简介：Historically,mastcellswereknownasakeycelltypeinvolvedintypeIhypersensitivity.Untillasttwodecades,thiscelltypewasrecognizedtobewidelyinvolvedinanumberofnon-allergicdiseasesincludinginflammatoryboweldisease(IBD).MarkedlyincreasednumbersofmastcellswereobservedinthemucosaoftheileumandcolonofpatientswithIBD,whichwasaccompaniedbygreatchangesofthecontentinmastcellssuchasdramaticallyincreasedexpressionofTNFα,IL-16andsubstanceP.TheevidenceofmastcelldegranulationwasfoundinthewallofintestinefrompatientswithIBDwithimmunohistochemistrytechnique.ThehighlyelevatedhistamineandtryptaselevelsweredetectedinmucosaofpatientswithIBD,stronglysuggestingthatmastcelldegranulationisinvolvedinthepathogenesisofIBD.However,littleisknownoftheactionsofhistamine,tryptase,chymaseandcarboxypeptidaseinIBD.Overthelastdecade,heparinhasbeenusedtotreatIBDinclinicalpractice.Thelowmolecularweightheparin(LMWH)waseffectiveasadjuvanttherapy,andthepatientsshowedgoodclinicalandlaboratoryresponsewithnoseriousadverseeffects.TherolesofPGD2,LTC4,PAFandmastcellcytokinesinIBDwerealsodiscussed.Recently,aseriesofexperimentswithdispersedcolonmastcellssuggestedthereshouldbeatleasttwopathwaysinmanformastcellstoamplifytheirownactivation-degranulationsignalsinanautocrineorparacrinemanner.Thehypothesisisthatmastcellsecretogoguesinducemastcelldegranulation,releasehistamine,thenstimulatetheadjacentmastcellsorpositivelyfeedbacktofurtherstimulateitshostmastcellsthroughH1receptor.Whereasreleasedtryptaseactssimilarlytohistamine,butactivatesmastcellsthroughitsreceptorPAR-2.Theconnectionsbetweencurrentanti-IBDtherapiesorpotentialtherapiesforIBDwithmastcellswerediscussed,implicatingfurtherthatmastcellisakeycelltypethatisinvolvedinthepathogenesisofIBD.Inconclusion,whilepathoge

简介：LongbeforethediscoveryofHelicobacterpylori,thereweremanyexcellentobservationalstudiesthatdocumenteddifferencesinthepatternsofgastroduodenaldisease.Itwasclearthatinthedevelopingworld,gastriculcerandgastriccancerweremorecommonthaninthedevelopedworldwhereduodenalulcerpredominated.Thiscorrelatedwiththedistributionofgastritisinduodenalulcerpatientswheretheinflammationwasantralpredominantwhileingastriculcerpatientsthegastritiswasmoreevenlydistributedthroughthestomach.Gastriculcersusuallyappearedinafairlyrestricteddistributioninthestomachneartheangulusandclosetothetransitionalzonebetweenantrumandbodymucosa.Asasocietydevelopedsothesepatternsofdiseasechanged.

简介：本文简介了内镜下早期胃癌的形态特点、可疑病灶识别、规范观察和电子染色、色素喷洒及共聚焦筛检技术,对提高内镜下早期胃癌识别能力很有帮助。

简介：目的：探讨胃癌细胞株BGC-823、SGC-7901的多药耐药相关基因的表达与其侵袭转移能力的关系。方法采用实时荧光定量PCR技术检测胃癌细胞株BGC-823、SGC-7901的多药耐药相关基因（包括ABCB1、MMP2、CDH1、CD44）的mRNA表达水平。采用细胞划痕实验、Transwell迁徙实验评价两株胃癌细胞的侵袭转移能力，进而探讨胃癌细胞多药耐药相关基因的表达与侵袭转移能力的关系。结果荧光定量PCR实验发现胃癌细胞株BGC-823的ABCB1、CDH1、CD44基因表达较SGC-7901高，而MMP2基因的表达在SGC-7901中较高。细胞划痕实验及Transwell迁徙实验显示胃癌细胞株BGC-823的迁徙能力比SGC-7901强。结论胃癌细胞的多药耐药与侵袭转移有一定的关系，CD44的高表达在胃癌细胞的侵袭转移中可能起主要作用。