简介：Inthepresentpaper,theauthorputsforwardsixkeypointsforacupuncturetreatmentofdiseases,namely,①carefulexamination,②definitediagnosis,③preciseandappropriateidentificationofsyndromes,④accuratelocationoftheacupoint,⑤flexibleapplicationofneedlingmanipulations,and⑥“Deqi”.Thefirstthreeaspactsarethefoundation,accuratelocationandflexibleneedlingmanipulationsarealsotheprerequisiteforeffectivetreatmentofdiseases.Inaddition,soundtheoreticalbasicknowledgeofbothtraditionalChinesemedicine(TOM)andmodemmedicine,andflexiblyapplyingsuitableneedlingmaneuvers,stimulatingquantityanddurationofneedleretaininginaccordancewiththeconcretestateofdiseaseandthepatient'sconditionsarealsoveryimportantinclinicalpracticeofacupuncture.

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简介：ⅠStomachacheStomachacheisacommonsymptomseeninacuteandchronicgastritis,pepticulcer,andgastricneurosis,etc..Thepainappearssuddenlyorslowly,anditsometimesreferstothehypochondriumortheback.Insomecas-es,theremaybenausea,vomiting,poorap-petite,acidregurgitationorevenhematemesisandtarrystool.IntheviewpointoftraditionalChinesemedicine,stomachacheismainlycausedbyinvasionofcold,irregularfoodin-takeandemotionalfactors.

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简介：AbstractSialendoscopy is a minimally invasive technique that facilitates the diagnosis and treatment of sialolithiasis. This case series presents the novel use of sialendoscopy to treat sialodocholithiasis in six patients with a non-functional or surgically absent submandibular gland by a single surgeon at the University of Pennsylvania Health System between March 2013 and December 2019. The four female and two male patients had a median age of 56 years and mean follow-up of 16.2 months (range 1-44.5). All stones were successfully removed using sialendoscopy, and in 5 patients a combined approach was utilized. All patients remain asymptomatic at last clinical follow-up. We conclude that sialendoscopy is a viable, minimally invasive method for managing sialodocholithiasis in patients with prior submandibular gland excision or atretic gland. It is also useful as an assistive tool when approaching complex transcervical or transoral procedures in previously instrumented patients.

简介：ObjectivesToanalyzethesix-minutewalktest(6MWT)andgasexchangeof5hearttransplantationpatientsandtoapproachthevariationtendencyofexercisetolerance,oxygenuptake(VO2)andheartratechronotropicresponse.Methods5casesofhearttransplantationpatients(age25～52years)wereundertaken6MWT6～30monthsafteroperation,synchronizinggasexchangingparametersweremeasuredbywirelessportableremotesensingK4B2gasanalyzer,51normalcontrolswerecompared.ResultsThesix-minutewalkdistance(6MWD)of5patientswere(592.6±26.7)m(558～625)m,theascendingtendencyduringexercisewasslower,themaximumheartrateswere80%±6%ofage-predictingmaximalheartrate,lowerthannormalcontrol(86%);theendpointVO2/kgwere(21.8±1.4)mL/min·kg(19.94～23.60)mL/min·kg.ConclusionsThe6WMDandVO2of5patientsreachednormalrange,buttheheartratechronotropicresponseandVO2ascendingtendencywereslowerthanthoseofnormalcontrols.

简介：Lumbagoisacommonlyencountereddisorderinclinic,characterizedbypaininthelumbarregionandpossibleinvolvementofeitherthespine,oronesideorbothsidesofthelumbarregion.

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简介：ObjectivesToassesstherelationshipbetweenpeakoxygenconsumption(PVO2)andtheambulationdistanceinsix-minutewalktest(6MWT)amongthehealthysubjects.MethodsThe51healthysubjectswererecruitedforthesix-minutewalktest.Dataofpulmonarygasexchangebreathbybreath,suchasVO2,VCO2werereal-timemeasuredwithwirelessremotesensingK4B2,sotostudytherelationshipbetweenpeakoxygenuptakeandtheambulationdistance.ResultsItwasnoticedthattherewasapositivelinearcorrelationbetweentheambulationdistanceandPVO2(r=0.619,P<0.001)insix-minutewalktest.Theregressionequationwassetup(VO2/kg=0.05D-6.331,P<0.001).PVO2>PVCO2,R<1werefound,whichsuggestedthat6MWTwasatestbelowanaerobicthreshold.ConclusionsTherewasacloselypositivelinearcorrelationbetweentheambulationdistanceandPVO2,whichissafety,convenientandvaluablefortheevaluationofcardiopulmonaryfunctionandthetreatmentofcardiopulmonaryrehabilitation.

