在胆囊癌肉瘤中的疗效有待进一步研究。

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  • 简介:摘要目的探讨妊娠期子宫嵌顿(IGU)的病因、临床特点、诊断方法及临床治疗方案。方法收集2015年1月至2020年12月郑州大学第三附属医院收治的9例IGU患者的临床资料,回顾性分析其临床特征、影像学检查、治疗及母儿结局。结果(1)临床特征:9例IGU患者中,6例既往有盆腹腔手术史;4例发病于妊娠早期(11~13周+6),5例发病于妊娠中期(14~22周);首诊症状为排尿困难8例,不规则下腹痛1例;合并阴道少量流血1例、阴道肿胀1例;(2)影像学检查:9例均行超声检查,其中1例因合并中央型前置胎盘行盆腔磁共振成像检查;(3)治疗:7例行超声引导下手法复位,其中1例为胸膝卧位10 d失败后改手法复位,1例为手法复位1周后复发再次行手法复位+阴道放置子宫托治疗;另有1例行开腹子宫复位+子宫悬吊术,1例导尿及胸膝卧位后自行缓解;(4)母儿结局:1例合并中央型前置胎盘者于孕31周行剖宫产术,母儿结局良好;另8例均妊娠至足月,其中5例自然分娩,3例行子宫下段剖宫产术,母儿结局均良好。结论IGU是一种较罕见的产科急症,早期准确识别并及时处理极其重要,该病无特异性临床症状,需结合孕周选择合适的治疗方式。

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  • 简介:AbstractAvian influenza remains a threat to human wellbeing. Hypochlorite derivatives are commonly used as disinfectants to prevent the spread of the disease. The World Health Organization (WHO) has listed chlorine dioxide (ClO2) as an A1-level, safe, and efficient disinfectant. In this study, we tested the efficacy of ClO2, in aqueous solution and gas forms, against avian influenza A (H7N9) virus. The virus suspension was mixed with ClO2 aqueous solutions of various concentrations and for various time intervals. Aliquots of the mixture were then serially diluted, and the 50% tissue culture infective dose (TCID50) was measured with a hemagglutination test on MDCK cells. ClO2 gas produced from generators was introduced in a chamber containing the virus suspension in a Petri dish. The infective activity of the surviving virus was measured by the hemagglutination test. An aqueous solution of ClO2 at 126 µg/mL for 15 s was effective given that no surviving virus was detected with the hemagglutination test. ClO2 gas at >5 µL/L sustained for 1 h inactivated the virus effectively, while at 2.5 µL/L for 1 h, it only partially inactivated the virus. ClO2 as gas or aqueous solution at a certain concentration is effective in inactivating the H7N9 virus, and can be applied for the decontamination and disinfection of environments.

  • 标签: Chlorine dioxide Influenza virus A H7N9 Disinfection Aqueous solution Gas ClO2
  • 简介:摘要目的分析慢性嗜酸粒细胞性肺炎(CEP)的临床特征、治疗转归等要点,提高临床诊治能力。方法回顾性收集山东省千佛山医院2014年1月至2020年12月诊断为CEP的9例患者的临床资料,并进行随访。结果9例患者中男1例,女8例,年龄16~71岁,中位年龄47岁。5例合并支气管哮喘,1例合并过敏性鼻炎,1例有花粉过敏史。主要临床表现为咳嗽(9/9)、咳痰(9/9),胸闷(9/9)、憋喘(9/9),少数伴乏力(3/9)、发热(1/9)、胸痛(1/9)。影像学上可见单发或多发的斑片状高密度影(9/9),纵隔淋巴结肿大(7/9),支气管充气征(2/9)和网格状改变(1/9)等。9例患者外周血嗜酸粒细胞(EOS)、血清总IgE均不同程度升高。5例行支气管镜检查的患者肺泡灌洗液中EOS百分比均升高,其余4例经皮肺活检的患者组织病理均提示肺泡腔或间质中EOS浸润。经糖皮质激素治疗0.5~1个月后复查,9例患者的临床症状明显缓解,肺部病灶均见吸收,随访中4例复发。结论对于有过敏史,血EOS计数、总IgE升高并伴肺部多发高密度影或实变的患者,尤其是女性患者,临床医生应警惕其可能为CEP。支气管镜和经皮肺穿刺活检有助于明确诊断。糖皮质激素治疗效果佳,但复发率高。

