简介:GiventherecentsuccessinthedevelopmentofseveralsubmersiblesinChina,people’sinterestinthehistoryofsubmersibledevelopmentisincreasing.ThispaperpresentsthehistoryofsubmersibledevelopmentinChina,whichcanbebrieflydividedintothreeperiods.Thefirstoneistheearlyperiodofhardship(1971–2000).ManyprototypesubmersiblesofHOVs,ROVs,andAUVsweredevelopedatthistime,butthemainachievementwastheestablishmentofspecialresearchorganizationsandthetrainingofresearchanddevelopmentpersonnel.Thesecondperiodcanberegardedasthequickdevelopmentperiod(2001–2015).Allcurrentlyusedsubmersiblesweredevelopedduringthisperiod.Themostremarkableachievementwasthesuccessfuldevelopmentof7000m-deepmannedsubmersibleBJiaolong.^Thethirdperiodaimstodevelop11000msubmersiblesforchallengingthefulloceandepth(2016–2020).Inthisperiod,twounmannedsubmersiblesandtwomannedsubmersibleswillbethesignificantindicatorsofachievement.Ifthis5-yearplancanbesuccessfullycompleted,Chinacanplayasignificantroleintheinvestigationofthedeepestpartoftheoceans,namely,thehadaltrenches(6500–11000m).
简介:2018年12月24日,国家发展改革委和交通运输部发布《国家物流枢纽布局和建设规划》(下称“《规划》”),提出到2020年布局建设30个左右国家物流枢纽;到2025年布局建设150个左右国家物流枢纽,推动全社会物流总费用与GDP的比率下降至12%左右;到2035年基本形成与现代化经济体系相适应的国家物流枢纽网络。《规划》规定了国家物流枢纽的6种类型,包括陆港型、港口型、空港型、生产服务型、商贸服务型和陆上边境口岸型。结合“十纵十横”交通运输通道和国内物流大通道基本格局,选择127个具备一定基础条件的城市作为国家物流枢纽承载城市,规划建设212个国家物流枢纽。