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简介：TheGallBladderMeridianofFoot-Shaoyang1.TheMeridian【Course】Themeridianstartsfromtheoutercanthusandgoestowardsthetemplere-gion.Travellingthroughtheretroauricularre-gion,itreachestheshoulderandentersthesupraclavicularfossa.Abranch,separatingfromtheretroauric-ularregion,enterstheearandcomesoutinfrontoftheeartoreachtheoutercanthus.Anotherbranchgoesdownwardfromtheoutercanthustomeettheotherpartofthemeridianatthesupraclavicularfossa.Thestraightportionofthemeridiande-scendsfromthesupraclavicularfossathroughthehypochondriumandreachesthehipjoint.Theinnerportionofthemeridianpassesthroughthediaphramtoconnectwiththeliverandenterthegallbladder,itspertainingor-gan.Furtherdownwarditemergesfromthe

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简介：Thequestforneuroprotectivedrugstoslowtheprogressionofneurodegenerativediseases(NDDs),includingAlzheimer'sdisease(AD),Parkinson'sdisease(PD),andHuntington'sdisease(HD),hasbeenlargelyunrewarding.Preclinicalevidencesuggeststhatrepurposingquetiapine,lithium,valproate,fluoxetine,donepezil,andmemantineforearlyandpre-symptomaticdisease-modificationinNDDsmaybepromisingandcanspareregulatorybarriers.Theliteratureofthesepsychotropicsinearlystageandpre-symptomaticAD,PD,andHDisreviewedandpropitiousfindingsfollow.Mildcognitiveimpairment(MCI)phaseofAD:salutaryhumanrandomizedcontrolledtrialfindingsforlow-doselithiumand,inselectedpatients,donepezilawaitreplication.Pre-symptomaticAD:humanepidemiologicaldataindicatethatlithiumreducesADrisk.Animalmodelstudies(AMS)revealencouragingresultsforquetiapine,lithium,donepezil,andmemantine.EarlyPD:valproateAMSfindingsshowpromise.Pre-symptomaticPD:lithiumandvalproateAMSfindingsareencouraging.EarlyHD:uncontrolledclinicaldataindicatenon-progressionwithlithium,fluoxetine,donepezil,andmemantine.Pre-symptomaticHD:lithiumandvalproateareauspiciousinAMS.Manyotherpromisingfindingsawaitingreplication(valproateinMCI;lithium,valproate,fluoxetineinpre-symptomaticAD;lithiuminearlyPD;lithium,valproate,fluoxetineinpre-symptomaticPD;donepezilinearlyHD;lithium,fluoxetine,memantineinpre-symptomaticHD)arereviewed.Dose-andstage-dependenteffectsareconsidered.Suggestionsforsignal-enhancementinhumantrialsareprovidedforeachNDDstage.

简介：摘要目的对1例前脑无裂畸形患儿的SIX3基因进行变异分析，明确其可能的致病原因，为临床诊断提供依据。方法提取DNA样本，应用高通量测序技术对患儿进行基因变异分析，并用Sanger测序进行家系验证。结果MRI提示叶状前脑无裂畸形伴胼胝体部分缺如。基因检测结果显示患儿SIX3存在c.517 C>G(p.His173Asp)杂合变异，父母均为野生型。根据美国医学遗传学与基因组学学会遗传变异分类标准与指南，SIX3基因c.517 C>G变异判定为致病变异(PS2+PM1+PM2+PM5+PP3)。结论SIX3基因c.517 C>G变异可能是患儿的致病原因，分子遗传学检查可为临床诊断提供依据。

