简介：部件相关性是一项重要软件措施。它是直接与软件可理解性，可维护性，和可重用性有关。在描述部件相关性的二个重要参数是在二个部件之间联合的类型和依赖部件的类型。取决于联合和依赖部件的类型的不同类型，能部件维护和部件复用上有不同效果。在这篇论文，我们把依赖部件划分成三种类型。我们然后分类各种各样的部件相关性并且在维护和复用上分析他们的效果。基于分类，我们在场一个相关性度量标准并且在11个公开源码的Java部件上验证它。我们的学习证明强壮的关联在再使用部件的部件和努力的相关性的测量之间存在。这显示部件相关性和建议度量标准的分类能进一步被用来代表另外的外部软件质量因素。电子增补材料这篇文章(doi:10.1007/s11390-007-9058-y)的联机版本contatins增补材料，它对授权用户可得到。

简介：Aviewinobjectorienteddatabasescorrespondstovirtualschemawithrestructuredgeneralizationanddecompositionhierarchies,Numbersofviewcreationmethodologieshavebeenproposed.Amajordrawbackofexistingmethodologiesisthattheydonotmaintaintheclosureproperty.Thatis,theresultofaquerydoesnothavethesamesemanticsasembodiedintheobjectorienteddatamodel.Teherefore,thispaperpresentsaviewcreationmethodologythatderivesaclassinresponsetoauser'squery,integratesderivedclassinglobalschema(i.e.,considerstheproblemofclassesmovinginclasshierarchy)andselectstherequiredclassesfromglobalschematocreatetheviewforuser'squery.Novelideaofviewcreationincludes:(a)anobjectalgebraforclassderivationandcustomization(wherethederivedclassesintermsofobjectinstancesandprocedure/methodsarestudied),(b)maintenanceofclosureproperty,and(c)classificationalgorithmwhichprovidesmechanismtodealwiththeproblemofaclassmovinginaclasshierarchy.

简介：从除一个地点驱动的模式以外的一个数据驱动的通讯模式继承，命名数据联网(NDN)把更好的支持提供给网络层dataflow。然而，应用程序开发者不得不处理复杂任务，例如数据分割，包确认，和流动控制，由于在网络层上的合适的运输层协议的缺乏。在这研究，我们设计一个dataflow面向的编程接口为NDN提供运输策略，它极大地在开发应用程序改进效率。这个接口介绍检索策略根据出版模式，基于当前的网络地位和数据产生控制dataflow在采用一个适应ADUpipelining算法的不同数据评估的二个应用程序数据单位(ADU)。接口也提供网络测量策略监视许多影响应用程序表演的批评度量标准。我们由实现流的一个录像验证我们的接口的功能和性能在世界范围的NDN试验床上跨越11个时区的申请。我们的实验证明接口罐头高效地支持开发高效、驾驶dataflow的NDN应用程序。

简介：象建议，当模特儿的话题，和医药诊断一样的许多机器学习和数据采矿(MLDM)问题能在由两部组成的图上作为计算被建模。然而，很分布式的图平行系统对在这的唯一的特征忘却图和存在的联机图划分算法通常在网络通讯上象重要压力一样引起顶点的过多的复制。这篇文章识别为分布式的MLDM处理划分由两部组成的图的挑战和机会并且建议BiGraph，划分算法的一套由两部组成面向的图。BiGraph力量观察象数据在导出一套最佳的图的顶点的二个子集之间缩放划分导致最小的顶点复制和网络通讯的算法的顶点，区别计算负担和imbalanced的扭曲的分发那样。BiGraph在PowerGraph上被实现了并且被显示有表演增加直到17.75X(从1.16X)为四个典型MLDM算法，由于减少直到80%顶点复制，并且直到96%网络交通。

简介：Aspect-orientedprogrammingmodularizescrosscuttingconcernsintoaspectswiththeadviceinvokedatthespecifiedpointsofprogramexecution.Aspectscanbeusedinaharmfulwaythatinvalidatesdesiredpropertiesandevendestroystheconceptualintegrityofprograms.Toassurethequalityofanaspect-orientedsystem,rigorousanalysisanddesignofaspectsarehighlydesirable.Inthispaper,wepresentanapproachtoaspect-orientedmodelingandverificationwithfinitestatemachines.Ourapproachprovidesexplicitnotations(e.g.,pointcut,adviceandaspect)forcapturingcrosscuttingconcernsandincrementalmodificationrequirementswithrespecttoclassstatemodels.Forverificationpurposes,wecomposetheaspectmodelsandclassmodelsinanaspect-orientedmodelthroughaweavingmechanism.ThenwetransformthewovenmodelsandtheclassmodelsnotaffectedbytheaspectsintoFSP(FiniteStateProcesses),whicharetobecheckedbytheLTSA(LabeledTransitionSystemAnalyzer)modelcheckeragainstthedesiredsystemproperties.Wehaveappliedourapproachtothemodelingandverificationofthreeaspect-orientedsystems.Tofurtherevaluatetheeffectivenessofverification,wecreatedalargenumberofflawedaspectmodelsandverifiedthemagainstthesystemrequirements.Theresultsshowthattheverificationhasrevealedallflawedmodels.Thisindicatesthatourapproachiseffectiveinqualityassuranceofaspect-orientedstatemodels.Assuch,ourapproachcanbeusedformodel-checkingstate-basedspecificationofaspect-orienteddesignandcanuncoversomesystemdesignproblemsbeforethesystemisimplemented.