  • 标签: 肺嗜酸粒细胞增多 临床特征 诊断 治疗
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  • 简介:摘要:目的:探讨分析由于肺脂肪栓塞引起猝死的法医尸检及病理组织学特点。方法:选取我院2010年1月至2021年10月期间因肺脂肪栓塞猝死的9例患者为研究对象,所有对象均进行系统的法医尸检、组织病理诊断;研究肺脂肪栓塞患者的病理资料、尸检结果、病理学特点,判断其与患者猝死关系。结果:9例肺脂肪栓塞死亡患者中,来源于长骨、骨盆骨折或手术5例,来源于腰椎骨折或手术2例,来源于肝脏破裂1例,来源于脂肪抽吸术1例。其肺组织病理组织学肺动脉血管可见脂滴、骨髓成份。结论:肺脂肪栓塞具有典型的组织病理学特征。患者若出现肺脂肪栓塞临床症状,应早期诊断、治疗。

  • 标签: 肺脂肪.栓塞 尸检 猝死
  • 简介:AbstractObjective:It remains unclear whether adjuvant chemoradiotherapy (CRT) improves survival outcome of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) patients after surgery. This study aimed to investigate the efficacy and safety of tegafur/gimeracil/oteracil (S-1)-based adjuvant concurrent chemoradiotherapy in resected PDAC patients with defined high-risk pathological features.Methods:We conducted a single-arm, prospective, and interventional study at Zhongshan Hospital Fudan University from December 2012 to December 2019 and the last follow-up was conducted in December 2021. This study was approved by the Ethics Committee of Zhongshan Hospital Fudan University on December 27, 2012 (approval No. B2012-139). Resected PDAC patients with high-risk pathological features, including positive resection margin, pathological T3-4N1-2M0 disease, peripancreatic fat invasion, microvascular invasion, and perineural invasion, were recruited. Primary endpoint was overall survival and secondary endpoints were disease-free survival, treatment toxicity, and 2-, 5-year survival rates.Results:A total of 54 patients were recruited. Mean age was 63.6 years old (±7.2). The distribution of T and N stages were 24.1% for T1, 46.3% for T2, 27.8% for T3, 1.9% for T4, 33.3% for N1, and 11.1% for N2. Seven patients had R1 resection. The median overall survival and disease-free survival were 27.1 and 13.7 months, respectively, while no fatal adverse events were recorded. Subgroup analyses showed differences in survival outcomes among patients with microvascular invasion, different N stages, and preoperative CA 19-9 levels. Further, a Cox proportional hazard model demonstrated associations of lymph node metastases, CA 19-9 level, and microvascular invasion with overall survival and disease-free survival.Conclusion:S-1 -based adjuvant CRT showed promising efficacy and manageable toxicity in resected PDAC patients with highrisk pathological features.