简介：AbstractBackground:The detection of drug-resistant tuberculosis (DR-TB) is a major health concern in China. We aim to summarize interventions related to the screening and detection of DR-TB in Jiangsu Province, analyse their impact, and highlight policy implications for improving the prevention and control of DR-TB.Methods:We selected six prefectures from south, central and north Jiangsu Province. We reviewed policy documents between 2008 and 2019, and extracted routine TB patient registration data from the TB Information Management System (TBIMS) between 2013 and 2019. We used the High-quality Health System Framework to structure the analysis. We performed statistical analysis and logistic regression to assess the impact of different policy interventions on DR-TB detection.Results:Three prefectures in Jiangsu introduced DR-TB related interventions between 2008 and 2010 in partnership with the Global Fund to Fight AIDS, Tuberculosis and Malaria (the Global Fund) and the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation (Gates Foundation). By 2017, all prefectures in Jiangsu had implemented provincial level DR-TB policies, such as use of rapid molecular tests (RMT), and expanded drug susceptibility testing (DST) for populations at risk of DR-TB. The percentage of pulmonary TB cases confirmed by bacteriology increased from 30.0% in 2013 to over 50.0% in all prefectures by 2019, indicating that the implementation of new diagnostics has provided more sensitive testing results than the traditional smear microscopy. At the same time, the proportion of bacteriologically confirmed cases tested for drug resistance has increased substantially, indicating that the intervention of expanding the coverage of DST has reached more of the population at risk of DR-TB. Prefectures that implemented interventions with support from the Global Fund and the Gates Foundation had better detection performance of DR-TB patiens compared to those did not receive external support. However, the disparities in DR-TB detection across prefectures significantly narrowed after the implementation of provincial DR-TB polices.Conclusions:The introduction of new diagnostics, including RMT, have improved the detection of DR-TB. Prefectures that received support from the Global Fund and the Gates Foundation had better detection of DR-TB. Additionally, the implementation of provincial DR-TB polices led to improvements in the detection of DR-TB across all prefectures.

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简介：摘要目的构建并包装大鼠Six2基因过表达慢病毒及建立稳定过表达Six2基因的MES23.5细胞株。方法采用RT-PCR方法扩增Six2基因片段并将其连接于含有嘌呤霉素抗性的pLV-CS2.0-N-HA载体质粒，采用慢病毒包装四质粒系统（pRRE/pVSVG/pREV/pLV），用转染试剂Lipofectamine2000将四质粒按一定比例转染293T细胞；收集慢病毒上清并感染MES23.5细胞株，嘌呤霉素筛选稳定表达Six2的MES23.5细胞株，Westernblotting检测Six2蛋白的表达。结果限制性内切酶酶切结果表明在900bp处有一明显条带;Six2测序结果显示序列与genebank上的序列完全一致；嘌呤霉素筛选病毒感染的MES23.5细胞，传代筛选第5代后细胞几乎无死亡现象；Westernblotting结果显示，在分子量为23.4kDa处有相应条带。结论成功构建过表达Six2基因的慢病毒表达载体；得到了较高滴度的病毒悬液；建成稳定表达Six2基因的MES23.5细胞株，此研究为进一步探讨Six2基因的功能提供了良好的研究工具。

简介：AconitiLateralisRadixPraeparata(Fuzi)isacommonlyusedtraditionalChinesemedicineinclinicforitspotencyinrestoringyangandrescuingfromcollapse.Aconitialkaloids,mainlyincludingmonoester-diterpenoidaconitines(MDAs)anddiester-diterpenoidaconitines(DDAs),areconsideredtoactasbothbioactiveandtoxicconstituents.Inthepresentstudy,afeasible,economical,andaccurateHPLCmethodforsimultaneousdeterminationofsixalkaloidmarkersusingtheSingleStandardforDeterminationofMulti-Components(SSDMC)methodwasdevelopedandfullyvalidated.Benzoylmesaconinewasusedastheuniquereferencestandard.Thismethodwasprovenasaccurate(recoveryvaryingbetween97.5%-101.8%,RSD<3%),precise(RSD0.63%-2.05%),andlinear(R>0.9999)overtheconcentrationranges,andsubsequentlyappliedtoquantitativeevaluationof62batchesofsamples,amongwhich45batcheswerefromgoodmanufacturingpractice(GMP)facilitiesand17batchesfromthedrugmarket.Thecontentswerethenanalyzedbyprincipalcomponentanalysis(PCA)andhomogeneitytest.ThepresentstudyprovidedvaluableinformationforimprovingthequalitystandardofAconitiLateralisRadixPraeparata.ThedevelopedmethodalsohasthepotentialinanalysisofotherAconitumspecies,suchasAconitumcarmichaelii(preparedparentroot)andAconitumkusnezoffii(preparedroot).