简介：Asteadyincreaseinconsumerdemands,andsevereconstraintsfrombothasomewhatdamagedenvironmentandnewlyinstalledgovernmentpolicies,requiretoday'sproductdesignanddevelopmenttobefasterandmoreefficientthaneverbefore,yetutilizingevenfewerresources.Newholisticapproaches,suchastotalproductlifecyclemodelingwhichembracesallaspectsofaproduct'slifecycle,arecurrentattemptstosolvetheseproblems.Withinthefieldofproductdesignandmodeling,featuretechnologyhasprovedtobeoneverypromisingsolutioncomponent.Owingtothetremendousincreaseininformationtechnology,totransferfromlowleveldataprocessingtowardsknowledgemodelingandinformationprocessingisabouttobringachangeinalmosteverycomputerizedapplication.Fromthisviewpoint,currentproblemsofbothfeatureframeworksandfeaturesystemsareanalyzedinrespecttostaticanddynamicconsistencybreakdowns.Theanalysisrangesfromearlystagesofdesigning(feature)conceptstofinalsystemimplementationandapplication.Forthefirsttime,anintegratedviewisgivenonapproaches,solutionsandpracticalexperience,withfeatureconceptsandstructures,providingbothafeatureframeworkanditsimplementationwithsufficientsystemarchitectureandcomputationalpowertomasterafairnumberofknownconsistencybreakdowns,whileprovidingforrobustcontextsforfeaturesemanticsandintegratedmodels.Withintoday'sheavyuseofinformationtechnologythesearepre-requisitesifthefullpotentialoffeaturetechnologyistobesuccessfullytranslatedintopractice.

简介：Large-scaleobject-oriented(OO)softwaresystemshaverecentlybeenfoundtoshareglobalnetworkcharacteristicssuchassmallworldandscalefree,whichgobeyondthescopeoftraditionalsoftwaremeasurementandassessmentmethodologies.Tomeasurethecomplexityatvariouslevelsofgranularity,namelygraph,class(andobject)andsourcecode,weproposeahierarchicalsetofmetricsintermsofcouplingandcohesion-themostimportantcharacteristicsofsoftware,andanalyzeasampleof12open-sourceOOsoftwaresystemstoempiricallyvalidatetheset.Experimentalresultsofthecorrelationsbetweencross-levelmetricsindicatethatthegraphmeasuresofoursetcomplementtraditionalsoftwaremetricswellfromtheviewpointofnetworkthinking,andprovidemoreeffectiveinformationaboutfault-proneclassesinpractice.

简介：Thequalityofasoftwaresystemispartiallydeterminedbyitsstructure(topologicalstructure),sotheneedtoquantitativelyanalyzethequalityofthestructurehasbecomeeminent.Inthispaperanovelmetriccalledsoftwarequalityofstructure(SQoS)ispresentedforquantitativelymeasuringthestructuralqualityofobject-oriented(OO)softwaresviabugpropagationanalysisonweightedsoftwarenetworks(WSNs).First,thesoftwaresystemsaremodeledasaWSN,weightedclassdependencynetwork(WCDN),inwhichclassesarenodesandtheinteractionbetweeneverypairofclassesifanyisadirectededgewithaweightindicatingtheprobabilitythatabuginoneclasswillpropagatetotheother.ThenweanalyzethebugpropagationprocessintheWCDNtogetherwiththebugpronenessofeachclass,andbasedonthis,ametric(SQoS)tomeasurethestructuralqualityofOOsoftwaresasawholeisdeveloped.TheapproachisevaluatedintwocasestudiesonopensourceJavaprogramsusingdifferentsoftwarestructures(oneemploysdesignpatternsandtheotherdoesnot)forthesameOOsoftware.Theresultsofthecasestudiesvalidatetheeffectivenessoftheproposedmetric.TheapproachisfullyautomatedbyatoolwritteninJava.