  • 标签: Adjuvant chemoradiotherapy Pancreatic cancer Pathology S-1 Surgery
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  • 简介:摘要目的探讨前蛋白转化酶枯草溶菌素9(PCSK9)及血脂指标对脓毒症患者预后的预测价值。方法选择2021年1月至10月滨州医学院附属医院重症医学科收治的年龄≥18岁且符合脓毒症3.0诊断标准的脓毒症及脓毒性休克患者作为研究对象;以同期健康体检者作为健康对照组。记录患者的基本信息及急性生理学与慢性健康状况评分Ⅱ(APACHEⅡ)和序贯器官衰竭评分(SOFA);于确诊1、3、5 d取静脉血,采用酶联免疫吸附试验(ELISA)测定血清PCSK9水平,同时检测高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL-C)、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-C)、总胆固醇(TC)、三酰甘油(TG)、脂蛋白a水平。比较脓毒症组与健康对照组各指标的差异;同时比较脓毒症组中不同病情严重程度及不同28 d预后患者各指标的差异。绘制受试者工作特征曲线(ROC曲线),评估PCSK9、血脂指标对脓毒症患者28 d预后的预测价值,用多因素Logistic回归分析影响预后的因素,并绘制28 d Kaplan-Meier生存曲线。结果脓毒症组共50例(其中脓毒症19例、脓毒性休克31例),健康对照组27例;脓毒症组中28 d死亡19例,存活31例。脓毒症组血清PCSK9较健康对照组明显升高〔μg/L:223.09(198.47,250.82)比188.00(165.27,214.90),P<0.01〕,HDL-C、LDL-C、TC、脂蛋白a较健康对照组明显降低〔HDL-C(mmol/L):0.82±0.35比1.45±0.24,LDL-C(mmol/L):1.53(1.14,2.47)比2.89(2.55,3.19),TC(mmol/L):2.03(1.39,2.84)比4.24(3.90,4.71),脂蛋白a(g/L):8.80(5.66,17.56)比27.03(14.79,27.03),均P<0.01〕;脓毒症死亡组PCSK9较存活组明显升高〔μg/L:249.58(214.90,315.77)比207.01(181.50,244.95),P<0.01〕,HDL-C、LDL-C、TC较存活组明显降低〔HDL-C(mmol/L):0.64±0.35比0.93±0.30,LDL-C(mmol/L):1.32±0.64比2.08±0.94,TC(mmol/L):1.39(1.01,2.23)比2.69(1.72,3.81),均P<0.01〕。随疾病进展,脓毒症死亡组与存活组PCSK9均较确诊1 d时明显下降(均P<0.05)。ROC曲线分析显示,PCSK9对患者28 d死亡的预测价值高于HDL-C、LDL-C和TC〔ROC曲线下面积(AUC)和95%可信区间(95%CI):0.748(0.611~0.885)比0.710(0.552~0.868)、0.721(0.575~0.867)、0.702(0.550~0.854)〕。多因素Logistic回归分析显示,PCSK9是影响脓毒症患者28 d预后的独立危险因素(β值为1.014,P=0.020)。Kaplan-Meier生存曲线分析显示,当PCSK9≥208.97 μg/L时,随着PCSK9升高,脓毒症患者28 d生存率明显下降。结论PCSK9、HDL-C、LDL-C、TC均可预测脓毒症患者28 d预后,PCSK9预测预后价值高于HDL-C、LDL-C和TC;PCSK9是影响脓毒症患者预后独立危险因素,在疾病早期,PCSK9可能对脓毒症预后有较好预测价值,当PCSK9≥208.97 μg/L时,28 d生存率明显下降。

  • 标签: 脓毒症 脓毒性休克 血脂 前蛋白转化酶枯草溶菌素9 28 d预后
  • 简介:摘要Christianson综合征是一种由SLC9A6基因突变的罕见的X连锁疾病。临床表现为男性发育迟缓、语言障碍、癫痫发作、智力障碍、共济失调、小头畸形等。现报道2例男性Christianson综合征患儿:先证者1岁11个月,临床表现为小头畸形、全面发育迟缓及癫痫发作,脑电图提示中央中线区棘慢波发放,全外显子测序检测到SLC9A6基因chrX:135084373处出现突变[c.803+1(IVS6)G>A];先证者之兄4岁8个月,临床表现类似,脑电图提示双侧Rolandic区棘波、棘慢波、多棘慢波发放,磁共振成像提示存在脑萎缩,基因验证结果与先证者一致。SLC9A6基因c.803+1(IVS6)G>A剪切突变为该家系致病突变。

  • 标签: 遗传性疾病,X连锁 癫痫 智力 突变 Christianson综合征 SLC9A6基因