简介：Background:Althoughcurrentresearchsupportstheuseofactivevideogames(AVGs)inrehabilitation,theevidencehasyettobesystematicallyreviewedorsynthesized.Thecurrentprojectsystematicallyreviewedliterature,summarizedfindings,andevaluatedtheeffectivenessofAVGsasatherapeutictoolinimprovingphysical,psychological,andcognitiverehabilitativeoutcomesamongolderadultswithchronicdiseases.Methods:Sevendatabases(AcademicSearchComplete,Communication&MassMediaComplete,ERIC,PsycINFO,PubMed,SPORTDiscus,andMedline)weresearchedforstudiesthatevaluatedtheeffectivenessofAVG-basedrehabilitationamongolderpatients.Theinitialsearchyielded946articles;afterevaluatingagainstinclusioncriteriaandremovingduplicates,19studiesofAVG-basedrehabilitationremained.Results:Moststudieswerequasi-experimentalindesign,withphysicalfunctioningtheprimaryoutcomeinvestigatedwithregardtotheuseofAVGsinrehabilitation.Overall,9studiesfoundsignificantimprovementsforallstudyoutcomes,whereas9studiesweremixed,withsignificantimprovementsonseveralstudyoutcomesbutnoeffectsobservedonotheroutcomesafterAVG-basedtreatments.OnestudyfailedtofindanybenefitsofAVG-basedrehabilitation.Conclusion:FindingsindicateAVGshavepotentialinrehabilitationforolderpatients,withseveralrandomizedclinicaltrialsreportingpositiveeffectsonrehabilitativeoutcomes.However,existingevidenceisinsufficienttosupporttheadvantagesofAVGsoverstandardtherapy.Giventhelimitednumberofstudiesandconcernswithstudydesignquality,moreresearchiswarrantedtomakemoredefinitiveconclusionsregardingtheabilityofAVGstoimproverehabilitativeoutcomesinolderpatients.

简介：Diabetesisaleadingchronicdiseaseofchildhoodandadolescence.Inadditiontothewell-knownauto-immune,insulin-dependentdiabetesmellitus(type1diabetes(T1D)),thepasttwodecadeshavewitnessedtheemergenceoftype2diabetes(T2D)inchildrenandadolescents,whichpreviouslywasonlyseeninmiddle-agedorolderadults.Oneofthekeycomponentsofdiabetesmanagementisphysicalactivity(PA).ThebeneficialeffectsofincreasedPAanddecreasedsedentarybehaviorareextremelyimportantinyouthwithdiabetesbecauseofthemarkedlyincreasedlong-termriskofcardiovasculardiseaseinthispopulationcomparedtopersonswithoutdiabetes.Thisreviewaimstocomprehensivelysummarizetheepidemiologic,observationalresearchpublishedandlistedinPubMedbetween1970and2012onPAandsedentarybehaviors,aswellasphysicalfitnessinchildrenandadolescentswithTIDandT2D.Additionally,wedescribebrieflythestateofknowledgeonperceivedbarriersofPAinpersonswithdiabetes,withafocusonhypoglycemia.Finally,weprovideanoverviewoftheepidemiologicalliteraturepertainingtohealthbenefitsofincreasedPAinyouthwithTIDandT2Dandbrieflydiscussthetopicofexercise-relatedhypoglycemia.