简介：摘要目的探讨Six同源盒蛋白4(Six homeobox 4，Six4)蛋白在肝癌中表达及对肝癌细胞增殖、迁移和上皮-间充质转化的影响。方法选取2018年6月到2019年6月新乡医学院第一附属医院收集的169例肝癌组织和对应的癌旁组织作为研究对象，采用免疫组织化学分析肝癌组织和癌旁组织中Six4蛋白表达水平；采用常间回文重复序列丛集-Cas9(CRISPR-Cas9)在人类肝癌细胞HepG2中建立Six4敲除细胞系，命名为对照组和SIX4 KO组。采用细胞计数试剂盒(CCK-8)和5-乙炔基-2’脱氧尿嘧啶核苷(EdU)染色分析两组细胞增殖；采用Transwell分析两组细胞迁移；采用蛋白质印迹法(Western blot)分析上皮间质标志物上皮型钙黏蛋白(E-cadherin)、神经型钙黏蛋白(N-cadherin)和波形蛋白(Vimentin)表达水平，计量数据比较采用t检验。结果肝癌组织中Six4蛋白表达水平(169.59±18.59)高于癌旁组织(79.43±10.43)，差异有统计学意义(t＝4.179，P<0.05)。本研究成功构建Six4敲除细胞系。Six4 KO组细胞吸光值(1.21±0.19)低于对照组(2.15±0.28)，差异有统计学意义(t＝3.441，P<0.05)。对照组细胞EdU染色阳性率(76.45±8.90)%明显高于Six4 KO组细胞(31.63±7.43)%，差异有统计学意义(t＝4.693，P<0.05)。Six4 KO组细胞迁移数量(65.64±9.99)个低于对照组(119.48±12.08)个，差异有统计学意义(t＝3.748，P<0.05)。Six4 KO组细胞E-cadherin相对表达水平(1.49±0.21)高于对照组(0.33±0.11)，差异有统计学意义(t＝5.184，P<0.05)。Six4 KO组细胞间质标记物N-cadherin和Vimentin相对表达水平(0.58±0.11、0.68±0.23)低于对照组(1.74±0.28、1.89±0.26)，差异均有统计学意义(t＝4.274、4.109，P<0.05)。结论SIX4蛋白在肝癌组织中呈高表达，参与肝癌细胞增殖、迁移和上皮-间充质转化等恶性细胞生物学行为。

简介：AbstractBackground:Emerging evidence indicates that the sineoculis homeobox homolog 1-eyes absent homolog 1 (SIX1-EYA1) transcriptional complex significantly contributes to the pathogenesis of multiple cancers by mediating the expression of genes involved in different biological processes, such as cell-cycle progression and metastasis. However, the roles of the SIX1-EYA1 transcriptional complex and its targets in colorectal cancer (CRC) are still being investigated. This study aimed to investigate the roles of SIX1-EYA1 in the pathogenesis of CRC, to screen inhibitors disrupting the SIX1-EYA1 interaction and to evaluate the efficiency of small molecules in the inhibition of CRC cell growth.Methods:Real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction and western blotting were performed to examine gene and protein levels in CRC cells and clinical tissues (collected from CRC patients who underwent surgery in the Department of Integrated Traditional and Western Medicine, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, between 2016 and 2018, n = 24). In vivo immunoprecipitation and in vitro pulldown assays were carried out to determine SIX1-EYA1 interaction. Cell proliferation, cell survival, and cell invasion were determined using the 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay, clonogenic assay, and Boyden chamber assay, respectively. The Amplified Luminescent Proximity Homogeneous Assay Screen (AlphaScreen) method was used to obtain small molecules that specifically disrupted SIX1-EYA1 interaction. CRC cells harboring different levels of SIX1/EYA1 were injected into nude mice to establish tumor xenografts, and small molecules were also injected into mice to evaluate their efficiency to inhibit tumor growth.Results:Both SIX1 and EYA1 were overexpressed in CRC cancerous tissues (for SIX1, 7.47 ± 3.54 vs.1.88 ± 0.35, t = 4.92, P = 0.008; for EYA1, 7.61 ± 2.03 vs. 2.22 ± 0.45, t = 6.73, P = 0.005). The SIX1/EYA1 complex could mediate the expression of two important genes including cyclin A1 (CCNA1) and transforming growth factor beta 1 (TGFB1) by binding to the myocyte enhancer factor 3 consensus. Knockdown of both SIX1 and EYA1 could decrease cell proliferation, cell invasion, tumor growth, and in vivo tumor growth (all P < 0.01). Two small molecules, NSC0191 and NSC0933, were obtained using AlphaScreen and they could significantly inhibit the SIX1-EYA1 interaction with a half-maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) of 12.60 ± 1.15 μmol/L and 83.43 ± 7.24 μmol/L, respectively. Administration of these two compounds could significantly repress the expression of CCNA1 and TGFB1 and inhibit the growth of CRC cells in vitro and in vivo.Conclusions:Overexpression of the SIX1/EYA1 complex transactivated the expression of CCNA1 and TGFB1, causing the pathogenesis of CRC. Pharmacological inhibition of the SIX1-EYA1 interaction with NSC0191 and NSC0933 significantly inhibited CRC cell growth by affecting cell-cycle progression and metastasis.